The Last Ninja

The Last Ninja is an action-adventure game originally developed and published by System 3 in 1987 for the Commodore 64. Other format conversions were later released for the Apple IIGS, MS-DOS, BBC Micro and Acorn Electron in 1988, the Apple II in 1989, the Amiga and Atari ST (as Last Ninja Remix) in 1990, and the Acorn Archimedes in 1991.

The Last Ninja
Cover art for the Commodore 64
Developer(s)	System 3 Eclipse Software Design
Publisher(s)	Activision Superior Software
Designer(s)	Mark Cale Tim Best
Artist(s)	Hugh Riley (C64) Hugh Riley, Erik Simon, Tim Lange (Atari ST & Amiga) Erol Otus (Apple II & MS-DOS) Peter Scott (Acorn Electron & BBC Micro)
Composer(s)	Ben Daglish, Anthony Lees (C64) Jochen Hippel (Atari ST, Amiga) Russell Lieblich (MS-DOS), Tania Smith (NES)
Series	The Last Ninja
Platform(s)	Commodore 64, Apple IIGS, BBC Micro, Acorn Electron, MS-DOS, Apple II, Atari ST, Amiga, Acorn Archimedes
Release	1987, 1988, 1989, 1990
Genre(s)	Action-adventure game
Mode(s)	Single player

The Last Ninja was one of the most successful games released on the Commodore 64. As the first in the Last Ninja series, it set the standard for the unique look and feel for its sequels: Last Ninja 2 and Last Ninja 3.

Gameplay

Screenshot of The Wilderness (Amiga)

The Last Ninja contains a blend of exploration, puzzle solving and combat. The object of the game is to guide the ninja protagonist Armakuni on his journey to the palace of the evil shogun Kunitoki to assassinate him, avenging his clan, and retrieve the sacred scrolls. As the player progresses, Kunitoki's henchmen become more challenging as they learn the ways of the ninja.

The interface consists of the opponents' energy and collected inventory (on the right) and player's health (on the bottom). The world is viewed in an isometric perspective allowing the player to move in eight directions. Movements are relative to the direction Armakuni is facing but restricted to predefined paths (the scenery being inaccessible). Composure and precision must be used when navigating and jumping around obstacles, traps and fatal features of the terrain. By approaching and kneeling at certain landmarks, such as shrines to Buddha and water fountains, an indication of what to collect next is revealed. These items are often hidden in trees or bushes and flash shortly after a new screen has been entered.

Attack moves are executed by combinations of directional controls with the fire button for attacking the opponent's head, torso and legs. Weapons, like the ninjato, nunchaku, staff, shuriken and smoke bombs, can be equipped.

Development and release

The program was originally being developed for System 3 in Hungary for almost a year by a team called SoftView[1] but the financial advance for the work was refunded[2] and the Hungarian team was uncredited for their work.[1] The game was being written in the developer's own Forth-like language to be able to release the game on several different platforms at once. (None of the platforms had the same processor so they needed a higher-level language.) The development phase chewed up a lot of time with creating the unique programming language, as well as the Integrator (the engine of the game).[3] They had some of the levels done, but they missed all the deadlines, so the code was taken back to London by Cale, and the engine was rewritten for the Commodore 64 by John Twiddy.[4]

Cale said: "Basically, the whole idea – the whole concept – was mine. The vision of The Last Ninja as an isometric adventure was something I was very passionate about. Obviously, the machines back then weren’t powerful enough to create fully 3D games, so an isometric viewpoint seemed to be the right solution to move away from the standard side-scrolling platform games. We wanted to do something a bit different, something that would really capture the imagination. And there really is no better subject matter than the idea of controlling a ninja, a spiritual warrior. We wanted to combine an arcade experience with adventure elements. So it wasn’t like Double Dragon, where you just go punch, kick, move, punch, kick, move… The whole idea was to solve a series of simple but realistic adventure puzzles. What we were essentially trying to do was take the square cursor blob from Adventure on the Atari 2600 and turn it into a fully interactive 3D adventure."[5]

