To the East, Blackwards

To The East, Blackwards is the debut studio album by American hip hop group X Clan, released on April 24, 1990,[1] by 4th & B'way Records and Island Records.[2] It was produced entirely by the group and recorded at I.N.S. Recording Studios in New York City.[1]

To The East, Blackwards
Studio album by X Clan
Released	April 24, 1990
Recorded	I.N.S. Recording Studios, New York City
Genre	Hip hop
Length	45:49
Label	4th & B'way, Island
Producer	X Clan
X Clan chronology
To The East, Blackwards (1990) Xodus (1992)

To the East, Blackwards charted at number 97 on the Billboard Top Pop Albums. "Raise the Flag", the album's lead single,[2] peaked at number 12 on the Hot Rap Singles.[3]

Music and lyrics

The album's production is characterized by witty scratching and funk beats,[4] including samples of music by Parliament-Funkadelic, Zapp, and Roy Ayers.[5] The group includes producers Grand Architect Paradise and The Rhythem Provider Sugar Shaft,[6] lead MC Brother J, and Professor X the Overseer, who punctuates Brother J's raps with certain keywords and phrases.[2]

The group's lyrics heavily promote Afrocentrism, railing against racism and socioeconomic oppression of African-Americans,[7] and feature references to African-American revolutionaries and Egyptian places and deities. Music journalist Jon Pareles writes that "they want to shift the cultural credit back to Africa, instilling pride in a younger black generation and revising the historical record (itself a matter of heated debate)".[8]

Critical reception

Professional ratings

Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic	[9]
DownBeat	[5]
Los Angeles Times	[10]
RapReviews	9/10[2]
Select	4/5[11]
The Village Voice	C[4]

In a contemporary review, DownBeat wrote that X Clan "offer food for thought with a backbeat ... Their mission is to educate, using hip-hop as the medium. And it's funky, too".[5] Jon Pareles of The New York Times called it "incantations for the converted ... rapped in the artificial-sounding tones of radio disk jockeys."[8] In his review for The Village Voice, Robert Christgau facetiously cited its "hallmarks" as "obscure Egyptological insults and flowing funk beats." He viewed it as a product of the rise in "message rap" at the time and stated, "prophets and demagogues of every description join the myriad of hip hop wannabees, enabling lugs like these avowedly non-'humanist' Brooklynites to make their subcultural dent."[4]

In 1998, the album was selected as one of The Source's 100 Best Rap Albums.[12] In a retrospective review, AllMusic's Andy Kellman gave the album four-and-a-half out of five stars and cited it as one of the best hip hop albums of 1990. Kellman observed "an infectious vigor with the way each track is fired off" and stated, "X Clan relentlessly pushes its pro-black motives and beliefs, and though the points are vague at times, at no point does it ever grow tiring."[9] John Book of RapReviews felt that, although the beats were "just revisions of the well worn and proven", the album was about "how Brother J and Professor X presented themselves over those beats, it had the feeling of a live show or even a rough demo."[2]

Track listing

#	Title	Songwriters	Producer(s)	Performer (s)
1	"Funkin' Lesson"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan	Brother J, Professor X
2	"Grand Verbalizer, What Time is It?"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan	Brother J
3	"Tribal Jam"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan	Brother J, Professor X
4	"A Day of Outrage, Operation Snatchback"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan	Brother J, Professor X
5	"Verbal Milk"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan	Brother J, Professor X
6	"Earth-Bound"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan	Brother J, Professor X
7	"Shaft's Big Score"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan
8	"Raise the Flag"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan	Brother J, Professor X
9	"Heed the Word of the Brother"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan	Brother J, Professor X
10	"Verbs of Power"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan	Brother J, Professor X
11	"In the Ways of the Scales"	J. Hunter, L. Carson, A. Hardin, C. Gray	X Clan	Brother J, Professor X

Personnel

Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.[6]

X Clan

• Brother J – producer, rapper
• Grand Architect Paradise – producer
• Professor X the Overseer – producer, rapper
• The Rhythem Provider Sugar Shaft – producer

Technical credits

• George DuBose – photography
• Hugh Aladdin Ffrench – engineer
• Mitchell Hartman – artwork
• Kevin A. McDonagh – design
• Herb Powers – mastering

Charts

Chart (1990)[3]	Peak position
U.S. Billboard Top Pop Albums	97
U.S. Billboard Top Black Albums[3]	11

See also

• List of hip hop albums considered to be influential

References

1. "X Clan - To the East, Blackwards CD Album". CD Universe. Muze. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
2. Book, John (January 30, 2007). "X Clan :: To the East Blackwards :: 4th & B'Way/Island Records". RapReviews. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
3. "To the East, Blackwards - X Clan : Awards". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
4. Christgau, Robert (December 4, 1990). "Consumer Guide: Turkey Shoot". The Village Voice. New York. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
5. "X Clan: To the East, Blackwards". DownBeat. Chicago. September 1990.
6. To the East, Blackwards (CD liner notes). X Clan. New York: 4th & B'way Records. 444 019-2.CS1 maint: others (link)
7. Serrano, Shea (July 24, 2008). "X-Clan's Brother J drops some knowledge on the difference between racism and racial pride". Phoenix New Times. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
8. Pareles, Jon (December 16, 1990). "'Radical' Rap: Of Pride and Prejudice". The New York Times. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
9. Kellman, Andy. "To the East, Blackwards – X Clan". AllMusic. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
10. Hochman, Steve (May 5, 1991). "Rating the New Rappers". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 5, 2011.
11. Harrison, Andrew (July 1990). "Fear of a Blackwards Planet". Select. London (1): 118.
12. "100 Best Rap Albums". The Source. New York (100). January 1998. ISSN 1063-2085. Retrieved November 24, 2007.

External links

• "X-Clan's Sample-Based Music" at WhoSampled