Wilderness Union order of battle

The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of the Wilderness (May 5–7, 1864) of the American Civil War. The Confederate order of battle is listed separately. Order of battle compiled from the army organization[1] May 5, 1864,[2] the casualty returns[3] and the reports.[4]

Abbreviations used

Military rank

Other

Forces operating against Richmond

LTG Ulysses S. Grant, General-in-Chief, Union Armies

Escort:

  • 5th United States Cavalry, Companies B, F and K: Cpt Julius W. Mason

IX Corps

MG Ambrose Burnside[5]

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
     BG Thomas G. Stevenson

1st Brigade


   Col Sumner Carruth[6]
   Col Jacob P. Gould

2nd Brigade


   Col Daniel Leasure

  • 3rd Maryland: Col Joseph M. Sudsburg
  • 21st Massachusetts: Ltc George P. Hawkes
  • 100th Pennsylvania: Ltc Matthew M. Dawson
Artillery

Second Division
     BG Robert B. Potter

1st Brigade


   Col Zenas Bliss[6]
   Col John I. Curtin

2nd Brigade


   Col Simon G. Griffin

  • 31st Maine: Ltc Thomas Hight
  • 32nd Maine: Maj Arthur Deering
  • 6th New Hampshire: Ltc Henry H. Pearson
  • 9th New Hampshire: Ltc John W. Babbitt
  • 11th New Hampshire: Col Walter Harriman (c) Ltc Moses Collins (k)
  • 17th Vermont: Ltc Charles Cummings (w), Maj William B. Reynolds
Artillery

Third Division
     BG Orlando B. Willcox

1st Brigade


   Col John F. Hartranft

2nd Brigade


   Col Benjamin C. Christ

Artillery
  • Maine Light, 7th Battery (G): Cpt Adelbert B. Twitchell
  • New York Light, 34th Battery: Cpt Jacob Roemer

Fourth Division[12]
     BG Edward Ferrero

1st Brigade


   Col Joshua K. Sigfried

2nd Brigade


   Col Henry G. Thomas

Artillery
  • Pennsylvania Light, Battery D: Cpt George W. Durell
  • Vermont Light, 3rd Battery: Cpt Romeo H. Start

Reporting directly

Provost Guard
Cavalry
  • 3rd New Jersey: Col Andrew J. Morrison
  • 22nd New York: Col Samuel J. Crooks
  • 2nd Ohio: Ltc George A. Purington
  • 13th Pennsylvania: Maj Michael Kerwin
Reserve Artillery


   Cpt John Edwards, Jr.

  • New York Light, 27th Battery: Cpt John B. Eaton
  • 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery D: Cpt William W. Buckley
  • 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery H: Cpt Crawford Allen, Jr.
  • 2nd United States, Battery E: Lt James S. Dudley
  • 3rd United States, Battery G: Lt Edmund Pendleton
  • 3rd United States, Batteries L and M: Lt Erskine Gittings
Provisional Brigade


   Col Elisha Marshall

  • 24th New York Cavalry (dismounted): Col William C. Raulston
  • 14th New York Heavy Artillery: Ltc Clarence H. Corning
  • 2nd Pennsylvania Provisional Heavy Artillery: Col Thomas Wilhelm

Army of the Potomac

MG George Meade

General Staff:

General Headquarters:

Provost Guard: BG Marsena R. Patrick

  • 1st Massachusetts Cavalry, Companies C and D: Cpt Edward A. Flint
  • 80th New York (20th Militia): Col Theodore B. Gates
  • 3rd Pennsylvania Cavalry: Maj James W. Walsh
  • 68th Pennsylvania: Ltc Robert E. Winslow
  • 114th Pennsylvania: Col Charles H. T. Collis

Engineer Troops:

  • 50th New York Engineers (11 Companies): Ltc Ira Spaulding
  • Battalion United States Engineers: Cpt George H. Mendell

Guards and Orderlies:

  • Independent Company Oneida (New York) Cavalry: Cpt Daniel P. Mann

II Corps

MG Winfield S. Hancock

Escort:

  • 1st Vermont Cavalry, Company M: Cpt John H. Hazelton
Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
     BG Francis C. Barlow

1st Brigade


   Col Nelson A. Miles

  • 26th Michigan: Maj Lemuel Saviers
  • 61st New York: Ltc K. Oscar Broady
  • 81st Pennsylvania: Col H. Boyd McKeen
  • 140th Pennsylvania: Col John Fraser
  • 183rd Pennsylvania: Col George P. McLean
2nd Brigade


   Col Thomas A. Smyth

  • 28th Massachusetts: Ltc George W. Cartwright
  • 63rd New York: Maj Thomas Touhy (mw)
  • 69th New York: Cpt Richard Moroney
  • 88th New York: Cpt Denis F. Burke
  • 116th Pennsylvania: Ltc Richard C. Dale
3rd Brigade


