Adolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

Adolphus Frederick II (19 October 1658 – 12 May 1708), Duke of Mecklenburg, was the first Duke of the Mecklenburg-Strelitz, reigning from 1701 until his death. Mecklenburg-Strelitz was a part of the Holy Roman Empire.

Adolphus Frederick II
Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Reign1701 – 12 May 1708
PredecessorFriedrich Wilhelm
SuccessorAdolf Friedrich III
Born(1658-10-19)October 19, 1658
Grabow
DiedMay 12, 1708(1708-05-12) (aged 49)
Spouse
    Princess Maria of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
    ​
    (
    m. 1684; died 1701)
      Princess Johanna of Saxe-Gotha
      ​
      (
      m. 1702; died 1704)
        Princess Christiane Emilie of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
        ​
        (
        m. 1705)
        Issue
        Detail
        HouseMecklenburg-Strelitz
        FatherAdolf Frederick I
        MotherMaria Katharina of Brunswick-Dannenberg
        ReligionLutheranism

        Biography

        He was born in Grabow as the posthumous son of Duke Adolf Frederick I of Mecklenburg and his second wife, Maria Katharina of Brunswick-Dannenberg (1616–1665).[1]

        In 1695, the Mecklenburg-Güstrow branch of the House of Mecklenburg became extinct and Adolphus Frederick's nephew, Frederick William, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, laid claim to the inheritance, a move which Adolphus Frederick opposed.[2]

        The dispute was settled in 1701, when Adolphus Frederick reached an agreement with his nephew, Duke Friedrich Wilhelm, to take as his inheritance the Principality of Ratzeburg and the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.[3]

        Following his death, Adolphus Frederick was succeeded as Duke by his son, Adolphus Frederick III.

        Marriages and children

        In 1684 Adolphus Frederick II married firstly to Princess Maria of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (19 July 1659 – 16 January 1701), daughter of Gustav Adolph, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow. They had five children:[1]

        • Adolphus Frederick III, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Strelitz, 7 June 1686 – Schwerin, 11 December 1752).
        • Duchess Magdalena Amalia of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Strelitz, 25 April 1689 – Strelitz, 28 April 1689).
        • Duchess Maria of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (born and died Strelitz, 7 August 1690).
        • Duchess Eleonore Wilhelmina of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Strelitz, 8 July 1691 – Strelitz, 9 July 1691).
        • Duchess Gustave Caroline of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Strelitz, 12 July 1694 – Schwerin, 13 April 1748) she married Christian Ludwig II, Duke of Mecklenburg.

        On 20 June 1702, Adolphus Frederick II married secondly to Princess Johanna of Saxe-Gotha (1 October 1680 – 9 July 1704), a daughter of Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, and Magdalena Sybille of Saxe-Weissenfels. There were no children from this marriage.[1]

        On 10 June 1705 at Neustrelitz, Adolphus Frederick II married thirdly to Princess Christiane Emilie of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (13 March 1681 - 1 November 1751), a daughter of Christian William I, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen and Countess Antonie Sybille of Barby-Mühlingen (1641–1684). They had two children:[1]

        Through his granddaughter Charlotte, Adolphus Frederick is the ancestor of every British monarch beginning with George IV, who ascended the throne of the United Kingdom in 1820.

        Ancestry

        Adolphus Frederick was a fourth-generation descendant of Gustav Vasa, King of Sweden, and his second Queen consort Margareta Leijonhufvud through their second child and first daughter Katharina of Sweden. Katharina was consort to Edzard II, Count of East Frisia. East Frisia played a prominent role in the spreading of the Protestant Reformation within the Holy Roman Empire during the 16th century and was thus a natural ally for Protestant Sweden.

        Their daughter Maria, Princess of East Frisia (1582–1616), became consort to Julius-Ernst, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1571–1636). They were the maternal grandparents of Adolf Friedrich II. He is a distant relative of Lord Mountbatten of Burma, the last Viceroy of India.

        References
        1. Marek, Miroslav. "House of Mecklenburg genealogy". Genealogy.EU.
        2. Moore, John (1803). View of Society and Manners in France, Switzerland and Germany. A. Strahan and T. Cadell. p. 191.
        3. Ungewitter, Franz Heinrich (1850). Europe, Past and Present. Putnam. p. 411.
        Adolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
        Cadet branch of the House of Mecklenburg
        Born: 19 October 1658 Died: 12 May 1708
        Regnal titles
        New title Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
        1701–1708        		 Succeeded by
        Adolphus Frederick III
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