Trichobothria

Trichobothria (singular trichobothrium) are elongate setae ("hairs") present in arachnids, various orders of insects, and myriapods that function in the detection of airborne vibrations and currents, and electrical charge [1] . In 1883, Friedrich Dahl observed that they were deflected by the sound waves from a violin and labelled them 'hearing hairs'. [2]

Four trichobothria on the second leg of the spider Paratropis tuxtlensis

Morphology

Unlike the ordinary setae, which are tapered, the trichobothria have the same gauge throughout their length. They fit into the bottom of a broad and deep cup to which connects a membrane with extreme flexibility which adds an extraordinary mobility to them. The least air vibration is able to get them moving and to excite the small group of sensory cells which ensures their innervation.

Distribution

Trichobothria are present in most orders of the Arachnida, except in Solifugae, Ricinulei and Opiliones (Grassé, 1949). Although the distribution of trichobothria on the bodies of arachnids is often used by systematists (especially in Scorpiones and Pseudoscorpiones), few interordinal patterns are apparent (Shultz, 1990).

gollark: You should believe in one if there's good evidence that one exists, not otherwise.
gollark: Again, clear would be "written in 50-foot letters of fire in the sky".
gollark: I don't consider this clear because it's not distinguished from the *other* religious books which also claim to be ultimate universal truth.
gollark: I don't think this justifies being punished forever, *infinitely*, especially since, as you said, part of it is a product of the environment. Guess which omnipotent god set up that environment?
gollark: No, this is also terrible. They only punish you *after* you do things, with no clear guide about what's acceptable and what isn't.

References
  1. Morley, Erica; Robert, Daniel (July 5, 2008). "Electric Fields Elicit Ballooning in Spiders". Current Biology. 28 (14): 2324–2330.e2. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.05.057. PMC 6065530. PMID 29983315.
  2. Reissland, Andreas; Görner, Peter (1985). "Trichobothria". Neurobiology of Arachnids. pp. 138–161. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70348-5_8. ISBN 978-3-642-70350-8.
  • Foelix, R.F., 1982. Biology of Spiders. Harvard University Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England.
  • Grassé, P. (1949). Traité de Zoologie: Anatomie, Systématique, Biologie / publié sous la dir. de M. Pierre-P. Grassé. tome VI, Onychophores - Tardigrades - Arthropodes - Trilobitomorphes - Chélicérates. - Masson et Cie, Paris.
  • Shultz, J.W. (1990). Evolutionary Morphology And Phylogeny of Arachnida. Cladistics 6: 1-38.


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