Sulfanegen

Sulfanegen
Names
	IUPAC name 2,5-Dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	80003-64-1 (Na+ salt) ; 1309654-46-3;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:138170;
ChemSpider	29395474;
PubChem CID	24830990;
UNII	14338V25RC ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C6H8O6S2/c7-3(8)5(11)1-13-6(12,2-14-5)4(9)10/h11-12H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10) Key: GYZMXMSJOZUNEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N; InChI=1/C6H8O6S2/c7-3(8)5(11)1-13-6(12,2-14-5)4(9)10/h11-12H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10) Key: GYZMXMSJOZUNEQ-UHFFFAOYAO;
	SMILES C1C(SCC(S1)(C(=O)O)O)(C(=O)O)O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H8O6S2
Molar mass	240.24 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	Infobox references

Sulfanegen is an experimental antidote for cyanide poisoning.[1] It is being studied as a prodrug for 3-mercaptopyruvic acid (3-MP). 3-MP has been studied as a potential treatment for cyanide poisoning, but the half-life is too short for it to be clinically effective.[2] Instead, alternative chemicals such as sulfanegen, the hemithioacetal cyclic dimer of 3-MP, are being evaluated that produce 3-MP in vivo to compensate for the short half-life of 3-MP itself.[3]

Sulfanegen has been shown to be effective in animal studies.[4] It is being studied as the disodium salt, sulfanegen sodium,[3][5] and the triethanolamine salt, sulfanegen TEA.[6] One advantage various sulfanegen formulations have over existing treatments for acute cyanide poisoning is that they might be administered by intramuscular injection or orally[1] rather than by intravenous infusion.[6]

References

"Scientists Discover Fast-Acting Cyanide Antidote". Medgadget. Dec 27, 2007. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
Nagahara, N; Li, Q; Sawada, N (2003). "Do antidotes for acute cyanide poisoning act on mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase to facilitate detoxification?". Current Drug Targets. Immune, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. 3 (3): 198–204. doi:10.2174/1568008033340162. PMID 12871026.
Brenner, M; Kim, JG; Lee, J; Mahon, SB; Lemor, D; Ahdout, R; Boss, GR; Blackledge, W; Jann, L; Nagasawa, HT; Patterson, SE (2010). "Sulfanegen sodium treatment in a rabbit model of sub-lethal cyanide toxicity". Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 248 (3): 269–76. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2010.08.002. PMC 3382974. PMID 20705081.
Chan, A; Crankshaw, DL; Monteil, A; Patterson, SE; Nagasawa, HT; Briggs, JE; Kozocas, JA; Mahon, SB; Brenner, M; Pilz, RB; Bigby, TD; Boss, GR (2011). "The combination of cobinamide and sulfanegen is highly effective in mouse models of cyanide poisoning". Clinical Toxicology. 49 (5): 366–73. doi:10.3109/15563650.2011.584879. PMC 3882312. PMID 21740135.
Belani, KG; Singh, H; Beebe, DS; George, P; Patterson, SE; Nagasawa, HT; Vince, R (2012). "Cyanide toxicity in juvenile pigs and its reversal by a new prodrug, sulfanegen sodium". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 114 (5): 956–61. doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e31824c4eb5. PMC 3334426. PMID 22392971.
"New Antidote for Cyanide Found". Yahoo News. February 1, 2013.

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[PattersonNews2007-1] "Scientists Discover Fast-Acting Cyanide Antidote". Medgadget. Dec 27, 2007. Retrieved 2015-07-12.

[2] Nagahara, N; Li, Q; Sawada, N (2003). "Do antidotes for acute cyanide poisoning act on mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase to facilitate detoxification?". Current Drug Targets. Immune, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. 3 (3): 198–204. doi:10.2174/1568008033340162. PMID 12871026.

[Missingor-3] Brenner, M; Kim, JG; Lee, J; Mahon, SB; Lemor, D; Ahdout, R; Boss, GR; Blackledge, W; Jann, L; Nagasawa, HT; Patterson, SE (2010). "Sulfanegen sodium treatment in a rabbit model of sub-lethal cyanide toxicity". Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 248 (3): 269–76. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2010.08.002. PMC 3382974. PMID 20705081.

[4] Chan, A; Crankshaw, DL; Monteil, A; Patterson, SE; Nagasawa, HT; Briggs, JE; Kozocas, JA; Mahon, SB; Brenner, M; Pilz, RB; Bigby, TD; Boss, GR (2011). "The combination of cobinamide and sulfanegen is highly effective in mouse models of cyanide poisoning". Clinical Toxicology. 49 (5): 366–73. doi:10.3109/15563650.2011.584879. PMC 3882312. PMID 21740135.

[5] Belani, KG; Singh, H; Beebe, DS; George, P; Patterson, SE; Nagasawa, HT; Vince, R (2012). "Cyanide toxicity in juvenile pigs and its reversal by a new prodrug, sulfanegen sodium". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 114 (5): 956–61. doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e31824c4eb5. PMC 3334426. PMID 22392971.

[PattersonNews2013-6] "New Antidote for Cyanide Found". Yahoo News. February 1, 2013.