1070 Tunica

1070 Tunica, provisional designation 1926 RB, is a dark background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 35 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 1 September 1926, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany.[15] The asteroid was named after Petrorhagia, a flowering plant also known as "Tunica".[3]

1070 Tunica
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date1 September 1926
Designations
(1070) Tunica
Pronunciation/ˈtjuːnɪkə/[2]
Named after
Petrorhagia [3]
(flowering plant)
1926 RB · A903 SA
main-belt · (outer) [1][4]
background [5] · Ursula [6]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc114.03 yr (41,649 days)
Aphelion3.4882 AU
Perihelion2.9764 AU
3.2323 AU
Eccentricity0.0792
5.81 yr (2,123 days)
259.51°
0° 10m 10.56s / day
Inclination16.963°
165.32°
189.81°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions33.77±8.89 km[7]
33.79 km (calculated)[4]
36.68±0.86 km[8]
39.10±0.64 km[9]
39.131±0.423 km[10]
44.135±1.028 km[11]
15.673±0.0067 h[12]
15.8±1.0 h[13]
0.0476±0.0014[11]
0.057 (assumed)[4]
0.061±0.003[10]
0.068±0.003[9]
0.07±0.04[7]
0.076±0.011[8]
C (assumed)[4]
10.60[8][9] · 10.634±0.001 (R)[12] · 10.70[7][11] · 10.76±0.29[14] · 10.8[1] · 11.08[4]

    Orbit and classification

    Tunica is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[5] Conversely, it has also been considered a core member of the Ursula family.[6] It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 3.0–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 10 months (2,123 days; semi-major axis of 3.23 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 17° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    The body's observation arc begins with its identification as A903 SA at Heidelberg in September 1903, or 23 years prior to its official discovery observation.[15]

    Physical characteristics

    Tunica is an assumed C-type asteroid.[4]

    Rotation period

    In May 2017, a rotational lightcurve of Tunica was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer René Roy. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 15.8 hours with a brightness variation of 0.24 magnitude (U=2-).[13] Another lightcurve obtained in the R-band by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in February 2010 gave a period of 15.673 hours and an amplitude of 0.32 magnitude (U=2).[12]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Tunica measures between 33.77 and 44.135 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0476 and 0.076.[7][8][9][10][11]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 33.79 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.08.[4]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after "Tunica" (Petrorhagia), a flowering plant derived from the common gillyflower.[3]

    Reinmuth's flowers

    Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).[16]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1070 Tunica (1926 RB)" (2017-09-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    2. "tunica". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
    3. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1070) Tunica". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1070) Tunica. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 91. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1071. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    4. "LCDB Data for (1070) Tunica". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    5. "Small Bodies Data Ferret". Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0. Archived from the original on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    6. "Asteroid 1070 Tunica – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
    7. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    8. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    9. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    10. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
    11. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    12. Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    13. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1070) Tunica". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
    14. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    15. "1070 Tunica (1926 RB)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    16. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1054) Forsytia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1054) Forsytia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1055. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.

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