Verbesina encelioides

Verbesina encelioides is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. The species is native to many parts of the United States and Mexico.[1] It is naturalized in other parts of North America, the Middle East, Spain, Argentina, Australia and the Pacific islands.[2] Common names include golden crownbeard,[3] gold weed, wild sunflower,[4] cowpen daisy, butter daisy, crown-beard, American dogweed and South African daisy.[1][5]

"Golden crownbeard" redirects here. For similarly name plants, see Yellow crownbeard.

Verbesina encelioides
A plant in flower near Valle, Arizona
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
Order:	Asterales
Family:	Asteraceae
Genus:	Verbesina
Species:	V. encelioides
Binomial name
Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. &Hook.f. ex A.Gray
Synonyms
Ximenesia encelioides Cav.

The species responds strongly to disturbances on suitable sites and retards the development of other local species. Research has identified an allelopathic effect on radishes[6] which may explain its ability to dominate other species in some locations.

It is a larval host for the bordered patch[7].

References

1. "Verbesina encelioides". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 2008-01-15.
2. "Crown Beard (Verbesina encelioides)". Victorian Resources Online. Department of Primary Industries. Retrieved 29 July 2011.
3. "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-01-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
4. http://www.herbiguide.com.au/Descriptions/hg_Crownbeard.htm
5. "Verbesina encelioides". Native Plant Database. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Retrieved 5 April 2012.
6. "Allelopathic potential of Verbesina encelioides root leachate in soil". Canadian Journal of Botany, 1999, Vol. 77, No. 10 pp. 1419-1424. Canadian Journal of Botany. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
7. The Xerces Society (2016), Gardening for Butterflies: How You Can Attract and Protect Beautiful, Beneficial Insects, Timber Press.

Further reading

• Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L.; Little, C.R. (2007). Weeds in South Texas and Northern Mexico. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. ISBN 0-89672-614-2