536th Tactical Airlift Squadron

The 536th Tactical Airlift Squadron is an inactive squadron of the United States Air Force. The unit was last active at Cam Ranh Air Base Viet Nam, where it was inactivated on 15 October 1971.

536th Airlift Squadron
DeHavilland Canada C-7A Caribou of the 483d Tactical Airlift Wing at Cam Rahn Bay in 1971
Active	1943–1944; 1952–1953; 1966–1971
Country	United States
Branch	United States Air Force
Role	Airlift
Part of	Pacific Air Forces
Decorations	Presidential Unit Citation Air Force Outstanding Unit Award Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm
Insignia
536th Tactical Airlift Squadron emblem[1]
Viet Nam Tail Code	KL

The squadron was first established during World War II as the 536th Fighter Squadron. It served as a Replacement Training Unit for Republic P-47 Thunderbolt pilots until it was disbanded in a major reorganization of the Army Air Forces in 1944 designed to streamline training organizations.

In 1952, the squadron was redesignated as the 536th Troop Carrier Squadron, and activated at Atterbury Air Force Base to replace elements of the 923d Reserve Training Wing. The following year the squadron was inactivated and replaced at Atterbury by the 72d Troop Carrier Squadron.

The unit was activated again in Viet Nam as a C-7 Caribou squadron assigned to the 483d Tactical Airlift Wing; the squadron was awarded three Presidential Unit Citations for its actions during the Viet Nam War.

History

World War II

P-47 Thunderbolt as used by the 536th Fighter Squadron for training

The squadron was first established as the 536th Fighter Squadron and was activated in November 1943 at Richmond Army Air Base, Virginia,[2] as one of the four original squadrons of the 87th Fighter Group.[3] The squadron began operations with Republic P-47 Thunderbolts as a Replacement Training Unit (RTU). RTUs were oversized units which trained aircrews prior to their deployment to combat theaters and assignment to an operational group.[4] In January 1944, the squadron and the 537th Fighter Squadron moved to Millville Army Air Field, New Jersey,[2] and the 87th group's headquarters and other squadrons transferred to Camp Springs Army Air Field, Maryland.[3][5]

However, the Army Air Forces found that standard military units, based on relatively inflexible tables of organization were proving less well adapted to the training mission. Accordingly, a more functional system was adopted in which each base was organized into a separate numbered unit.[6] while the groups and squadrons acting as RTUs were disbanded or inactivated.[7] This resulted in the squadron being disbanded in the spring of 1944[2] and being replaced by the 135th AAF Base Unit (Fighter), which assumed its mission, personnel, and equipment.[8]

Air Force Reserves

Main article: 87th Air Base Wing

In 1952, the squadron was redesignated as the 536th Troop Carrier Squadron, became part of the newly constituted 87th Troop Carrier Wing under the wing base organization system, and was activated at Atterbury Air Force Base. The 87th wing replaced the 923d Reserve Training Wing at Atterbury when reserve flying operations resumed there.[note 1] The squadron operated Curtiss C-46 Commandos to train reservists. In February 1953, the 434th Troop Carrier Group was released from active duty and activated in the reserves, and its 72d Troop Carrier Squadron assumed the mission, personnel and equipment of the 537th.[9]

Vietnam War

The squadron was activated in 1967, and took over DeHavilland Canada C-7A Caribou aircraft that were formerly operated by the 61st Aviation Company (U.S. Army) in South Vietnam, assuming their tactical airlift mission. Operating from Vung Tau Airfield, the 536th earned a Navy Presidential Unit Citation, as well as an Air Force Presidential Unit Citation for airlift support of Khe Sanh and other forward bases from January to May 1968. It earned a second Air Force Presidential Unit Citation for action between April and June 1970 when it participated in the aerial resupply of Dak Seang Special Forces Camp, evacuation of over 2000 refugees from Cambodia, and transportation of the Presidential Southeast Asia Investigation Team to various remote locations in South Vietnam.

Lineage

• Constituted as the 536th Fighter Squadron (Single Engine) on 24 September 1943

Activated on 1 October 1943

• Disbanded on 10 April 1944
• Reconstituted and redesignated 536th Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium on 26 May 1952

Activated in the reserve on 15 June 1952

Inactivated on 1 February 1953[10]

• Redesignated 536th Troop Carrier Squadron and activated on 12 October 1966 (not organized)

Organized on 1 January 1967

Redesignated 536th Tactical Airlift Squadron on 1 August 1967

Inactivated on 15 October 1971

Assignments

• 87th Fighter Group: 1 October 1943 – 10 April 1944
• 87th Troop Carrier Group: 15 June 1952 – 1 February 1953[10]
• Pacific Air Forces: 12 October 1966 (not organized)
• 483d Troop Carrier Wing (later 483d Tactical Airlift Wing): 1 January 1967 – 31 August 1971

