Timothy Creasey
General Sir Timothy May Creasey KCB OBE (21 September 1923 – 5 October 1986) was a British Army officer who became General Officer Commanding of the British Army in Northern Ireland, as well as the commander of the Sultan of Oman's Armed Forces.
Sir Timothy Creasey | |
|---|---|
| Nickname(s) | The Bull |
| Born | 21 September 1923 |
| Died | 5 October 1986 (aged 63) |
| Allegiance |  |
| Service/ |  |
| Years of service | 1942–1985 |
| Rank | General |
| Unit | 10th Baluch Regiment Royal Norfolk Regiment Royal Anglian Regiment |
| Commands held | 11th Armoured Brigade 1969–1970 Commander, Sultan's Armed Forces, Muscat and Oman 1972–1975 GOC Northern Ireland 1977–1979 Commander-in-Chief, UK Land Forces 1980–1981 Deputy Commander-in-Chief and Chief of the Defence Staff, Sultan of Oman's Armed Forces 1981–1985 |
| Battles/wars | Second World War Border campaign, Northern Ireland 1956 Dhofar Rebellion Operation Banner Aden Emergency |
| Awards | Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath Officer of the Order of the British Empire |
Regimental career
Creasey was born in 1923, and educated at Clifton College.[1] He joined the Army on leaving school, and was commissioned in the Indian Army on 1942, as a junior officer in the 10th Baluch Regiment. He served with them in South-East Asia, Italy and Greece, before transferring into the British Army and joining the Royal Norfolk Regiment.[2]
In 1955, he was a major in 39th Infantry Brigade, which served in Kenya during the Mau Mau Uprising, and in the following year experienced a different form of unconventional warfare whilst posted to Northern Ireland, during the 1956 IRA border campaign. After a spell as an instructor at the Staff College, he was promoted to command the 1st Battalion of the newly formed Royal Anglian Regiment in 1965, and saw service in the Aden Emergency.[2] He earned an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for his service in the 1966 Birthday Honours.[3]
Senior command
After Aden, he was promoted to command 11th Armoured Brigade in the British Army of the Rhine, a post he held from 1968 until 1970, and then attended the Royal College of Defence Studies in 1971.[2] In 1972, he was appointed major-general and seconded to Oman, where he acted as Commander of the Sultan's Armed Forces.[2] The new Sultan, Qaboos bin Said, had been trained at Sandhurst and served in the British Army, and as part of the revitalisation of his forces during the Dhofar Rebellion he requested a large number of British military advisors. Creasey's period in Oman was effective; he quickly established a centralised command of the Army, and helped take the initiative against the Dhofari rebels. His previous experience with the Indian Army proved an asset, as a sizeable proportion of the Omani army was made up of Baluchis. He left in February 1975, with the campaign winding down.[2]
After a brief spell as Director of Infantry,[2] he was appointed on 1 November 1977 to succeed Sir David House as General Officer Commanding in Northern Ireland.[4]
His experience as a commander had largely been in small-scale "colonial wars", and as such he was a contentious choice for the position. He aimed to get quick results, and his belief that a military solution could be found to the problem put him at odds with the commander of the Royal Ulster Constabulary, Sir Kenneth Newman. This dispute peaked in 1979, after 18 soldiers were killed in the Warrenpoint ambush, when Creasey demanded the Army take over control of policing. However, he had a good working relationship with Roy Mason, the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland.[2] He was replaced as commander by Lieutenant-General Sir Richard Lawson on 1 December 1979.[5]
He was appointed as Commander-in-Chief, UK Land Forces in 1980, but left this shortly thereafter to return to Oman, at the personal request of the Sultan. Creasey had waived retirement to become Deputy Commander-in-Chief and Chief of Defence Staff, in the Sultan of Oman's Armed Forces in 1981,[6] and oversaw a far-reaching reform of the Ministry of Defence and a modernisation of the army. Among other features, the redesigned system gave him complete control of arms procurement, which with the approval of the Sultan, ensured that many contracts went to British firms. Perhaps unsurprisingly, his role in Oman was controversial in the country, with many senior Omanis criticising his methods.[2]
References
- "Clifton College Register" Muirhead, J.A.O. ref no 11348: Bristol; J.W Arrowsmith for Old Cliftonian Society; April, 1948
- Obituary: The Times, 7 October 1986.
- "No. 44004". The London Gazette (Supplement). 3 June 1966. p. 6535.
- Bew, Paul; Gordon Gillespie (1993). Northern Ireland: A Chronology of the Troubles, 1968-1993. Gill & Macmillan. p. 124. ISBN 0-7171-2081-3.
- Bew, Paul; Gordon Gillespie (1993). Northern Ireland: A Chronology of the Troubles, 1968-1993. Gill & Macmillan. p. 136. ISBN 0-7171-2081-3. Note that the London Gazette announced the handover effective 8 January 1980.
- "King's College London website". Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives. kcl.ac.uk. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by David House |
General Officer Commanding the British Army in Northern Ireland 1977–1979 |
Succeeded by Richard Lawson |
| Preceded by Sir John Archer |
Commander in Chief, UK Land Forces 1980–1981 |
Succeeded by Sir John Stanier |