Topnaar people

The Topnaar people (ǂAonin) are a clan of the Nama people in Namibia. Their settlements are all situated on the Kuiseb River in the Erongo Region of central Namibia, the largest one is Utuseb.[1][2]

History

Topnaars began settling in the area of Walvis Bay and along the Kuiseb River during the start of the 19th century. They first occupied the area at the mouth of the Swakop River, today the city of Swakopmund, and moved south beyond Walvis Bay to the Kuiseb mouth between 1820 and 1830. A small faction moved upriver to Sandfontein but was attacked and driven away by warriors of the Red Nation. They receded to Rooibank (Scheppmannsdorf during Imperial Germany's colonial rule of South-West Africa).[3]

Missionary Heinrich Schmelen and Captain Amraal Lambert of the Kaiǀkhauan (Khauas Nama) visited the Topnaar around 1824 or 1825 while searching for a hospitable place at the coast to improve logistics for the support of the missionaries in the hinterland.[4]

Culture and living conditions

ǃNara melons which grow on the banks of the Kuiseb are the primary staple food of the Topnaars.[5] Apart from ǃNara products which are also sold to tourists, most Topnaar people depend on livestock farming and old-age grants.

Seth Kooitjie is the Chief of the Topnaar people. The traditional authority gains money from tourism concessions and fishing quotas in their tribal area but these monies have yet to bring about upliftment of the community which lives without access to sewerage and electricity.[6]

gollark: The transit files are a serialized datascript database or something and may be hard for other programs to read. Also, I think it mostly stores data in memory, so you wouldn't see your changes instantly.
gollark: If the probability of false positives is low relative to the number of possible keys, it's probably fine™.
gollark: I don't think you can *in general*, but you'll probably know in some cases what the content might be. Lots of network protocols and such include checksums and headers and defined formats, which can be validated, and English text could be detected.
gollark: But having access to several orders of magnitude of computing power than exists on Earth, and quantum computers (which can break the hard problems involved in all widely used asymmetric stuff) would.
gollark: Like how in theory on arbitrarily big numbers the fastest way to do multiplication is with some insane thing involving lots of Fourier transforms, but on averagely sized numbers it isn't very helpful.

References

Notes
  1. Malan 1998, p. 120–125.
  2. de Klerk, Eveline (25 January 2013). "Rural community wants police station". New Era.
  3. Moritz 1997, pp. 4-5.
  4. Vedder 1997, pp. 197–199.
  5. "Nara Plant, Acanthosicyos horrida, Namibia". Siyabona Africa, Kruger Park Safaris. Archived from the original on 9 June 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-23.
  6. "Topnaar must use dividends to buy homes". New Era. 2 September 2014.

Literature
  • Malan, Johan S (1998). Die Völker Namibias [The Tribes of Namibia] (in German). Windhoek, Göttingen: Klaus Hess.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Moritz, Walter (1997). Verwehte Spuren in der Namibwüste - Alte Ansiedlungen am Kuiseb [Withered Traces in the Namib - Old Settlements on the river Kuiseb] (in German). Windhoek: Typoprint. ISBN 99916-750-0-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Vedder, Heinrich (1997). Das alte Südwestafrika. Südwestafrikas Geschichte bis zum Tode Mahareros 1890 [South West Africa in early times: being the story of South West Africa up to the date of Maharero's death in 1890] (in German) (7th ed.). Windhoek: Namibia Scientific Society. ISBN 0-949995-33-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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