Whitehaven (Paducah, Kentucky)

Whitehaven (the Anderson-Smith House) is a historic house in Paducah, Kentucky, in use since 1983 as the Kentucky welcome center on I-24 near the state border with Illinois. It is the only historic house in the United States also used as a rest area.[2] The house was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on March 1, 1984.

Whitehaven
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Whitehaven, 2016
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Location	Lone Oak Road, off I-24, Paducah, Kentucky
Coordinates	37°3′3″N 88°39′10″W
Built	1865, 1907
Architect	A. L. Lassiter
Architectural style	Classical revival
NRHP reference No.	84001824 [1]
Added to NRHP	1984

Construction

In 1865, tobacco dealer Edward L. Anderson completed construction of a simple two-story, brick farmhouse, the bricks for which had been fired in a pit on the grounds.[3] The house remained in the Anderson family until sold to Ed L. Atkins in 1903. Atkins commissioned his friend, architect Alda Lafayette Lassiter to remodel the house in the Classical Revival style. Lassiter added a grand staircase, elaborate plaster ceilings with crown molding, and a large portico with eight Corinthian columns. The house was painted white, and Adkins named it Whitehaven.[4]

In 1908, after the death of Atkins' wife, Atkins sold the house to James P. Smith, mayor of Paducah. The Smiths made many changes, hiring Marshall Fields to do interior decorating. Smith added a storm shelter in the back yard and converted the attic into additional bedrooms for their six children.[5] Nell Smith changed the name of the now-22-room house to "Bide-A-Wee" ("Stay awhile") to honor her Scottish heritage, and she and her daughter created formal gardens on the property.[6]

Decline

The last member of the Smith family moved out of the house in 1968, and it was left with caretakers who seem to have both abused the house and sold fixtures from it. After the caretakers themselves moved out in 1979, vandals broke every remaining pane of glass but one, and water damage rotted ceilings, floors, and portico. A portion of the east wall collapsed.[7]

Restoration

In 1981 the Smith family sold the 32-acre parcel to Paducah Junior College, which planned to use the property in expanding the college. The college did not want to demolish the house, but it did not have the money to restore it either. Later that year, Kentucky governor John Y. Brown Jr. and Kentucky Secretary of Transportation Frank Metts decided that the house could serve as the I-24 welcome center. There was opposition from other tourism-dependent counties, which wanted a modern welcome center nearer the interstate highway and the Ohio River and believed that restoring the mansion benefited Paducah and McCracken County at the expense of other, nearby tourist areas. [8]

After a brief archaeological investigation, the house was carefully restored using as much original material as possible.[9] The kitchen wing was partially demolished and the remainder adapted to serve as a welcome center, with restrooms, information desk, and storage areas. Three outbuildings—the gazebo, storm shelter, and carriage house—were also saved and repurposed. Part of the second floor of the house was devoted to displaying memorabilia of Kentucky politician and US vice president Alben Barkley (1877-1956). The welcome center, renamed "Whitehaven," was officially opened on June 23, 1983.[10]

References

1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008.
2. PorterBriggs.com
3. National Register nomination form. A separate brick kitchen was built behind the house.
4. National Register nomination form. At this time, the area between the main house and the kitchen was enclosed and made into a butler's pantry.
5. Nomination form. "Double dormer windows were installed to provide light to this area. The walls of the play area were stenciled in an Oriental motif with pagodas and willow trees."
6. Richard Holland, Whitehaven: Rebirth of a Southern Mansion (Kuttawa, KY: McClanahan Publishing House, 1989), 11-28.
7. Holland, 29-33; Nomination form. "[T]he house took on a ghostly, abandoned appearance reminiscent of a scene out of a William Faulkner novel."
8. "Smith Mansion plan is attractive," Paducah Sun, April 12, 1982. The Whitehaven project was strongly supported by Edwin "Jack" Paxton (1939-1985), editor of the Paducah Sun.
9. Holland, 49-98.
10. Holland, 99-115, 131-33.