Tensioner

A tensioner is a device that applies a force to create or maintain tension. The force may be applied parallel to, as in the case of a hydraulic bolt tensioner, or perpendicular to, as in the case of a spring-loaded bicycle chain tensioner, the tension it creates. The force may be generated by a fixed displacement, as in the case of an eccentric bicycle bottom bracket, which must be adjusted as parts wear, or by stretching or compressing a spring, as in the case of a spring-loaded bicycle chain tensioner; by changing the volume of a gas, as in the case of a marine riser tensioner; by hydraulic pressure, as in the case of a hydraulic bolt tensioner; or by gravity acting on a suspended mass, as in the case of a chair lift cable tensioner. In the power sector, the tensioner is a machine for maintaining constant tension of the conductors during work of hanging the transmission network..

Chain tensioner on a single-speed bicycle
Belt tensioner on a belt-drive bicycle
Hydraulic bolt tensioner
Hydraulic Puller-tensioner

Applications
  • Bolt tensioners are devices designed to apply a specific tension to a bolt. The device may be either removed once the actual nut is threaded into place, or left in place, in the case of a hydraulic nut.[1]
  • The belt or chain tension on a single-speed bicycle can be maintained by either setting the fixed horizontal position of the rear sprocket or the front chainring horizontally, or by a separate tensioner that pushes perpendicular to the chain with either a fixed position or spring tension.[2]
  • The chain tension of a chainsaw may be adjusted with a chain tensioner.[4]
  • A marine riser tensioner is a device used on an offshore drilling vessel which provides a near constant upward force on the drilling riser independent of the movement of the floating drill vessel.
  • A guideline tensioner is a hydropneumatic device used on an offshore drilling rig that keeps a positive pulling force on the guidelines from the platform to a template on the seabed.
  • Overhead electrical wires may be kept in tension by springs or weights.
  • Conveyor belts
  • Chair lift and gondola lift cables
  • Certain wood trusses, such as the beam tensioner truss picture below.[5][6]
  • Fencing made of wire, such as electric fences, barbed-wire fences, and chainlink fences often include tensioning devices to keep them taut.
  • Belt sanders have a mechanism, often a spring-loaded idler drum, to apply the proper tension to the sanding belt, which can be released to allow for changing belts.[7]
  • Spring-loaded overhead line tensioner
  • Gravity overhead line tensioner
  • Chain tensioner in an automobile engine
  • Serpentine belt on belt tensioner in an automobile engine
  • Adjustable, fixed-position belt tensioner in an automobile engine
  • Drum tensioner
  • Conveyor belt tensioner
  • Chair lift cable tensioner
  • Chain tensioner for a bicycle with an internal gearbox
  • Chain tensioner for a single-speed bicycle
  • Bicycle chain tensioned without a dedicated tensioner mechanism
  • Traditional Finnish frame saw with wooden frame, loggers' tool before cross-cut and chain saws till 1960s
  • Marine riser tensioner
  • Beam tensioner truss
  • Chainlink fence tensioner
  • Track tensioner on a Churchill Tank
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See also

References
  1. "How Hydraulic Tensioners Work". Hydraulics Technology, Inc. 2014. Retrieved 2014-12-29.
  2. Brown, Sheldon. "Chain Tensioner". Sheldon Brown. Retrieved 2014-12-29.
  3. "Your Engine 101: Belts and Tensioners". Gates Corporation. 2009. Retrieved 2014-12-29.
  4. "Homelite 18" Gas Chain Saw Review". Gadget Review. September 1, 2011. Retrieved 2014-12-29.
  5. "Timber Connectors". MiTek. 2011. Retrieved 2014-12-29.
  6. "Strap Brace Tensioners". Pryda. 2014. Retrieved 2014-12-29.
  7. "Belt Sander" (PDF). ShopSmith. Retrieved 2013-12-30.
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