Tomizo Yoshida

Tomizo Yoshida (吉田 富三, Yoshida Tomizō, 1903–1973) was a prominent Japanese pathologist, famous for discovering the Yoshida sarcoma. In addition, he is known for demonstrating the chemical-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats with his mentor Takaoki Sasaki.

Tomizo Yoshida
Dr. Tomizo Yoshida (1956)
Born(1903-02-10)February 10, 1903
Asakawa, Fukushima, Japan
DiedApril 27, 1973(1973-04-27) (aged 70)
NationalityJapanese
Alma materTokyo Imperial University
Known forChemical Carcinogenesis
Yoshida Sarcoma
AwardsImperial Prize (1936 and 1953)
Order of Culture (1959)
Koch Medal (1963)
Scientific career
FieldsPathology
Cancer research
InstitutionsJapanese Foundation for Cancer Research
Sasaki Institute
University of Tokyo
Tohoku University
Nagasaki University

Yoshida received the Imperial Prize of the Japan Academy twice (1936 and 1953) as well as the Robert Koch Gold Medal (1963).

Contribution

In the 1930s Yoshida and Sasaki showed the induction of liver cancer in rats by Ortho-Aminoazotoluene.[1] Since that time, a large amount of data has confirmed the carcinogenic activity of Azo dyes.[2]

In 1943, Yoshida found a cancer cell line, so-called Yoshida Sarcoma,[3] and experimentally proved that cancer is generated from cancer cells. His findings opened the way of cancer research in terms of cells, and developed biomedical research on chemotherapy.[4]

Biography

Yoshida was born in Asakawa, Fukushima and graduated from the Medical School, Imperial University of Tokyo in 1927.[5] He was an assistant professor of pathology at the same institution from 1927 to 1929.[5] In 1929 he moved to the Sasaki Institute to work on chemical-induced carcinogenesis with Takaoki Sasaki, before he went to Germany to study pathology in 1935.[5]

After returning to his homeland, Yoshida served as a professor of pathology at Nagasaki University from 1938 to 1944, Tohoku University from 1944 to 1952, before being appointed as a professor of pathology at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo in 1952, where he became a dean in 1958.[5] In addition, he became a director at the Sasaki Institute in 1953 and at the Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research in 1963.[5]

Yoshida died in 1973 at the age of 70.

Recognition

Tomizo Yoshida Award
Tomizo Yoshida Memorial Hall in Asakawa, Fukushima

Since 1992 the Japanese Cancer Association, the town office of Asakawa, and Tomizo Yoshida Memorial Hall have annually awarded the Tomizo Yoshida Award to researchers who made outstanding achievement in the field of cancer research.[7] At the annual award presentation held in Asakawa, Fukushima, winners receive one million yen and a diploma.[7]

Past award winners include the following:

Yamagiwa-Yoshida Memorial international study grants

After his death, Japanese cancer researchers established the Yamagiwa-Yoshida Memorial international study grants in honor of Katsusaburō Yamagiwa and Tomizo Yoshida.[8] Since its inception in 1975, the grants supported by the Japan National Committee, Union for International Cancer Control, have contributed to the development of the professional capacity of over 330 Fellows from over 40 countries.[9]

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References
  1. Yoshida, T. (1933). Über die serienweise Verfolgung der Veränderungen der Leber der experimentellen Hepatomerzeugung durch o-aminoazotuol. Trans. Jpn. Pathol. Soc. 23, 636-638.
  2. Smetanina, M. A.; Pakharukova, M. Y.; Kurinna, S. M.; Dong, B.; Hernandez, J. P.; Moore, D. D.; Merkulova, T. I. (2011). "Ortho-aminoazotoluene activates mouse constitutive androstane receptor (mCAR) and increases expression of mCAR target genes". Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 255 (1): 76–85. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.05.019. PMC 3148291. PMID 21672546.
  3. Tsuchiya, H; Tsuchiya, Y; Kobayashi, T; Kikuchi, Y; Hino, O (1994). "Isolation of genes differentially expressed between the Yoshida sarcoma and long-survival Yoshida sarcoma variants: Origin of Yoshida sarcoma revisited". Japanese Journal of Cancer Research. 85 (11): 1099–104. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.1994.tb02913.x. PMC 5919363. PMID 7829394.
  4. Tomizo Yoshida (1903–1973)
  5. 吉田富三博士 年譜 Chronological List of Dr. Tomizo Yoshida(in Japanese)
  6. Robert Koch Gold Medal
  7. 日本癌学会 吉田富三賞（吉田賞） Tomizo Yoshida Award (in Japanese)
  8. 山際−吉田国際がん研究フェローシップ Yamagiwa-Yoshida Memorial international study grants(in Japanese)
  9. YYFellowhip
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