Tadija Smičiklas

Tadija "Tade" Smičiklas (1 October 1843 – 8 June 1914) was a Croatian historian and politician. He was a professor at the Zagreb university and a member of the Croatian Academy. A member of the Illyrianist People's Party, he supported the independence of Croatia from the Austrian Empire. He authored the first history book on Croatia and laid the foundation of Croatian historiography.

Tade Smičiklas
Tade Smičiklas, a painting by Joso Bužan, 1902
Born	1 October 1843 Reštovo, Žumberak, Austrian Empire (now Croatia)
Died	8 June 1914 Zagreb
Nationality	Croatian
Scientific career
Fields	History
Institutions	University of Zagreb, Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts
Signature

Early life

Smičiklas was born in Reštovo in Žumberak (German: Sichelburg),[1] into a Greek-Catholic family.[2] Greek-Catholics in Žumberak, including Smičiklas,[3] are descendants of Uskoks.[4][5] His father Ilija sent a request on 13 August 1853 to the Greek-Catholic bishop of Križevci, Gabrijel Smičiklas (his relative), to accept Tadija free of charge into the Greek-Catholic seminary and stressed Tadija's talent and wish to learn more.[6] His uncle Đuro Smičiklas had him accepted.[3]

Education

In September 1843 Tadija enrolled at the Greek-Catholic seminary, where he would stay for nine years.[6] After finishing his studies there, he went on to study history and geography in the Imperial capital Vienna in 1864–69.[1]

Career

He began his professorial career at the gymnasium in Rijeka in 1870 and several years later was appointed at the Zagreb gymnasium. In 1882 he became a full-time professor at the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Zagreb. In 1883 he became a member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts.

He was a member of the Independent People's Party, and was a follower of Franjo Rački and bishop Josip Juraj Strossmayer. As a member of the Croatian Parliament Smičiklas had several memorable speeches. In 1891 he stated, "We seek that independent Croatia has the status in the monarchy which Hungary already has". He publicly defied ban Dragutin Karoly Khuen-Héderváry.

In the 1886/87 academic year he became the dean of the Faculty of Philosophy and soon after was selected as the rector of the entire university. From 1875 he was an alderman in Matica hrvatska, and from 1889 to 1891 he was its president. In 1900 he was selected as president of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts and he remained in this post until his death.

In 1905 he retired from public life. He was an honoured citizen of Zagreb, Varaždin and Karlovac.

Smičiklas published the first history of Croatia (2 volumes, 1879-1882) which was scholarly, critical, comprehensive and founded on reliable authenticated evidence that, together with his other work, laid the foundation for Croatian scholarly historiography and contributed to the strengthening of the idea of continuity of Croatian statehood and independence.[7]

Works

• Život i djela Vjekoslava Babukića (1876)
• Spomen knjiga Matice Hrvatske
• Obrana i razvitak hrvatske narodne ideje od 1790. do 1835.
• Život i djela Ivana Kukuljevića Sakcinskog
• Život i djela dra. Franje Račkoga (1855)

References

• Smičiklas' biography, at the University of Zagreb website

External links

• Tadija Smičiklas

Notes

1. Mitteilungen des Instituts für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung. 36. Hermann Böhlaus. 1915. p. 217.
2. Lazo M. Kostić (1964). Vekovna razdvojenost Srba i Hrvata. Srpska narodna odbrana u Australiji. p. 30.
3. Hrvatska prosvjeta. 1. Kolo hrvatskih književnika. 1914. p. 351.
4. Raymond Detrez; Pieter Plas (2005). Developing Cultural Identity in the Balkans: Convergence Vs. Divergence. Peter Lang. pp. 60–. ISBN 978-90-5201-297-1.
5. Warwick Armstrong; James Anderson (24 April 2007). Geopolitics of European Union Enlargement: The Fortress Empire. Routledge. pp. 210–. ISBN 978-1-134-30131-7.
6. Zbornik OPZZPDZ HAZU. 18. HAZU. 2000. pp. 18–.
7. Miroslav Kurelac (2001) "Tadija Smičiklas as Historian and his Scholarly Conceptions" in Papers and Proceedings of the Department of Historical Research of the Institute of Historical and Social Research of Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Vol. 18

Cultural offices
Preceded by Ivan Kukuljević Sakcinski	President of Matica hrvatska 1889–1901	Succeeded by Ivan Trnski
Academic offices
Preceded by Franjo Vrbanić	Rector of the University of Zagreb 1887–1888	Succeeded by Antun Franki
Preceded by Josip Torbar	Chairman of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts 1900–1914	Succeeded by Tomislav Maretić