   Col Paul Frank

4th Brigade


   Col John R. Brooke

  • 2nd Delaware: Col William P. Bailey
  • 64th New York: Maj Leman W. Bradley
  • 66th New York: Ltc John S. Hammell
  • 53rd Pennsylvania: Ltc Richards McMichael
  • 145th Pennsylvania: Col Hiram L. Brown
  • 148th Pennsylvania: Col James A. Beaver

Second Division
     BG John Gibbon

1st Brigade


   BG Alexander S. Webb

2nd Brigade


   BG Joshua T. Owen

  • 152nd New York: Ltc George W. Thompson
  • 69th Pennsylvania: Maj William Davis
  • 71st Pennsylvania: Ltc Charles Kochersperger
  • 72nd Pennsylvania: Col De Witt C. Baxter
  • 106th Pennsylvania: Cpt Robert H. Ford
3rd Brigade


   Col Samuel S. Carroll (w)[14]

  • 14th Connecticut: Col Theodore G. Ellis
  • 1st Delaware: Ltc Daniel Woodall
  • 14th Indiana: Col John Coons
  • 12th New Jersey: Ltc Thomas H. Davis
  • 10th New York Battalion: Cpt George M. Dewey (w)
  • 108th New York: Col Charles J. Powers (w)
  • 4th Ohio: Ltc Leonard W. Carpenter
  • 8th Ohio: Ltc Franklin Sawyer
  • 7th West Virginia: Ltc Jonathan H. Lockwood
Provost Guard
  • 2nd Company Minnesota Sharpshooters: Cpt Mahlon Black

Third Division
     MG David B. Birney

1st Brigade


   BG J. H. Hobart Ward

2nd Brigade


   BG Alexander Hays (k)
   Col John S. Crocker

  • 4th Maine: Col Elijah Walker
  • 17th Maine: Col George W. West
  • 3rd Michigan: Col Byron R. Pierce
  • 5th Michigan: Ltc John Pulford
  • 93rd New York: Col John S. Crocker, Maj Samuel McConihe
  • 57th Pennsylvania: Col Peter Sides
  • 63rd Pennsylvania: Ltc John A. Danks, Maj George B. McCullough (k)
  • 105th Pennsylvania: Col Calvin A. Craig (w) Ltc J. W. Greenawalt (mw)
  • 1st United States Sharpshooters: Maj Charles P. Mattocks

Fourth Division
     BG Gershom Mott

1st Brigade


   Col Robert McAllister

  • 1st Massachusetts: Col Napoleon B. McLaughlen
  • 16th Massachusetts: Ltc Waldo Merriam
  • 5th New Jersey: Col William J. Sewell
  • 6th New Jersey: Ltc Stephen R. Gilkyson
  • 7th New Jersey: Maj Frederick Cooper
  • 8th New Jersey: Col John Ramsey
  • 11th New Jersey: Ltc John Schoonover
  • 26th Pennsylvania: Maj Samuel G. Moffett
  • 115th Pennsylvania: Maj William A. Reilly
2nd Brigade


   Col William R. Brewster

Artillery Brigade


   Col John C. Tidball

V Corps

MG Gouverneur K. Warren

Provost Guard:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
     BG Charles Griffin

1st Brigade


   BG Romeyn B. Ayres

2nd Brigade


   Col Jacob B. Sweitzer

3rd Brigade


   BG Joseph J. Bartlett

Second Division
     BG John C. Robinson

1st Brigade


   Col Samuel H. Leonard
   Col Peter Lyle[17]

  • 16th Maine:[18] Col Charles W. Tilden
  • 13th Massachusetts: Cpt Charles H. Hovey
  • 39th Massachusetts: Col Phineas S. Davis
  • 104th New York: Col Gilbert G. Prey
2nd Brigade


   BG Henry Baxter (w)
   Col Richard Coulter

3rd Brigade


   Col Andrew W. Denison

  • 1st Maryland: Maj Benjamin H. Schley
  • 4th Maryland: Col Richard N. Bowerman
  • 7th Maryland: Col Charles E. Phelps
  • 8th Maryland: Ltc John G. Johannes

Third Division
     BG Samuel W. Crawford

1st Brigade


   Col William McCandless (w)

3rd Brigade


   Col Joseph W. Fisher

Fourth Division
     BG James S. Wadsworth (mw)
     BG Lysander Cutler

1st Brigade


   BG Lysander Cutler
   Col William W. Robinson

2nd Brigade


   BG James C. Rice

  • 76th New York: Ltc John E. Cook (w)
  • 84th New York (14th Militia): Col Edward B. Fowler
  • 95th New York: Col Edward Pye
  • 147th New York: Col Francis C. Miller (w&c)
  • 56th Pennsylvania: Col J. William Hofmann
3rd Brigade


