West Carmarthenshire (UK Parliament constituency)

West Carmarthenshire was a parliamentary constituency in Wales which returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

West Carmarthenshire
Former County constituency for the House of Commons
Carmathenshire boundaries
1885–1918
Number of members	one
Replaced by	Carmarthen
Created from	Carmarthenshire

It was created for the 1885 general election, when the old two-member Carmarthenshire constituency was divided into two new single-member seats: East Carmarthenshire and West Carmarthenshire, both of which were in turn abolished for the 1918 general election.

Boundaries

The constituency included the Sessional Divisions of Carmarthen, Llanboidy, Llanfihangel-ar-Arth, Newcastle Emlyn, and St Clears, and parts of the Sessional Divisions of Llandilo and Llandovery. It was an almost exclusively rural and agricultural constituency, with the only significant industry being the tinplate works at Kidwelly in the extreme south of the constituency and the woollen mills around Newcastle Emlyn.[1]

Members of Parliament

Election		Member	Party
	1885	W. R. H. Powell	Liberal
	1889	John Lloyd Morgan	Liberal
	1910, December	John Hinds	Liberal
1918		constituency abolished

History

1885-88

At the first election in 1885, the two sitting members for the former constituency of Carmarthenshire faced each other. The Conservative candidate, Viscount Emlyn, although most of his family property lay in the eastern part of the county, calculated that his chances there would be negligible given the growing industrial population which had been a key factor in the triumph of the Liberal candidate, Edward Sartoris at the 1868 general election. He was opposed by the Liberal W.R.H. Powell, himself a former Conservative supporter who had first declared his support for the Liberals at the 1874 election. Powell now proclaimed that he had a duty to the Liberal cause to oppose Emlyn.[2]

It was reported that the Conservatives were confident of their chances in the new West Carmarthenshire constituency, on the grounds that it was largely an agricultural division. However, the electorate had more than doubled in the county, and the 1885 electorate in the Western Division alone exceeded that of the combined county seat in 1880.[1] However, the overwhelmingly nonconformist character of the constituency was regarded as a distinct advantage to the Liberal candidate, and the influence of the chapels predicted to be decisive in view of their direct influence over rural agricultural communities.[1]

After a vigorous contest, Powell won a decisive victory.[3]

By the next election the following year, Emlyn had retired from the fray, and Powell increased his majority significantly.[4]

Emlyn

General election 1885: West Carmarthenshire[3][5]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	W. R. H. Powell	4,568	60.8	N/A
	Conservative	Frederick Campbell	2,942	39.2	N/A
Majority			1,626	21.6	N/A
Turnout			7,510	75.3	N/A
Registered electors			9,969
	Liberal win (new seat)

General election 1886: West Carmarthenshire[4][5]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	W. R. H. Powell	4,181	68.6	+7.8
	Liberal Unionist	James Lawrence	1,916	31.4	-7.8
Majority			2,265	37.2	+15.6
Turnout			6,097	61.2	-14.1
Registered electors			9,969
	Liberal hold		Swing	+7.8

1889 by-election

Powell died in 1889. After a short campaign he was succeeded by John Lloyd Morgan who comfortably won the by-election.[6]

Morgan

1889 West Carmarthenshire by-election[6][5]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Lloyd Morgan	4,252	62.7	-5.9
	Conservative	Hugh Williams-Drummond	2,533	37.3	+5.9
Majority			1,719	25.4	-11.8
Turnout			6,785	72.3	+11.1
Registered electors			9,379
	Liberal hold		Swing	-5.9

1890-1910

Morgan was returned unopposed in 1890. In 1895, however, the Conservatives had their best result in the history the constituency, and their candidate, W.J. Buckley of Llanelli, fought a vigorous campaign supported by local landowners.[7] He was still, however, some distance short of victory.

