Tsetang

Tsetang (also, Tsethang, Zêtang or Zedang), is once the fourth largest city in Tibet and is located in the Yarlung Valley, 183 km (114 mi) southeast of Lhasa in Nêdong District of Shannan, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. As capital of Shannan City, it "...exercises direct control over the affairs of 13 counties: Gongkar, Tranang, Nedong, Changye, Tso-me, Lhodrok, Nakartse, Zangri, Chutsum, Lhuntse, Tsona, Gyatsa and Nang."[1]

Tsetang རྩེ་ཐང་གྲོང་རྡལ། · 泽当镇
Town
Zêtang Chongdä
Tsetang
Coordinates: 29°15′N 91°46′E
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Tibet Autonomous Region
Prefecture-level city	Shannnan
District	Nêdong
Population  (2007)
• Total	approximately 15,200
Time zone	UTC+8 (CST)

Tsetang
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	泽当
Traditional Chinese	澤當
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Zédāng
Tibetan name
Tibetan	རྩེ་ཐང།
Transcriptions Wylie rtse thang Tibetan Pinyin Zêtang

Tsetang, Tibet about 1938

Hotel in Tsetang 2014

Tsetang has been the capital of the Yarlung region since antiquity and was the seat of the ancient emperors of Tibet and, as such, a place of great importance. In the 19th century, it is said to have comprised some 1,000 houses, a bazaar, a gompa and a fort.[2]

As the capital of Shannan, it is the second-largest settlement in the historical Ü-Tsang region. It lies at an elevation of 3,100 m (10,200 ft) above sea level and has a population of approximately 52,000 persons.[3] It is only about 4 km (2.5 mi) to the northeast of the town of Nêdong and they have now essentially merged into one city.[4]

Tsetang is situated near the flank of Mount Gongbori (3,400 m (11,200 ft)) where many ancient ruins are located. It is known as the cradle of Tibetan's civilization. Samye, Tibet's first monastery, is located only 30 km (19 mi) from Tsetang and was founded in 779 CE by King Trisong Detsen.

The 14th century monastery of Tsetang, Ganden Chökhorling, was originally Kagyupa but was taken over by the Gelugpas in the 18th century. It was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s but has been restored since. Ngamchö is also a Gelugpa monastery and contains the bed and throne of the Dalai Lama and has a chapel devoted to medicine. The Samten Ling and Drebuling monasteries of the Sakyas still remained in 1959 but have since been destroyed and mostly built over. There is, however, the reconstructed Gelugpa Sang-ngag Zimche Nunnery, in the ruins of Samten Ling with a 1000-armed statue of Chenresig (Avalokiteshvara) said to have been made by Emperor Songtsen Gampo (605 or 617? - 649 CE).[5]

The town supposedly dates back to the founding of the Tsetang Gompa in 1351 which became an important centre of learning.[6]

One of three caves in the mountainside to the east of the town is said to be the birthplace of the Tibetan people who resulted from the mating of a monkey and a beautiful cannibal ogress.

About 5 km (3.1 mi) south of Tsetang is Changzhug Monastery founded during the reign of Songtsen Gampo and about 10 km (6.2 mi) further is Yumbulagang which, according to legend, was built as a palace for the first king, Nyatri Tsenpo, and was the first building in Tibet.

There are several hotels and a guesthouse in Tsetang.[7]

Footnotes

1. Dorje (2009), p. 219.
2. Das (1902), p. 228 and note.
3. Mayhew (2005), p. 153.
4. Buckley (1986), p. 153.
5. Mayhew (2005), p. 153.
6. Dowman (1988), p. 174.
7. Buckley (1986), pp. 153-156.

References

• Buckley, Michael and Strauss, Robert. Tibet: a travel survival kit. (1986) Lonely Planet Publications, Victoria, Australia. ISBN 0-908086-88-1.
• Das, Sarat Chandra. (1902). Lhasa and Central Tibet. Reprint: (1988). Mehra Offset Press, Delhi.
• Dorje, Gyurme (2009). Tibet Handbook. Footprint Handbooks, Bath, England. ISBN 978-1-906098-32-2.
• Dowman, Keith. The Power-Paces of Central Tibet: The Pilgrim's Guide, (1988). Routledge & Kegan Paul, London & New York. ISBN 0-7102-1370-0.
• Mayhew, Bradley and Kohn, Michael. (2005) Tibet. 6th Edition. ISBN 1-74059-523-8.