   Col Roy Stone[20]
   Col Edward S. Bragg

  • 121st Pennsylvania: Cpt Samuel T. Lloyd
  • 142nd Pennsylvania: Maj Horatio N. Warren
  • 143rd Pennsylvania: Col Edmund L. Dana
  • 149th Pennsylvania: Ltc John Irvin
  • 150th Pennsylvania: Cpt George W. Jones
Artillery Brigade


   Col Charles S. Wainwright

VI Corps

MG John Sedgwick

Escort:

  • 8th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Company A: Cpt Charles E. Fellows
Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
     BG Horatio Wright

1st Brigade


   Col Henry W. Brown

  • 1st New Jersey: Ltc William Henry, Jr.
  • 2nd New Jersey: Ltc Charles Wiebecke
  • 3rd New Jersey: Cpt Samuel T. DuBois
  • 4th New Jersey: Ltc Charles Ewing
  • 10th New Jersey: Col Henry O. Ryerson (k)
  • 15th New Jersey: Col William H. Penrose
2nd Brigade


   Col Emory Upton

  • 5th Maine: Col Clark S. Edwards
  • 121st New York: Ltc Egbert Olcott (w)
  • 95th Pennsylvania: Ltc Edward Carroll (k)
  • 96th Pennsylvania: Ltc William H. Lessig
3rd Brigade


   BG David A. Russell

  • 6th Maine: Maj George Fuller
  • 49th Pennsylvania: Col Thomas M. Hulings
  • 119th Pennsylvania: Maj Henry P. Truefitt, Jr.
  • 5th Wisconsin: Ltc Theodore B. Catlin
4th Brigade


   BG Alexander Shaler (c)
   Col Nelson Cross

Second Division[21]
     BG George W. Getty (w)
     BG Frank Wheaton
     BG Thomas H. Neill

1st Brigade


   BG Frank Wheaton

  • 62nd New York: Col David J. Nevin
  • 93rd Pennsylvania: Ltc John S. Long, Maj John I. Nevin (w)
  • 98th Pennsylvania: Col John F. Ballier
  • 102nd Pennsylvania: Col John W. Patterson (k)
  • 139th Pennsylvania: Ltc William H. Moody, Maj Abraham H. Snyder (k)
2nd Brigade


   Col Lewis A. Grant

  • 2nd Vermont: Col Newton Stone (k), Ltc John S. Tyler (mw)
  • 3rd Vermont: Col Thomas O. Seaver
  • 4th Vermont: Col George P. Foster (w)
  • 5th Vermont: Ltc John R. Lewis (w)
  • 6th Vermont: Col Elisha L. Barney (mw)
3rd Brigade


   BG Thomas H. Neill
   Col Daniel D. Bidwell

4th Brigade


   BG Henry L. Eustis

  • 7th Massachusetts: Col Thomas D. Johns
  • 10th Massachusetts: Ltc Joseph B. Parsons
  • 37th Massachusetts: Col Oliver Edwards
  • 2nd Rhode Island: Ltc Samuel B. M. Read

Third Division
     BG James B. Ricketts

1st Brigade


   BG William H. Morris

2nd Brigade


   BG Truman Seymour (c)
   Col Benjamin F. Smith

  • 6th Maryland: Col John W. Horn
  • 110th Ohio: Col J. Warren Keifer (w), Maj William S. McElwain (k)
  • 122nd Ohio: Col William H. Ball
  • 126th Ohio: Col Benjamin F. Smith
  • 67th Pennsylvania (detachment): Cpt George W. Guss
  • 138th Pennsylvania: Col Matthew R. McClennan
Artillery Brigade


   Col Charles H. Tompkins

Cavalry Corps

MG Philip H. Sheridan

Escort:

  • 6th United States: Cpt Ira W. Claflin (Headquarter)
  • 8th Illinois (detachment): Lt William W. Long (Third Division)
Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
     BG Alfred T. A. Torbert[22]
     BG Wesley Merritt

1st Brigade


   BG George A. Custer

2nd Brigade


   Col Thomas Devin

  • 4th New York:[23] Ltc William R. Parnell
  • 6th New York: Ltc William H. Crocker
  • 9th New York: Col William Sackett
  • 17th Pennsylvania: Ltc James Q. Anderson (w&c)
Reserve Brigade


   BG Wesley Merritt
   Col Alfred Gibbs

Second Division
   BG David McM. Gregg

1st Brigade


   BG Henry E. Davies, Jr.

