Tipula paludosa

Tipula paludosa is a species of true craneflies, family Tipulidae. It is also known as the European crane fly or the marsh crane fly.[1] It is a pest in grasslands of Northwest Europe and has been accidentally introduced to North America.

Tipula paludosa
Tipula paludosa female
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Diptera
Family:
Tipulidae
Genus:
Tipula
Subgenus:
Tipula
Species:
T. paludosa
Binomial name
Tipula paludosa
Meigen, 1830

Distribution

Tipula paludosa is widespread throughout the West Palaearctic and Nearctic.[1][2] For identification see the Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR[3] and the Diptères: Tipulidae.[4] Tipula paludosa is a very common species flying in May and July to October peaking in August and September.

Biological interactions

Tipula paludosa larvae live in the upper soil layers and are the major insect pest in grasslands of Northwest Europe.[5][6]

Oscheius tipulae is a species of nematodes, described in association of the leatherjacket, the larva of T. paludosa.[7][8]

  • Tipula paludosa male
gollark: You can't easily stop them.
gollark: Well, that is very difficult. Have you tried not trying to block the user from accessing things?
gollark: <@630513495003103242> This is not secure and you should not do this.
gollark: Because the shell's tokenizer will treat that as the same (I think) but your code just does exact matching.
gollark: You could get around your "security" as easily as `edit startup` (that's three spaces).

References
  1. Pjotr Oosterbroek. "Tipula (Tipula) paludosa Meigen, 1830 (search result)". Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World. Naturalis. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  2. Fauna Europaea
  3. Bei-Bienko, G.Y., ed. (1988) Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR, Volume V: Diptera and Siphonaptera, Parts I, II . Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi. ISBN 81-205-0080-6 ISBN 81-205-0081-4
  4. Pierre, C. , (1924) Diptères: Tipulidae. Paris: Éditions Faune de France 8 159 p. Bibliotheque Virtuelle Numerique pdf
  5. Dawson, Lorna A.; Grayston, Susan J.; Murray, Philip J. & Pratt, Shona M. (May 2002). "Root feeding behaviour of Tipula paludosa (Meig.) (Diptera: Tipulidae) on Lolium perenne (L.) and Trifolium repens (L.)". Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 34 (5): 609–615. doi:10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00217-6.
  6. Oestergaard, Jesko; Belau, Christian; Strauch, Olaf; Ester, Albert; van Rozen, Klaas & Ehlers, Ralf-Udo (December 2006). "Biological control of Tipula paludosa (Diptera: Nematocera) using entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema spp.) and Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis". Biological Control. 39 (3): 525–531. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.07.003.
  7. Webster, John M. & Lam, Andrew B.Q. (1971). "Morphology and biology of Panagrolaimus tipulae n. sp. (Panagrolaimidae) and Rhabditis (Rhabditella) tipulae n. sp. (Rhabditidae), from leatherjacket larvae, Tipula paludosa (Diptera: Tipulidae)". Nematologica. 17 (2): 201–212. doi:10.1163/187529271X00044.
  8. Sudhaus, Walter (1993). "Redescription of Rhabditis (Oscheius) tipulae (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) associated with leatherjackets, larvae of Tipula paludosa (Diptera: Tipulidae)". Nematologica. 39 (1–4): 234–239. doi:10.1163/187529293X00187.
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