The Fifty-Three

The Fifty-Three were a group of 53 Iranians arrested for involvement in communist political activities in 1937[1] and brought to trial in November 1938 in the most sensational of the political trials held during the reign of Reza Shah Pahlavi.[2] Some of the 53 died in jail such as Dr. Taqi Arani, and the rest were released in 1941.[3]

As a result of the similarity with the prosecution of the Old Bolsheviks in the Stalinist show trials in the Soviet Union in 1936-1938, some jested that Rezā Shāh was performing an imitation of Joseph Stalin.[2]

The fifty-three were:

  • 1. Taqi Arani
  • 2. Abdul-Samad Kambakhsh
  • 3. Mohammad Bahrami
  • 4. Mohammad Shureshyan
  • 5. Ali Sadeqpour
  • 6. Mohammad Boqrati
  • 7. Ziya Alamutti
  • 8. Mohammad Pazhuh
  • 9. Mohammad Farjami
  • 10. Abbas Azeri
  • 11. Nasratallah Ezazi
  • 12. Anvar Khamei
  • 13. Nosrat-ollah Jahanshahlou
  • 14. Emad Alamutti
  • 15. Akbar Ashfar
  • 16. Taqi Makinezhad
  • 17. Mojtaba Sajjadi
  • 18. Bozorg Alavi
  • 19. Mehdi Rasai
  • 20. Iraj Iskandari
  • 21. Morteza Yazdi
  • 22. Reza Radmanesh
  • 23. Khalil Maleki
  • 24. Morteza Sajjadi
  • 25. Hossein sajjadi
  • 26. Ali Shandramini
  • 27. Mohammad Qodreh
  • 28. Taqi Shahin
  • 29. Morteza Razavi
  • 30. Seyfollah Sayyah
  • 31. Alinqali Hokmi
  • 32. Ezatollah Etiqechi
  • 33. Vali Khajavi
  • 34. Rahim Alamutti
  • 35. Shayban Zamani
  • 36. Abdul-Qassem Ashtari
  • 37. Hossein Tarbiyat
  • 38. Fazollah Garkani
  • 39. Yousef Soqfi
  • 40. Jalal Naini
  • 41. Rajbali Nasimi
  • 42. Bahman Shomali
  • 43. Mehdi Laleh
  • 44. Ehsan Tabari
  • 45. Abbas Naraqi
  • 46. Mehdi Daneshvar
  • 47. Hassan Habibi
  • 48. Nuraldin Alamutti
  • 49. Reza Ibrahimzadeh
  • 50. Khalel Enqelab
  • 51. Fereydun Manou
  • 52. Ana Turkoman
  • 53. Razi Hakim-Allahi

Footnotes
  1. Daniel, Elton L. (2001). The History of Iran. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0313307318.
  2. Abrahamian 1999, p. 48
  3. Alavi, Bozorg (2009). 53 Nafar (Fifty-three People) (in Persian). Negah. ISBN 9643510689.
gollark: Alcohol bad (although people should be allowed to use it still, obviously, if they find it fun or something).
gollark: For *basically everyone*, it does muck with reflexes and decision making.
gollark: Also reflexes and stuff, so you can't respond to cars fast enough.
gollark: Well, it impairs reflexes and stuff generally.
gollark: Hmm, so maybe just require that the torturing places will immediately let you out if you ask for it?

References
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