Uronic acid

Uronic acids (/ʊˈrɒnɪk/) are a class of sugar acids with both carbonyl and carboxylic acid functional groups. They are sugars in which the terminal carbon's hydroxyl group has been oxidized to a carboxylic acid. Oxidation of the terminal aldehyde instead yields an aldonic acid, while oxidation of both the terminal hydroxyl group and the aldehyde yields an aldaric acid. The names of uronic acids are generally based on their parent sugars, for example, the uronic acid analog of glucose is glucuronic acid. Uronic acids derived from hexoses are known as hexuronic acids and uronic acids derived from pentoses are known as penturonic acids.[1]

The β-D form of glucuronic acid (after oxidization).
Glucose (before oxidization)
The Fischer projections of glucose and glucuronic acid. Glucose's terminal carbon's primary alcohol group has been oxidized to a carboxylic acid.

Examples

Some of these compounds have important biochemical functions; for example, many wastes in the human body are excreted in the urine as their glucuronate salts, and iduronic acid is a component of some structural complexes such as proteoglycans.

gollark: `+` and `-` for functions in potatOS are admittedly just fancy compose.
gollark: ```lualocal func_mt = {}if debug then debug.setmetatable(function() end, func_mt) endfunction func_mt.__sub(lhs, rhs) return function(...) return lhs(rhs(...)) endendfunction func_mt.__add(lhs, rhs) return function(...) return rhs(lhs(...)) endendfunction func_mt.__concat(lhs, rhs) return function(...) local r1 = lhs(...) local r2 = rhs(...) return r1, r2 -- limit to two return values endendfunction func_mt.dump(x) return string.dump(x) endfunction func_mt.info(x) return debug.getinfo(x) endfunction func_mt.address(x) return (string.match(tostring(f), "%w+$")) end```
gollark: OH REALLY?
gollark: Oh, and you can index strings so `("abcd")[4]` returns `"d"`.
gollark: I also made it so you can add and subtract functions.

See also

References
  1. "Hexuronic acid". encyclopedia.com.
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