Wilhelm Schmalz

Wilhelm Schmalz (1 March 1901 – 14 March 1983) was a German general (Generalleutnant) in the Wehrmacht during World War II and a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany. Schmalz surrendered to the American troops in May 1945.

Wilhelm Schmalz
Born(1901-03-01)1 March 1901
Reußen
Died14 March 1983(1983-03-14) (aged 82)
Braunfels
Allegiance Weimar Republic
 Nazi Germany
Service/branchArmy
Luftwaffe
RankGeneralleutnant
Commands heldFallschirm-Panzer Division 1 Hermann Göring
Battles/warsWorld War II
AwardsKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves

Schmalz was accused of war crimes in Italy, among them the Civitella in Val di Chiana massacre on 29 June 1944 where 146 civilians were murdered by soldiers of the Fallschirm-Panzer Division 1 Hermann Göring. He was tried, but acquitted of the charges, by a court in Rome on 12 July 1950.[1]

Awards and decorations
  • Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (14 September 1939) & 1st Class (16 October 1939)[2]
  • German Cross in Gold on 8 February 1942 as Major in Kradschützen-Bataillon 59[3]
  • Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
    • Knight's Cross on 28 November 1940 as Major and commander of I./Kavallerie-Schützen-Regiment 11[4]
    • 358th Oak Leaves on 23 December 1943 as Oberst and commander of Panzerbrigade z.b.V. der Panzer-Division "Hermann Göring"[5]
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References

Citations
  1. "CIVITELLA IN VAL DI CHIANA 29.06.1944". Atlas of Nazi and Fascist Massacres in Italy. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
  2. Thomas 1998, p. 262.
  3. Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 410.
  4. Fellgiebel 2000, p. 308.
  5. Fellgiebel 2000, p. 65.

Bibliography
  • Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
  • Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
Military offices
Preceded by
Oberst Paul Conrath		 Commander of Fallschirm-Panzer Division 1 Hermann Göring
16 April 1944 - 30 September 1944		 Succeeded by
Generalmajor Hanns-Horst von Necker
Preceded by
None		 Commander of Fallschirm-Panzerkorps Hermann Göring
4 October 1944 - 8 May 1945		 Succeeded by
None
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