Stations

• Richmond Army Air Base, Virginia, 1 October 1943
• Millville Army Air Field, New Jersey, 7 January 1944 – 10 April 1944
• Atterbury Air Force Base, Indiana, 15 June 1952 – 1 February 1953[10]
• Vung Tau Air Field, Vietnam, 1 January 1967 – c. 1 July 1970
• Cam Ranh Air Base, Viet Nam, c. 1 July 1970 – 31 October 1971

Aircraft

• Republic P-47 Thunderbolt, 1943–1944
• Curtiss C-46 Commando, 1952–1953
• DeHavilland Canada C-7A Caribou, 1967–1971[10]

Awards and Campaigns

Award streamer	Award	Dates	Notes
	Presidential Unit Citation	21 January 1968 – 12 May 1968	536th Tactical Airlift Squadron, Viet Nam[11]
	Presidential Unit Citation	1 April 1970 – 30 June 1970	536th Tactical Airlift Squadron, Viet Nam[12]
	Navy Presidential Unit Citation	20 January 1968 – 1 April 1968	536th Tactical Airlift Squadron, Viet Nam
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award w/Combat "V" Device	1 January 1967 – 30 April 1967	536th Troop Carrier Squadron[11]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award w/Combat "V" Device	1 May 1967 – 30 April 1968[11]	536th Troop Carrier Squadron (later Tactical Airlift Squadron)
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award w/Combat "V" Device	1 July 1970 – 28 August 1971	536th Tactical Airlift Squadron[12]
	Vietnamese Gallantry Cross with Palm	1 January 1967 – 31 August 1971	536th Troop Carrier Squadron (later Tactical Airlift Squadron)[12]

Campaign Streamer	Campaign	Dates	Notes
	Vietnam Air Offensive	1 January 1967 – 8 March 1967	536th Troop Carrier Squadron
	Vietnam Air Offensive, Phase II	9 March 1967 – 31 March 1968	536th Troop Carrier Squadron (later Tactical Airlift Squadron)
	Vietnam Air/Ground	22 January 1968 – 7 July 1968	536th Tactical Airlift Carrier Squadron[11]
	Vietnam Air Offensive, Phase III	1 April 1968 – 31 October 1968	536th Tactical Airlift Carrier Squadron[11]
	Vietnam Air Offensive, Phase IV	1 November 1968 – 22 February 1969	536th Tactical Airlift Carrier Squadron[11]
	Tet 1969/Counteroffensive	23 February 1969 – 8 June 1969	536th Tactical Airlift Carrier Squadron[11]
	Vietnam Summer-Fall 1969	9 June 1969 – 31 October 1969	536th Tactical Airlift Carrier Squadron[12]
	Vietnam Winter-Spring 1970	3 November 1969 – 30 April 1970	536th Tactical Airlift Carrier Squadron[12]
	Sanctuary Counteroffensive	1 May 1970 – 30 June 1970	536th Tactical Airlift Carrier Squadron[12]
	Southwest Monsoon	1 July 1970 – 30 November 1970	536th Tactical Airlift Carrier Squadron[12]
	Commando Hunt V	1 December 1970 – 14 May 1971	536th Tactical Airlift Carrier Squadron[12]
	Commando Hunt VI	15 May 1971 – 31 July 1971	536th Tactical Airlift Carrier Squadron[12]

References

Notes

1. The 923d had been activated in 1951 when the reserve 434th Troop Carrier Wing was called to active duty for the Korean War.

Notes

1. Robertson, Patsy, AFHRA Factsheet 537 Airlift Squadron Archived 3 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine 22 August 2011 Retrieved 20 December 2013
2. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 644
3. Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 153–154
4. Craven & Cate, Introduction, p. xxxvi
5. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 643–644
6. Craven & Cate, The Organization and its Responsibilities, Chapter 2: The AAF, p. 75
7. Maurer, Combat Units, p. 7
8. See Abstract, History of Millville AAF 1940–1944 Retrieved 16 December 2013
9. Ravenstein, p. 122
10. Lineage, including assignments, stations, commanders, aircraft through 1963 in Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 643
11. AF Pamphlet 900-2, 15 June 1971, p. 420
12. AF Pamphlet 900-2, Vol. II, p. 79

Bibliography

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.

• Craven, Wesley F; Cate, James L, eds. (1955). The Army Air Forces in World War II. Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. LCCN 48-3657.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. LCCN 61060979.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556.
• Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947–1977. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9.
• "AF Pamphlet 900-2, Unit Decorations, Awards and Campaign Participation Credits" (PDF). Washington, DC: Department of the Air Force. 15 June 1971. Retrieved 11 August 2016. (from 317th Motor Vehicle Squadron)
• "AF Pamphlet 900-2, Unit Decorations, Awards and Campaign Participation Credits, Vol II" (PDF). Washington, DC: Department of the Air Force. 30 September 1976. Retrieved 11 August 2016.

External links

• C-7 Caribou Association – 536th Tactical Airlift Squadron Retrieved 20 December 2013
• Air War Viet Nam – Vung Tau Air Base