Andreas Palaiologos (son of Manuel)

Andreas Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: Ἀνδρέας Παλαιολόγος; fl. 1519) was the oldest son of Manuel Palaiologos and the only of his two sons to survive until adulthood. Andreas was likely named after his uncle, Manuel's brother, Andreas Palaiologos. Andreas's father had returned from exile under the protection of the Papacy to Constantinople in 1476 and had been generously provided for by Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire, who had conquered the city from Manuel's relatives in 1453. Although Manuel remained a Christian until his death at some point before 1512, Andreas converted to Islam and served as an Ottoman court official. He was the last certain member of the imperial branch of the Palaiologos family.

This article is about the son of Manuel Palaiologos. For his uncle by the same name, see Andreas Palaiologos.
Andreas Palaiologos
BornAfter 1476
Constantinople
DiedAfter 1519
Noble familyPalaiologos
FatherManuel Palaiologos
ReligionSunni Islam

Biography

Andreas Palaiologos was the oldest son of Manuel Palaiologos and grandson of Thomas Palaiologos, a brother of Constantine XI Palaiologos, the final Byzantine emperor. Although Constantine XI had died defending Constantinople from the Ottomans and Sultan Mehmed II in 1453, and Thomas had fled into exile in 1460,[1] Manuel had travelled to Constantinople in 1476 to throw himself on the mercy of Mehmed II.[2][3] Previously, Manuel had lived with his brother Andreas under the protection of the papacy in Rome, but a constant cutting of their provided pension had led to a poor financial situation. After having received several disatisfactory offers from various Western European dukes, Manuel was pleased with the generous payment he received from Mehmed II in Constantinople and stayed in the city for the rest of his life. In addition to income, Manuel was also provided with housing and two concubines by the sultan.[2][4][5] With these two concubines,[3] or possibly a wife,[6] Manuel fathered two sons; Andreas and John, who died young.[4] Andreas was probably named after Manuel's brother.[5]

Manuel died a Christian at some point during the reign of Mehmed II's son and successor, Bayezid II (r. 1481–1512),[3] but Andreas converted to Islam.[4] In 1932, Andreas was identified by Greek Byzantinist Dionysios Zakythinos as the same individual as Mesih Pasha, an Ottoman soldier who partook in a failed attack on Rhodes in 1480. Since Andreas would have been at most four years old at the time, the identification is erroneous. The real Mesih Pasha appears to have had certain Palaiologos descent, however, being the son of a Thomas Palaiologos Gidos.[4] The English historian Steven Runciman writes that the Muslim name of Andreas was Mehmet Pasha and that he served as a court official in Constantinople.[7]

Andreas is last attested in 1519[8] and is not believed to have had children of his own.[6] With Andreas's death, the descendants of the immediate relatives of the last few Byzantine emperors were rendered extinct.[9]

References
  1. Harris 2013, p. 649.
  2. Harris 1995, p. 540.
  3. Harris 2010, p. 254.
  4. Nicol 1992, pp. 115–116.
  5. Hall 2015, p. 37.
  6. Runciman 2009, p. 183.
  7. Runciman 1969, p. 183–184.
  8. Cawley 2006.
  9. Nicol 1992, p. 116.

Cited bibliography
  • Hall, John (2015). An Elizabethan Assassin: Theodore Paleologus: Seducer, Spy and Killer. Stroud: The History Press. ISBN 978-0750962612.
  • Harris, Jonathan (1995). "A worthless prince? Andreas Palaeologus in Rome, 1465-1502". Orientalia Christiana Periodica. 61: 537–554.
  • Harris, Jonathan (2013). "Despots, Emperors, and Balkan Identity in Exile". The Sixteenth Century Journal. 44 (3): 643–661. JSTOR 24244808.
  • Harris, Jonathan (2010). The End of Byzantium. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300117868.
  • Nicol, Donald M. (1992). The Immortal Emperor: The Life and Legend of Constantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0511583698.
  • Runciman, Steven (1969) [1965]. The Fall of Constantinople 1453. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521398329.
  • Runciman, Steven (2009) [1980]. Lost Capital of Byzantium: The History of Mistra and the Peloponnese. New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks. ISBN 978-1845118952.

Cited web sources
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