Winifred Hackett

Winifred Hackett (2 October 1906 – 3 June 1994) was an electrical and aeronautical engineer who worked on guided weapon systems and the DEUCE computer.

Winifred Hackett
Born2 October 1906
Kings Norton
Died3 June 1994
OccupationEngineer

Early life and education

Hackett was born in Kings Norton, an area of Birmingham on 2 October 1906.

She attended King Edward’s Girls’ High School in Edgebaston, Birmingham. Hackett was an exceptional student and won a scholarship whilst at the school. She originally planned to study architecture and for a time attended UCL with this purpose, but decided to change academic direction, returning to Birmingham to study engineering instead.[1]

In 1929 Hackett was the first woman to graduate from the University of Birmingham with an engineering degree[2][3], and won the prize for the 'Best Engineer in the University of Birmingham' in 1930[3]. Hackett’s academic success resulted in the award of the Bowen Scholarship for Electrical Engineering, which enabled her to stay on to earn an MSc.[4] A further grant by from the Institution of Electrical Engineers' War Thanksgiving Education and Research Fund in 1930 supported her a to earn a PhD on selenium cells, again at the University of Birmingham.[5]

She then became an aeronautical engineer.

Career

Hackett’s first job was at the British Electrical and Allied Industries Research Association at Perivale[6] and then Leatherhead, where she worked as a Junior Technical Assistant.[5] During this time she was researching dielectrics and published a number of papers on dielectrics, capacitors and DC design.[7]

By the 1950s Hackett was head of the Guided Weapons Division at aerospace and defence company English Electric, working on Mathematical Physics,[8][9] and based first in Luton and later in Stevenage. She was in charge of the DEUCE computer and its programming on punched cards and paper tape. The Deuce was a commercialised version of Alan Turing’s ACE computer. of which 33 were sold and which had a library of over 1,000 programmes.[2] The period when Hackett ran the guided weapons division also saw the development of the Thunderbird surface to air missile and other ballistic missiles.[2]

In the early 1960s Hackett joined the Manchester Business School as a Senior Research Fellow[10] where she undertook statistical analysis.[11] It was here that the future software designer Judy Butland became her mathematical assistant and computer.[12]

Memberships and personal life

Having been involved with the Women’s Engineering Society since 1929, particularly the Manchester branch, in 1943 Hackett was elected to the governing council. In August that year she chaired a meeting which set up a branch in Birmingham, and shortly afterwards was elected vice president of the main organisation.[7] She became the President of the Women's Engineering Society (WES) in 1946,[13] succeeding Margaret Partridge in the role. Hackett's successor as president was Frances Heywood.

Hackett was a member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers.[8]

Hackett's interests included fashion and the theatre, and very accurate map reading. Even in retirement, when her own health was suffering, she devised various aids for disabled people.[4]

Winifred Hackett died in on 3 June 1994.[2]

Selected publications

The electric strength of mica and its variation with temperature Hackett,Winifred et al.Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers - Part I: General(1941),88(8):295[14]

gollark: Fine. I WILL investigate mod options.
gollark: Funny, because my axioms say you are made of pure memetic beeite.
gollark: Anyway, I could provide some constraint like "find the simplest ones" but I don't know how the rigorous mathematical definitions of "simple" work.
gollark: Oh, right; `* → *`.
gollark: Electromagnetic. Your brain is connected to GTech™ apificational arrays.

References
  1. "The Woman Engineer Vol 6". www2.theiet.org. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
  2. "Engineer of the Week". Magnificent Women.
  3. "University of Birmingham".
  4. "Obituary". The Woman Engineer. 15: 82.
  5. "The Woman Engineer Vol 3". www2.theiet.org. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
  6. "The Woman Engineer Vol 4". www2.theiet.org. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
  7. "The Woman Engineer Vol 5". www2.theiet.org. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
  8. "Engineering womanpower". Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. 3 (34): 542–. doi:10.1049/jiee-3.1957.0264.
  9. "Articles - A century celebrating women engineers". www.ingenia.org.uk. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
  10. "The Woman Engineer Vol 10". www2.theiet.org. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
  11. Gowler, Dan (1969). "Determinants of the Supply of Labour to the Firm 1". Journal of Management Studies. 6 (1): 73–95. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1969.tb00582.x. ISSN 1467-6486.
  12. "Judy Butland, software designer". www.yorkshirepost.co.uk. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
  13. "Presidents Past and Present". Women's Engineering Society.
  14. Hackett, Winifred; Morris Thomas, A. (1941). "The electric strength of mica and its variation with temperature". Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers - Part I: General. 88 (8): 295–303. doi:10.1049/ji-1.1941.0068. ISSN 2054-0582.
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