The game was originally developed for several different platforms in Hungary[3] but was finished only for the Commodore 64 by John Twiddy after taking the code back to London by Cale. Other format versions were published by Activision in 1987 for Apple IIGS and in 1988 for the Atari ST, MS-DOS. Superior Software published conversions for the BBC Micro, Acorn Electron in 1988 and Acorn Archimedes in 1992. The Amstrad CPC and ZX Spectrum versions never appeared despite being in production.[6] It was re-released on Wii Virtual Console in Europe in April 2008 as the fifth Virtual Console C64 title, and in North America in February 2009 as one of the first three Virtual Console C64 titles.[7]

Reception

Reception
Review scores Publication Score Dragon [8] Commodore User 9/10[9] Zzap!64 94%[10] Datormagazin 4/5[11] .info 4/5[12] Electron User 9/10[13] CU Amiga 85%[14] Amiga Format 78%[15] Amiga User International 81%[16] Amiga Force 71%[17]

Computer Gaming World stated "there is no exaggerating the graphic excellence of" The Last Ninja."[18] It was the most successful original game ever on the Commodore C64. In Europe, the sales for the C64 version alone were in excess of 750,000 units and international multi-format sales exceeded 2,000,000 units. According to System 3's Mark Cale, about 4 million copies of the game were sold in all.[5]

The game won many awards and was universally critically acclaimed as an original, ground-breaking game.[19] It was also a runner up for the award of Game of the Year at the Golden Joystick Awards '88.[20] According to UGO, "For a 20+ year old game, The Last Ninja is surprisingly advanced, sporting a combat system which allows specific body parts to be targeted, environmental obstacles, multiple weapons and hidden items galore."[21]

See also

• Last Ninja 2
• Last Ninja 3

References

1. Beregi, Tamás. "PixelHeroes - First 50 years of Computer Games", publisher: Vince Kiadó, (2366): 198-207. ISBN 978-963-303-023-3
2. Games that Weren't: The Last Ninja V1
3. Moleman 4 - Longplay: Video game development behind the Iron Curtain
4. Last Ninja Archives: The C64 Last Ninja Crew
5. Retro Gamer 18, pages 56-57.
6. World of Spectrum - The Last Ninja - URL last accessed 16 April 2006.
7. "Toppling Cubes, 3-D Characters and Classic Ninja Kicks Lead a Stellar Lineup". Nintendo of America. 21 September 2009. Retrieved 21 September 2009.
8. Lesser, Hartley; Lesser, Patricia; Lesser, Kirk (April 1988). "The Role of Computers". Dragon (132): 80–85.
9. Lacey, Eugene (July 1987). "The Last Ninja: Killer!". Commodore User (2): 17.
10. "The Last Ninja". Zzap!64 (28): 104. August 1987.
11. Hybner, Tomas (August 1987). "The Last Ninja". Datormagazin (6): 24–25.
12. Dunnington, Benn (January–February 1988). "The Last Ninja". Info (18): 18–19.
13. Revis, Jon (March 1989). "Cut above the average". Electron User. 6 (6): 20.
14. Patterson, Mark (January 1991). "Ninja Remix". CU Amiga: 46–47.
15. Webb, Trenton (February 1991). "Ninja Remix". Amiga Format (19): 77.
16. Horgan, Tony (February 1991). "Ninja Remix". Amiga User International. 5 (2): 88.
17. King, Phil; Hayward, Chris (May 1993). "Ninja Remix". Amiga Force (5): 28.
18. "Christmas Buyers Guide". Computer Gaming World. November 1987. p. 20.
19. Studio 3 (formerly System 3) web site - URL last accessed 16 April 2006.
20. "Golden Joystick Awards". Computer and Video Games. Future Publishing (66): 101. April 1987. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
21. Ninjas in Games | An evolution of ninjas in video games throughout the years. Archived 2011-06-15 at the Wayback Machine, UGO.com, June 4, 2008

External links

• Last Ninja Archives
• The Last Ninja Remix
• The Last Ninja at MobyGames
• The Last Ninja at Lemon 64
• Hall of Light (HOL) database of Amiga games: Ninja Remix