Timeline of Nicosia

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nicosia, Cyprus.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Prior to 14th century

• 7th century BCE - City-kingdom called "Ledra."[1]
• 4th century CE - Bishopric established.[1]
• 10th century CE - City becomes capital of island (approximate date); city called "Lefkosia."[1]
• 1187 - Nicosia besieged by forces of Richard I of England.
• 1192
  • 11 April: Uprising against Knights Templar.
  • City becomes capital of the Kingdom of Cyprus under the French Lusignans.[1]
• 1211 - Royal Palace of the Lusignans rebuilt.[2]

14th–18th centuries

• 1308 - Notre Dame de Tyre rebuilt.
• 1326 - Agia Sofia Cathedral inaugurated.
• 1330 - 10 November: Flood.[3]
• 1372 - City walls built.[3]
• 1489 - Venetians in power.[1]
• 1491 - Earthquake.[3]
• 1567 - Area of city reduced;[4] Venetian walls and Kyrenia Gate built.
• 1570
  • 9 September: City besieged; Turks in power.[3]
  • 15 September: Selimiye Mosque established.[3]
• 1572 - Büyük Han built.[5]
• 1573 - Great Madrasah (school) built.
• 1665 - Saint John's Cathedral built.[1]
• 1793 - Hadjigeorgakis Kornesios Mansion built.

19th century

• 1857 - Faneromeni School established.
• 1859 - 29 October: Flood.[3]
• 1863 - Rüşdiye (school) opens.[6]
• 1872 - Faneromeni Church built.
• 1878 - City becomes capital of British Cyprus per Cyprus Convention.[1]
• 1882 - Christodoulos Severis becomes mayor of Nicosia Municipality.
• 1883 - Cyprus Museum established.[7]
• 1885 - Population: 11,513.[8]
• 1892 - Sourp Boghos (chapel) built.

20th century

• 1901 - Population: 14,752.[4]
• 1912 - Population: 16,400.[2]
• 1915 - Venetian Column installed in Sarayonu Square.[1]
• 1926 - Football Club of Greeks of Nicosia formed.
• 1927 - Public Library of Nicosia established.[9]
• 1931
  • Greek Cypriot Enosis unrest.
  • Olympiakos Nicosia football club formed.
• 1933 - Criminal Museum founded.
• 1937
  • Cyprus Folk Museum founded.
  • Government House rebuilt.
• 1939 - Nicosia General Hospital inaugurated.
• 1945 - Cyprus Mail English-language newspaper begins publication.
• 1946 - Population: 34,485.[10]
• 1948 - Athletic Club Omonia Nicosia (football club) formed.
• 1949
  • Ledra Palace Hotel in business.[1]
  • Neos dēmokratēs newspaper begins publication.[11]
  • Nicosia Airport terminal building opens.
• 1955 - National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters attack British properties.
• 1956
  • Palace of the Archbishop built.
  • Fence erected between Greek and Turkish communities.[12]
• 1958 - Nicosia Turkish Municipality established.[12]
• 1959 - Diomedes Skettos becomes mayor.

1960s–1970s

See also: North Nicosia

• 1960
  • City becomes capital of Republic of Cyprus.
  • Makhi newspaper begins publication.
  • Hadjigeorgakis Kornesios Mansion (museum) opens.
• 1963
  • City divided by the Green Line.[12]
  • Central Bank of Cyprus headquartered in city.
• 1967
  • Nicosia Municipal Theatre opens.[13]
  • 20 April: Airplane crash.
• 1969
  • Nicosia municipal gardens laid out.
  • Cyprus Popular Bank branch opens.
• 1970 - Theatrical Organization of Cyprus established.
• 1971 - Lellos Demetriades becomes mayor.
• 1974
  • 15 July: 1974 Cypriot coup d'état at Presidential Palace.
  • 20 July: Turkish invasion.[14]
  • 14 August: Turks in power in northern quarter of Nicosia.
  • 16 August: Tank battle in northern quarter of Nicosia.
  • United Nations Buffer Zone established.[12]
  • United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus headquartered in Lakatamia.
  • Christoforos Kithreotis becomes mayor, succeeded by Lellos Demetriades.
• 1975 - North Nicosia becomes capital of Turkish Federated State of Cyprus.
• 1977
  • Nicosia International Airport commercial flights end.
  • Presidential Palace rebuilt.
• 1978 - Makario Stadium opens.

