Thymol blue
Thymol blue (thymolsulfonephthalein) is a brownish-green or reddish-brown crystalline powder that is used as a pH indicator. It is insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol and dilute alkali solutions.
| Thymol blue (pH indicator) | ||
| below pH 8.0 | above pH 9.6 | |
| 8.0 | ⇌ | 9.6 |
| Thymol blue (pH indicator) | ||
| below pH 1.2 | above pH 2.8 | |
| 1.2 | ⇌ | 2.8 |
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
4-[9-(4-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-propan- 2-yl-phenyl)-7,7-dioxo-8-oxa- 7λ6-thiabicyclo[4.3.0]nona-1,3,5-trien-9-yl]- 5-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-phenol | |
| Other names
α-hydroxy-α,α-bis(5-hydroxycarvacryl)- o-toluenesulfonic acid γ-sultone; thymolsulfonephthalein | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.886 |
PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| C27H30O5S | |
| Molar mass | 466.59 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Brownish-green crystal powder |
| Melting point | 221–224 °C (430–435 °F; 494–497 K) decomposes[1] |
| Insoluble | |
| UV-vis (λmax) | 594 nm (1st) 376 nm (2nd)[1] |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Harmful |
EU classification (DSD) (outdated) |
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| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
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| Infobox references | |
It transitions from red to yellow at pH 1.2–2.8 and from yellow to blue at pH 8.0–9.6. It is usually a component of Universal indicator.
At wavelength (378 - 382) nm, extinction coefficient > 8000 and at wavelength (298 - 302) nm , the extinction coefficient > 12000.[2]
Structures
Thymol blue has different structures at different pH.
Color of thymol blue solution at different acid-base conditions: left: acidic, middle: neutral, right: alkaline
Safety
It may cause irritation. Its toxicological properties have not been fully investigated. Harmful if swallowed, Acute Toxicity. Only Hazardous when percent values are above 10%.[3]
Bibliography
- Merck. "Thymol Blue." The Merck Index. 14th ed. 2006. Accessed via web on 2007-02-25.
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References
- Thymol Blue
- "Product Specification: Thymol Blue- ACS reagent" (PDF). Sigma-Aldrich. 9 October 2017. p. 1.
- "Thymol blue". PubChem. Retrieved 2017-10-09.
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