The Birth of White Australia

The Birth of White Australia is a 1928 Australian silent film directed by Phil K. Walsh. It is an historical drama about the settlement of white Australia, including scenes of Captain Cook's landing at Botany Bay, skirmishes with Australian Aborigines and the Lambing Flat riots.[3] This was Australia's last silent feature film, thanks to the advent of "talkies".[4]

The Birth of White Australia
Directed byPhil K. Walsh
Written byPhil K. Walsh
StarringBert Trawley
CinematographyLacey Percival
Walter Sully
Production
company
Dominion Films
Release date
24 July 1928
Running time
6,000 feet
CountryAustralia
LanguageSilent film
English intertitles
Budget£3,000[1][2]

Plot

The film moves back and forth in time. It covers Captain Cook's landing at Botany Bay, clashes with Australian aborigines, and the discovery of gold. The main plot concerns the Lambing Flat riots, which is depicted as partly being caused by the Chinese attempting to murder a white girl after she criticises them for washing their clothes in the drinking water. The film ends with the introduction of legislation restricting Chinese immigration.

Cast
  • Bert Trawley as John Davis
  • Dot McConville as Mary Davis
  • Rita Aslin as Miss Dinah Myte
  • Alice Layton as Madame Sefton
  • Frank Hardingham as Tom Kendrick
  • Pietro Sosso as Portuguese Dick
  • Gamboola, "last of the Lachlan River chieftains"[5]

Aboriginal actors from Yass[6] and Batemans Bay[7] appeared in the opening scenes depicting life before colonization.

The leading man, has been named as Lionel Henry, and the leading lady, Miss O'Brien, "a Sydney girl".[8]

Dot McConville, a resident of Leeton, was well-known as a champion horsewoman.[9]

Scenes of cattle mustering were shot at "Eubindal" station, Binalong with many citizens of the Yass district taking part,[10] notably E. de Mestre of Binalong, Jack Garry and P. Garry, of "Glengarry", Frank Bennett of "Mylora," and C. Cunningham, of "The Lagoon".[11]

J. T. O'Neill, Mollie Donoghue and Rita Aslin[12] are cited as taking part. Sarah Musgrave, a 96 year-old pioneer of the Young district, also featured in the film.[13]

There is also an appearance by Billy Hughes and other dignitaries, seen in the section depicting the opening of Federal Parliament.

Production

The film was entirely financed by the townspeople of Young, New South Wales.[14] Walsh formed the production company in February 1927 and raised capital of £5,000 of which £3,000 was allocated to the film.[2] Most of the investors were local farmers.[15]

Shooting began in September 1927, with most of the cast coming from Young. Chinese were played by whites wearing stockings over their faces.[1]

Reception

The film had its premiere at the Young "Strand Theatre" in September 1928,[16] and despite full houses over three nights[17] was shown nowhere else and is believed to have lost its investors money.[1] Dominion Films went into liquidation in 1931, and all footage associated with its production was offered for sale by tender.[18] Walsh did not attempt another movie.

The complete original film was recovered in 1965 from where it had been stored in the Young Town Hall.[19] Modern critics have compared its production and acting unfavourably to The Birth of a Nation of a decade earlier, whose tone is similarly deprecated.[20] It was shown in its entirety in October 1993 at the Pordenone silent movie festival in a screening run in partnership with the Australian National Film and Sound Archive and the New Zealand Film Archive. The film, which ran to 90 minutes, created a distinctly disturbed reaction from filmgoers, presumably discomfited by its unashamedly racist theme.[21]

gollark: Maybe the design was bad or maybe people messed up the execution. But a good design factors in some degree of problems in the execution side.
gollark: The existence of working ways to modify them as needed isn't guaranteed.
gollark: Yes. It's still a bad fire extinguisher regardless of how good the designers thought/claimed they were being.
gollark: Systems have no intentions. People in them might, and the designers probably did, and the designers also likely claimed some intention, and people also probably ascribe some to them. But that doesn't mean that the system itself "wants" to do any of those.
gollark: I think you could reasonably argue that it's better to respect institutions than ignore them because it's better for social cohesion/stability, but I don't agree that you should respect them because they're meant to be fair and because you can always get them to fix problems you experience if this isn't actually true.

References
  1. Andrew Pike and Ross Cooper, Australian Film 1900–1977: A Guide to Feature Film Production, Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1998, 146.
  2. "Australian Films". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 23 February 1927. p. 16. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  3. "Early Marriage". The Advocate. Burnie, Tas.: National Library of Australia. 26 July 1927. p. 8. Retrieved 22 February 2012.
  4. "Movie Film Shot at Young Back in 1928". Boorowa News. New South Wales, Australia. 21 August 1953. p. 3. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  5. "Nostalgia in old stills". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 12 December 1970. p. 12. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  6. "Local and General". The Yass Courier. New South Wales, Australia. 29 November 1926. p. 5. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  7. "Personal". Cootamundra Herald. New South Wales, Australia. 24 May 1927. p. 2. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  8. "Film Record". The Sun (Sydney). New South Wales, Australia. 11 May 1927. p. 17. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  9. "About People". The Gundagai Independent and Pastoral, Agricultural and Mining Advocate. New South Wales, Australia. 13 June 1927. p. 2. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  10. "Birth of White Australia". The Burrowa News. New South Wales, Australia. 1 July 1927. p. 6. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  11. "Pastoralists in Film Scene". The Land. New South Wales, Australia. 19 August 1927. p. 3. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  12. "Famous Actor and Actresses Join Dominion Films". The Burrowa News. New South Wales, Australia. 17 February 1928. p. 5. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  13. "Up a Tree at 98 !". The Gundagai Independent and Pastoral, Agricultural and Mining Advocate. New South Wales, Australia. 16 February 1928. p. 1. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  14. "New Film". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 25 July 1928. p. 17. Retrieved 22 February 2012.
  15. "An Australian Film". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 23 May 1927. p. 16. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  16. ""The Birth of a White Australia"". The Young Chronicle. New South Wales, Australia. 4 September 1928. p. 2. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  17. "The Show Ends". The Young Chronicle. New South Wales, Australia. 7 September 1928. p. 1. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  18. "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 21 May 1931. p. 1. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  19. "A gentleman of the mountains". The Canberra Times. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 24 February 1979. p. 15. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
  20. "Birth of White Australia: Notes". NFSA. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  21. "Jonathan Dennis talks about". Filmnews. New South Wales, Australia. 1 April 1994. p. 16. Retrieved 24 February 2020 – via Trove.
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