1980s–1990s

• 1980 - Lefkotheo sports arena and Pantheon Cineplex open.[15]
• 1982 - Population: 180,000 (estimate).[16]
• 1983 - North Nicosia becomes capital of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
• 1984 - Leventio Museum established.
• 1985 - State Library of Cyprus opens.[9]
• 1989 - University of Cyprus established.
• 1994 - Nicosia Municipal Arts Centre inaugurated.[17]
• 1995 - Museum of the History of Cypriot Coinage established.[18]
• 1996
  • Cyprus Stock Exchange headquartered in city.
  • Cyprus Museum of Natural History inaugurated.[19]
  • Shacolas Tower built.
• 1999 - GSP Stadium opens.

21st century

• 2001
  • Nicosia Master Plan enacted (urban planning).[12]
  • Population: 254,032 (estimate: 206,200 Greek side; 47,832 Turkish side).[20]
• 2002 - Kutlay Erk becomes mayor of North Nicosia.
• 2003 - 23 April: Green Line checkpoint at Ledra Palace established.[21][22]
• 2004
  • Cyprus International Film Festival begins.
  • 1 May: Cyprus becomes part of the European Union.
• 2005 - Hamam Omerye Baths restored.[23]
• 2006
  • Cemal Metin Bulutoğluları becomes mayor of North Nicosia.
  • Population: 398,293.
• 2008
  • 3 April: Ledra Street crossing reopens.[24][25]
  • Intercultural Centre Nicosia established.[26]
• 2011 - 15 October: Occupy Buffer Zone protest begins.
• 2012 - 2 January: Constantinos Yiorkadjis becomes mayor.[27]

See also

• History of Nicosia
• List of mayors of Nicosia
• List of mosques in Nicosia
• Timeline of Cypriot history

References

1. Farid Mirbagheri (2009), Historical Dictionary of Cyprus, Lanham, Maryland, USA: Scarecrow Press, ISBN 9780810855267
2. Baedeker 1912.
3. Joseph Turner Hutchinson; Claude Delaval Cobham (1907), A Handbook of Cyprus, London: Edward Stanford, OL 14010779M
4. Britannica 1910.
5. Josef W. Meri, ed. (2006), Medieval Islamic Civilization, Routledge, ISBN 9780415966917
6. Netice Yıldız (2009), "The Vakf Institution in Ottoman Cyprus", in Michalis N. Michael; et al. (eds.), Ottoman Cyprus, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, ISBN 9783447058995
7. John Linton Myres; Max Ohnefalsch-Richter (1899), Catalogue of the Cyprus Museum, Oxford: Clarendon Press, OL 7172407M
8. Cyprus guide and directory. Limassol: J.W. Williamson. 1885.
9. World Encyclopedia of Library and Information Services (3rd ed.). American Library Association. 1993.
10. "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
11. "Nicosia (Cyprus) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
12. Oktay 2007.
13. "Four hundred productions: A review of the plays staged by the Cyprus Theatre Organisation". Archived from the original on 4 November 2014. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
14. "The Nicosia Battle Scene: Shells, Bombs, Paratroops", New York Times, 21 July 1974
15. "Cinemas in Cyprus". CyprusNet.com. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
16. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
17. "Nicosia Municipal Arts Centre". Lefkosia: Pierides Foundation. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012.
18. "Bank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation". Retrieved 19 March 2013.
19. "Cyprus Museum of Natural History". Photiades Natural Museum. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
20. Stanley 2008.
21. "Emotion as Cyprus border opens". BBC News. 23 April 2003. Retrieved 21 July 2012.
22. "Nicosia Journal; On a Severed Street in Cyprus, the Healing Begins". New York Times. 9 May 2003.
23. ArchNet.org. "Nicosia District". Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Archived from the original on 14 April 2013. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
24. "Symbolic Cyprus crossing reopens". BBC News. 3 April 2008.
25. "Edging Closer in Cyprus's Divided Capital". New York Times. 18 May 2008.
26. "Intercultural Centre Nicosia". European Urban Knowledge Network. Archived from the original on 14 April 2013. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
27. "Constantinos Yiorkadjis". Nicosia Municipality. Retrieved 19 March 2013.

