Yangon Mental Health Hospital

The Yangon Psychiatric (Mental) Health Hospital (Burmese: ရွာသာကြီး စိတ်ကျန်းမာရေး ဆေးရုံကြီး) is one of the two major mental health hospitals in Myanmar. The 1,200-bed hospital is located at Ywar Thar Gyi Ward in East Dagon Township. Thus, it was known as Ywar Thar Gyi Psychiatric Hospital in the past.[1]

Yangon Psychiatric (Mental) Health Hospital
Geography
Location	164, No (7) Main Road, Ywar Thar Gyi Ward, East Dagon Township, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar
Organisation
Type	Teaching
Affiliated university	University of Medicine 1, Yangon
Services
Emergency department	Yes
Beds	1200[1]
Links
Lists	Hospitals in Myanmar

The hospital mainly focused on curative treatment and also serves as a referral and specialist hospital. While the out-patient department in the hospital is for patients with mild psychiatric disorders, patients with severe mental illness are admitted in the hospital. Although a day care center was established in the hospital for both children and adults with mental disorders, it is no longer functioning due to long travel distance to the hospital.[2]

History

The long history of psychiatric care in Myanmar started in 1886 when the British authorities built a "prison for the insane" near the City Prison in Rangoon (later known as Yangon) in order to merely contain the mentally ill people, starting with 50 inmates. In 1926 soon after the First World War, a new facility named Tadagalay was established at 8 miles from Yangon, with 250 residents. The asylum was named after a village nearby called Tadagalay which means a small bridge. During the Second World War, most of the buildings in the asylum were destroyed as it was occupied by the Japanese army.[3]

Although a temporary accommodation was provided for 45 patients near the Insein Prison during 1945, all patients were transferred back to Tadagalay after a year. Dr. Walter Chit Tun, one of Burma's First Great Myanmar and a Burmese movie star served as Superintendent of Rangoon Mental Hospital (Tadalay) before 1947. Along with the independence of the country, name of the asylum was changed into the Mental Hospital.[4]

During 1951, the remarkable year for psychiatric care in Myanmar, the first qualified psychiatrist at the mental hospital named Dr. Ne Win returned to the country from London after his psychiatric training. He replaced the custodial care, such as isolating patients and using of straitjacket, with hospital-based care. He became the Medical Superintendent in 1960. Later, the hospital was renamed as State Mental Hospital in 1962 and as Rangoon Psychiatric Hospital in 1967. Thus, he is known to be the "Father of Psychiatry" in the country nowadays.[4]

In 2000s, all patients were transferred to the recent hospital in Ywar Thar Gyi, which was later called as the Mental Health Hospital.

Teaching programs

The Yangon Mental Health Hospital is also one of the teaching hospitals affiliated with University of Medicine 1, Yangon.[5]

See also

• List of hospitals in Yangon

References

1. "စိတ်ကျန်းမာရေး ဆေးရုံတွင် စွန့်ပစ်လူနာများ များပြားလာ၍ ရပ်တည်ရန်ခတ်ခဲနေ". Mizzima News. Retrieved 2014-09-22.
2. "WHO aims report on mental health system in Myanmar" (PDF). WHO. Retrieved 2014-09-25.
3. "Psychiatric services in Myanmar A historical perspective". Psychiatric Bulletin. Retrieved 2014-09-14.
4. "The influence of Burmese Buddhist understandings of suffering on the subjective experience and social perceptions of schizophrenia". Psychiatric Bulletin. Retrieved 2014-09-14.
5. "Teaching Hospitals". University of Medicine 1, Yangon. Retrieved 2014-09-01.