Theodoric I, Margrave of Meissen

Theodoric I
Theodoric I
	Margrave of Meissen and Lusatia
Margrave of Meissen
Reign	1198–1221
Predecessor	Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
Successor	Henry III
Margrave of Lusatia
Reign	1210–1221
Predecessor	Conrad II
Successor	Henry IV
Born	11 March 1162
Died	18 February 1221 (aged 58)
Spouse	Jutta of Thuringia
Issue	Hedwig; Otto; Sophia; Konrad (illegitimate); Jutta; Henry III, Margrave of Meissen; Dietrich II of Meissen (illegitimate); Heinrich (illegitimate)
House	House of Wettin
Father	Otto II, Margrave of Meissen
Mother	Hedwig of Brandenburg

Theodoric I (11 March 1162 – 18 February 1221), called the Oppressed (Dietrich der Bedrängte), was the Margrave of Meissen from 1198 until his death. He was the second son of Otto II, Margrave of Meissen and Hedwig of Brandenburg.

Biography

Dietrich fell out with his brother, Albrecht the Proud as his mother persuaded his father to change the succession so that Dietrich was given the Margraviate of Meißen and Albrecht (although the older son) the Margraviate of Weißenfels. Albrecht took his father prisoner to try to make him return the succession to the way it had been. After Otto obtained his release by order of the emperor Frederick I, he had only just renewed the war when he died in 1190. Albrecht took back the Meißen margraviate from his brother. Dietrich attempted to regain the margraviate, supported by Landgraf Hermann I of Thuringia, whose daughter he was married to. In 1195, however, he left on a pilgrimage to Palestine.[1]

Dietrich I, Margrave of Meissen (1195–1221) and Henry III, Margrave of Meissen (1221–1288); Fürstenzug, Dresden, Germany

Albrecht's Death

After Albrecht's death in 1195, leaving no children, Meissen, with its rich mines, was seized by the emperor Henry VI as a vacant fief of the empire. Dietrich finally came into possession of his inheritance two years later on Henry's death.

At the time of the struggle between the two rival kings Philip of Swabia and Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Phillip gave Dietrich the tenure of the march of Meißen again. After that time, Dietrich was on Phillip's side and remained true to the Staufer even after Phillip was murdered in 1208.

Dietrich became caught up in dangerous disagreements with the city of Leipzig and the Meißen nobility. After a fruitless siege of Leipzig, in 1217 he agreed to a settlement but then took over the city by trickery, had the city walls taken down and built three castles of his own within the city, full of his own men.[1]

Death

Margrave Dietrich died on 18 February 1221, possibly poisoned by his doctor, instigated into doing so by the people of Leipzig and the dissatisfied nobility. He left behind a widow, Jutta of Thuringia, daughter of Hermann I, Landgrave of Thuringia. Some of his children had already died.[1]

Marriages and issue

Children from his marriage to Jutta of Thuringia, daughter of Hermann I, Landgrave of Thuringia:[2]

Hedwig (d. 1249) married Count Dietrich V of Cleves (1185–1260)
Otto (d. before 1215)
Sophia (d. 1280) married Count Henry of Henneberg-Schleusingen (d. 1262)
Jutta married Mestwin II, Duke of Pomerania
Henry the Illustrious (1218–1288) Margrave of Meissen[3]

Children from extramarital liaisons:

Konrad
Dietrich II (not the same as Dietrich von Kittlitz)
Heinrich

Ancestors

Ancestors of Theodoric I, Margrave of Meissen

16. Dietrich II of Wettin

8. Thimo the Brave, Count of Wettin

17. Mathilde of Meissen

4. Conrad, Margrave of Meissen

18. Otto of Nordheim

9. Ida of Nordheim

19. Richenza of Swabia

2. Otto II, Margrave of Meissen

20. Adalbert of Elchingen

10. Adalbert of Ravenstein

21. Ne of Achalm

5. Luitgard of Ravenstein

22. Frederick I, Duke of Swabia

11. Bertha of Hohenstaufen

23. Agnes of Germany

1. Theodoric I, Margrave of Meissen

24. Adalbert II, Count of Ballenstedt

12. Otto, Count of Ballenstedt

25. Adelheid of Meissen

6. Albert the Bear

26. Magnus, Duke of Saxony

13. Eilika of Saxony

27. Sophia of Hungary

3. Hedwig of Brandenburg

28. Meginhard IV of Formbach

14. Hermann I, Count of Winzenburg

29. Matilda of Reinhausen

7. Sophie of Winzenburg

15. Hedwig

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References

Heinrich Theodor Flathe: Dietrich der Bedrängte. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 186-187 (in German)
Lyon 2013, p. 243.
Rasmussen 1997, p. 63.

Sources

Lyon, Jonathan R. (2013). Princely Brothers and Sisters: The Sibling Bond in German Politics, 1100-1250. Cornell University Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Rasmussen, Ann Marie (1997). Mothers and Daughters in Medieval German Literature. Syracuse University Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

Theodoric I, Margrave of Meissen House of Wettin Born: 11 March 1162 Died: 18 January 1221
Preceded by Emperor Henry VI	Margrave of Meissen 1198–1221	Succeeded by Henry III
Preceded by Conrad II	Margrave of Lusatia 1210–1221

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[Flathe-1] Heinrich Theodor Flathe: Dietrich der Bedrängte. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 186-187 (in German)

[FOOTNOTELyon2013243-2] Lyon 2013, p. 243.

[FOOTNOTERasmussen199763-3] Rasmussen 1997, p. 63.