  • 1st Massachusetts: Maj Lucius M. Sargent
  • 1st New Jersey: Ltc John W. Kester
  • 6th Ohio: Col William Stedman
  • 1st Pennsylvania: Col John P. Taylor
2nd Brigade


   Col J. Irvin Gregg

  • 1st Maine: Col Charles H. Smith
  • 10th New York: Maj M. Henry Avery
  • 2nd Pennsylvania: Ltc Joseph P. Brinton
  • 4th Pennsylvania: Ltc George H. Covode
  • 8th Pennsylvania: Ltc Samuel Wilson
  • 16th Pennsylvania: Ltc John K. Robison

Third Division
     BG James H. Wilson

1st Brigade


   Col Timothy M. Bryan, Jr.
   Col John B. McIntosh[24]

  • 1st Connecticut: Maj Erastus Blakeslee
  • 2nd New York: Col Otto Harhaus
  • 5th New York: Ltc John Hammond
  • 18th Pennsylvania: Ltc William P. Brinton, Col Timothy M. Bryan, Jr.
2nd Brigade


   Col George H. Chapman

  • 3rd Indiana: Maj William Patton
  • 8th New York: Ltc William H. Benjamin
  • 1st Vermont: Ltc Addison W. Preston
1st Brigade Horse Artillery


   Cpt James M. Robertson

  • New York Light, 6th Battery: Cpt Joseph W. Martin
  • 2nd United States, Batteries B and L: Lt Edward Heaton
  • 2nd United States, Battery D: Lt Edward B. Williston
  • 2nd United States, Battery M: Lt Alexander C. M. Pennington, Jr.
  • 4th United States, Battery A: Lt Rufus King, Jr.
  • 4th United States, Batteries C and E: Lt Charles L. Fitzhugh

Artillery

BG Henry J. Hunt[25][26]

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

Artillery Reserve
     Col Henry S. Burton

1st Brigade


   Col J. Howard Kitching

2nd Brigade


   Maj John A. Tompkins

3rd Brigade


   Maj Robert H. Fitzhugh

  • Massachusetts Light, 9th Battery: Cpt John Bigelow
  • New York Light, 15th Battery: Cpt Patrick Hart
  • 1st New York Light, Battery C: Lt William H. Phillips
  • New York Light, 11th Battery: Cpt John E. Burton
  • 1st Ohio Light, Battery H: Lt William A. Ewing
  • 5th United States, Battery E: Lt John R. Brinckle
2nd Brigade Horse Artillery[12]


   Cpt Dunbar R. Ransom

  • 1st United States, Batteries E and G: Lt Frank S. French
  • 1st United States, Batteries H and I: Cpt Alanson M. Randol
  • 1st United States, Battery K: Lt John Egan
  • 2nd United States, Battery A: Lt Robert Clarke
  • 2nd United States, Battery G: Lt William N. Dennison
  • 3rd United States, Batteries C, F, and K: Lt James R. Kelly
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See also

Notes

  1. Multiple commander names indicate command succession of command during the battle or the campaign.
  2. Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 106-116
  3. Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 119-136
  4. Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 1162-1168
  5. The IX Corps was under the direct orders of Lieutenant General Grant until May 24, 1864, when it was assigned to the Army of the Potomac. (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 169)
  6. Sun-struck May 6, 1864
  7. Train guard; not engaged
  8. Train guard
  9. 1st and 2nd Companies Michigan Sharpshooters attached
  10. Detached at Warrenton Junction; rejoined Brigade on May 7, 1864 (see: Cutcheon's report)
  11. 9th and 10th Companies Ohio Sharpshooters attached
  12. Not engaged
  13. Detachment 7th New York attached
  14. Wounded, but did not relinquish command (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battle of the Wilderness May 56, 1864, page 395)
  15. 2nd Company Massachusetts Sharpshooters attached
  16. Brady's Company Sharpshooters attached
  17. Assigned May 6, 1864
  18. Small detachment of the 107th Pennsylvania attached
  19. Assigned to First Brigade May 7, 1864
  20. Accidentally disabled May 6, 1864
  21. Brigadier General Getty was wounded May 6, 1864, and was succeeded in command of the First, Second, and Fourth Brigades by Brigadier General Wheaton, who was relieved by Brigadier General Neill early on the morning of May 7, 1864, when the Division was reunited
  22. Relinquished command, on account of sickness May 7, 1864
  23. Detached guarding trains and prisoners
  24. Assigned May 5, 1864
  25. Chief of Artillery to the whole Army
  26. 1st Brigade Horse Artillery detached with Cavalry Corps; 2nd Brigade Horse Artillery attached to the Artillery Reserve (see: Hunt's report)

References

  • Rhea, Gordon C. The Battle of the Wilderness May 56, 1864. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1994. ISBN 0-8071-3021-4
  • U.S. War Department, The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, U.S. Government Printing Office, 18801901.
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