Lloyd Morgan was opposed for the first time for fifteen years at the first General Election of 1910. His opponent, a Welsh-speaking barrister from Manchester, fought a vigorous campaign but made little impression. Later that year it was announced that Morgan was being made a judge and would not contest the second General Election.[8]

General election 1892: West Carmarthenshire[5]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Lloyd Morgan	Unopposed
	Liberal hold

General election 1895: West Carmarthenshire[5][9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Lloyd Morgan	4,143	57.2	N/A
	Liberal Unionist	William Joseph Buckley	3,103	42.8	N/A
Majority			1,040	14.4	N/A
Turnout			7,246	79.7	N/A
Registered electors			9,097
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

General election 1900: West Carmarthenshire[5]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Lloyd Morgan	Unopposed
	Liberal hold

General election 1906: West Carmarthenshire[5]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Lloyd Morgan	Unopposed
	Liberal hold

1908 West Carmarthenshire by-election[5]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Lloyd Morgan	Unopposed
	Liberal hold

General election January 1910: West Carmarthenshire[5][10]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Lloyd Morgan	5,684	73.4	N/A
	Conservative	John William Jones Cremlin	2,059	26.6	N/A
Majority			3,625	46.8	N/A
Turnout			7,743	82.1	N/A
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

The second 1910 general election

Six candidates contested the nomination, including Sir Owen Philipps, who had latterly stood down as member for Pembroke Boroughs, and Courtenay Mansel. The final choice was between John Hinds, a native of Carmarthen who was now a successful businessman in London and Henry Jones-Davies, who was both a prominent member of Carmarthenshire County Council and brother-in-law of the late Liberal politician, Tom Ellis. Jones-Davies had led throughout the Hinds won the final ballot by 188 votes against 186.[11]

At the election that followed, Hinds was opposed by Jones Cremlyn, who was once again the Conservative candidate. It was suggested at one stage that the Rev Arthur Fuller Mills of Carmarthen, chairman of Carmarthenshire County Council, would contest the seat as an independent but the rumour proved unfounded.[12] Jones Cremlyn fought vigorous campaign, which was enthusiastically supported by the Carmarthen Journal and addressed meetings throughout the constituency, travelling from village to village by motor car.[13]

Following the election, a Carmarthen Journal editorial complained about the dominance of the Liberals in the constituency and the means by which nonconformist ministers sustained them.[14]

Hinds

General election December 1910: West Carmarthenshire[5][10]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Hinds	5,076	71.4	-2.0
	Conservative	John William Jones Cremlin	2,036	28.6	+2.0
Majority			3,040	42.8	-4.0
Turnout			7,112	75.4	-6.7
	Liberal hold		Swing	-2.0

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, Alfred Stephens of Kidwelly had been chosen to oppose John Hinds.[15]

References

1. "Election Prospects in South Wales. Carmarthenshire,". South Wales Daily News. 2 November 1885. p. 3. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
2. "Liberal Meeting at Newcastle Emlyn". South Wales Daily News. 24 October 1885. p. 3. Retrieved 14 September 2015.
3. "West Carmarthen, Return of Mr Powell". South Wales Daily News. 4 December 1885. p. 3. Retrieved 14 September 2015.
4. "West Carmarthen, Triumphant Return of the Ministerial Candidate". South Wales Daily News. 17 July 1886. p. 3. Retrieved 14 September 2015.
5. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
6. "West Carmarthenshire Election". Carmarthen Journal. 19 July 1889. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
7. "West Carmarthenshire". Welshman. 19 July 1895. p. 3. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
8. "Editorial". Carmarthen Journal. 18 November 1910. Retrieved 13 December 2014.
9. Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
10. Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
11. "The Fight for West Wales". Carmarthen Journal. 25 November 1910. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
12. "Notes of the Week". Carmarthen Journal. 18 November 1910. Retrieved 13 December 2014.
13. "West Carmarthenshire. Enthusiastic Receptions for the Unionist Candidate". Carmarthen Journal. 9 December 1910. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
14. "Why and Wherefore (editorial)". Carmarthen Journal. 16 December 1910. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
15. Western Mail 24 Jul 1914