Tell es-Sawwan

Tell es-Sawwan is an important Samarran period archaeological site in Saladin Province, Iraq. It is located 110 kilometres (68 mi) north of Baghdad, and south of Samarra.

Tell es Sawwan
Tell es Sawwan
Location in Iraq
Tell es Sawwan
Tell es Sawwan (Iraq)
Coordinates: 34°7′00″N 43°54′00″E

The site is a primarily Ubaid, Hassuna, and Samarra culture occupation with some later Babylonian graves. It is considered the type site for the Samarran culture.

Tell es-Sawwan and its environment

Tell es-Sawwan is an oval mound 350 metres (1,150 ft) long by 150 metres (490 ft) wide with a maximum height of 3.5 metres (11 ft). The main mound was surrounded by a three-metre defensive ditch and a strong mudbrick wall. The village consisted of large houses and other buildings thought to be granaries.[1]

The inhabitants of Tell es-Sawwan were farmers who used irrigation from the Tigris to support their crops, as rainfall was unreliable. They used stone and flint tools similar to those of the Hassuna culture. Their prosperity, probably based on the dependability of irrigated crops, is evidenced by the presence of fine Samarran ware and beautiful, translucent marble vessels[1]

Underfloor graves of adults and children contained terracotta and alabaster statuettes of women and men, in various poses; some of these had the eyes and pointed heads typical of the Ubaid period.[1]

History of research

The site was excavated by a team from the Iraqi Directorate General of Antiquities in seven seasons between 1964 and 1971. The second season was led by Khalid Ahmad Al-a'dami and the sixth and seventh season by Walid Yasin.[2][3][4][5][6][7]

  • Female figurine from Tell es-Sawwan, Louvre Museum
  • Mother goddess from Tell es-Sawwan, Iraq, 6000-5800 BCE. Iraq Museum
  • Mother goddess figurine from Tell es-Sawwan, Iraq, 6000-5800 BCE. Iraq Museum
  • Alabaster jar with a necklace from Tell es-Sawwan, Iraq. 6000-5800 BCE. Iraq Museum
  • Bowl with human bones from Tell es-Sawwan, Iraq, 6000-5800 BCE. Iraq Museum
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gollark: ```Architecture: x86_64CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bitByte Order: Little EndianCPU(s): 8On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7Thread(s) per core: 2Core(s) per socket: 4Socket(s): 1NUMA node(s): 1Vendor ID: GenuineIntelCPU family: 6Model: 42Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E31240 @ 3.30GHzStepping: 7CPU MHz: 1610.407CPU max MHz: 3700.0000CPU min MHz: 1600.0000BogoMIPS: 6587.46Virtualization: VT-xL1d cache: 32KL1i cache: 32KL2 cache: 256KL3 cache: 8192KNUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-7Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx lahf_lm pti tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts```
gollark: I think it's a server thing.
gollark: My slightly newer SomethingOrOther 5000 does too.
gollark: ```Architecture: x86_64CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bitByte Order: Little EndianCPU(s): 4On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3Thread(s) per core: 1Core(s) per socket: 4Socket(s): 1NUMA node(s): 1Vendor ID: AuthenticAMDCPU family: 23Model: 1Model name: AMD Ryzen 3 1200 Quad-Core ProcessorStepping: 1CPU MHz: 3338.023CPU max MHz: 3500.0000CPU min MHz: 1550.0000BogoMIPS: 6989.03Virtualization: AMD-VL1d cache: 32KL1i cache: 64KL2 cache: 512KL3 cache: 4096KNUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb hw_pstate sme ssbd sev vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 rdseed adx smap clflushopt sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves clzero irperf xsaveerptr arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif overflow_recov succor smca```What clear, useful output.

See also
  • Cities of the ancient Near East

Notes
  1. "085. Tell es-Sawwan (ancient name unknown)". US Department of Defense. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
  2. F. el-Wailly and B. Abu Al-Soof, The Excavations at Tell es-Sawwan: First Preliminary Report (1964), Sumer , vol. 21, pp. 17-32, 1965
  3. Khalid Ahmad Al-a'dami, Excavations at Tell es-Sawwan (Second Season), Sumer, vol. 24, pp. 57-95, 1968
  4. Ghanim Wahida, Excavations at Tell es-Sawwan (Third Season) 1966, Sumer, vol. 23, pp. 167-178, 1967
  5. Behnam Abu Al-souf, Tell es-Sawwan: Excavation of the Fourth Season (Spring 1967), Sumer, vol. 24, pp. 3-15, 1968
  6. Behnam Abu Al-soof, Tell es-Sawwan: Fifth Seasons Excavations (Winter 1967, 1968), Sumer, vol. 27, pp. 3-7, 1971
  7. Walid Yasin, Excavation at Tell es-Sawwan - the Sixth Season (1969), Sumer, vol. 26, pp. 3-20, 1970

Further reading
  • Abdul Qadir al-Tekriti, The Flint and Obsidian Implements of Tell es-Sawwan, Sumer, vol. 24, pp. 53–36, 1968
  • Keith Flannery and Jane C. Wheeler, Animal Bones From Tell as-Sawwan Level III (Samaran Period), Sumer, vol. 23, pp. 179–182, 1967
  • Donny George Youkana, Tell Es-Sawwan: The Architecture of the Sixth Millennium BC, NABU, 1997, ASIN B001AC6TMA ISBN 978-1-897750-05-6
  • H Helbaek, Early Hassunan vegetable food at Tell es-Sawwan near Samarra, Sumer, vol. 20, 1966
  • C. Breniquey, Rapport sur deux campagnes de fouilles à Tell es-Sawwan, 1988-1989, Mesopotamia, vol. 27, pp. 5–30, 1992
  • F. Strika, Clay human figurines with applied decoration from Tell Es-Sawwan, Mesopotamia, vol. 33, pp. 7–21, 1998
  • Joan Oates, The Baked Clay Figurines from Tell es-Sawwan, Iraq, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 146–153, 1966
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