This article incorporates information from the Turkish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in 19th century

• Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Nicosia", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
• Franz von Löher; Mrs. A. Batson Joyner (1878), "Nikosia", Cyprus, Historical and Descriptive, London: W.H. Allen, OCLC 156001455
• "Nicosia". Bradshaw's Monthly Continental Railway, Steam Transit, and General Guide, for Travellers Through Europe. London: Adams & Sons. 1887.

Published in 20th century

• "Nicosia", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
• "Nikosia", Palestine and Syria (5th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1912
• A. O. Green (1914), "(Nicosia)", Cyprus: a Short Account of its History and Present State, Kilmacolm, Scotland: M. Graham Coltart
• A.L. Salvator (1983). Levkosia: The capital of Cyprus. London: Trigraph.
• R. Zetter (1985). "City profile: Nicosia". Cities. 2. doi:10.1016/0264-2751(85)90059-9.
• Kevor Krikor Keshishian (1990), Nicosia, Capital of Cyprus Then and Now (2nd ed.), Nicosia, Cyprus: Moufflon Book and Art Centre
• B. Mumtaz (1998). "Revitalising Nicosia: A community- based approach to urban renovation". Trialog. 58.

Published in 21st century

• G. Constantinides; G. Ozen (2004), Nicosia Master Plan - New Vision for the Core of Nicosia: Final Report, Nicosia: UNDP-UNOPS Programme Management Unit
• Yiannis Papadakis (2006). "Nicosia after 1960: A River, A Bridge and a Dead Zone". GMJ: Mediterranean Edition. 1.
• Derya Oktay (2007). "An Analysis and Review of the Divided City of Nicosia, Cyprus, and New Perspectives". Geography. UK: Geographical Association. 92.
• "Liminal Zones: the Nicosia Seminar". Republic of Cyprus, Council for Reconstruction and Resettlement. 2008.
• Bruce E. Stanley; Michael R.T. Dumper, eds. (2008), "Nicosia", Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO, p. 275+, ISBN 9781576079195
• Gisela Welz (2013). "Lefkosia/Lefkosa: Europeanisation and the politics of culture in a divided city". In Kiran Klaus Patel (ed.). Cultural Politics of Europe: European Capitals of Culture and European Union Since the 1980s. Routledge. p. 198+. ISBN 9780203081082.
• Birtachas, Stathis, Κοινωνία, πολιτισμός και διακυβέρνηση στο βενετικό Κράτος της Θάλασσας: Το παράδειγμα της Κύπρου [Society, Culture and Government in the Venetian Maritime State: The case of Cyprus], Thessaloniki: Vanias, 2011. [in Greek]
• Birtachas, Stathis, Βενετική Κύπρος (1489–1571): Οι Εκθέσεις των αξιωματούχων του ανώτατου διοικητικού σχήματος της κτήσης / Venetian Cyprus: The Reports by the dominion’s supreme administrative officials, Thessaloniki: Epikentro, 2019. [bilingual edition]

External links

• "History of Nicosia". Nicosia Municipality.
• Europeana. Items related to Nicosia, various dates.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Nicosia, various dates