Stretton-on-Fosse

Stretton-on-Fosse is a small village and civil parish with fewer than 200 houses,[1] most built of Cotswold stone or locally-made red brick, situated on the Warwickshire-Gloucestershire border on the fringe of the Cotswold Hills. It is governed by the Stratford-on-Avon District council.[2] The population of the civil parish taken at the 2011 census was 439.[3] By comparison, the 1931 population was 282.[4] The village has about 200 buildings, made of Cotswold stone or locally made red bricks.[1] Of these, 18 are Grade II Listed by Historic England.[5] At one time, the village was known as Stretton upon Fosse.[6]

Not to be confused with Stretton-under-Fosse.

"Tea Cosy Cottage", formerly the Post Office, a Grade II listed 17th century building, later modified

Some of the current cottages were previously used for other purposes, such as Tea Cosy Cottage (photo at right) which was the village post office in the early 1900s[7] and The Bakery cottage which retains its old bread oven.[8]

History

Stretton means "settlement on a Roman road" (from the Old English stræt and tun). In this case the road is Fosse Way.

Some of the historic stone cottages feature thatched or slate roofs
Exterior of the Plough Inn
Interior of the Plough Inn pub

Two of the manors in Stratone, as Stretton-on-Fosse was then called,[9] using its Saxon name[10] are listed in the Domesday Book of 1086. Two significant manor houses still remain. The Manor House was built in 1886[11] and is a Grade II Listed property.[12] Stretton House, also Grade II listed, was built in the early 1600s but was substantially altered in the early 1800s.[13]

While the lower ground of the village is heavy clay the upper parts are composed of sand and shingle. During commercial extraction of sand important graves of the Roman-British and Anglo-Saxon periods were uncovered and interesting skeletons and personal belongings were unearthed . These burials were the result of internecine warfare between local tribal factions.[14][1] The second manor, recognised in law under the Law of Property Acts 1922 & 1925 (as amended), is held by Paul De Merry, Lord of Stretton-on-Fosse (or Stratone), who is a direct descendant of Ralph de Toeni, Lord of Flamsted who held the manor in 1235. Citations and the full history of the descent of title are available through British History Online, the Victorian History of the Counties of England, the Gloucestershire Archives, the National Archives Kew, the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust & other accredited sources.

The village web site indicates that until recently, the community consisted of several farms, with housing for local residents occupied in cultivation of the land and the trade association of the rural economy, such as, shops, post-office, school,[15] inns, blacksmith, and three religious buildings. However, of these, only the Church of St. Peter and the 17th Century Plough Inn[16] are still used for their intended purpose.[17][1] The village also had another pub/lodging, the Golden Cross Inn (or Hotel)[18] across the tracks from the railway station; photographs of the two establishments suggests that the Plough Inn is not the same building.[19] (As of 2019, The Plough Inn was a public house.)

The Grade II listed "Thatch Cottage" was built in the 17th century with some 20th century modifications

A new village hall was built in 1990 to replace the post-war wooden hut.[20] The old railway line and station are now gone.[1][21]

A National Gardens Scheme garden is located at Court House in the village, encompassing four acres.[22]

Religion
Side view of the church, including some old tombstones

The site contained a church since the late 12th when it was presented to residents by Ralph le Breton. Originally, it was a chapel of the nearby village of Blockley.[23] The current Grade II Listed building, St Peter church, made of Cotswold stone and roofed with slate, was erected in the late 16th Century. Since then, it has been extensively modified; in 1841, for example, it was rebuilt and enlarged.[24] A 1949 description of the building provides these specifics:[4]

The parish church of ST. PETER ... consists of a chancel with a south vestry, nave (50 ft. long), and a west porch and bell-turret. No ancient architectural features remain. The small chancel has a traceried east window of four lights; the nave, divided by buttresses into four bays, has a two-light window in each bay in the north and south walls. The entrance is at the west end from a porch that is flanked by a small north chamber and a south staircase to a gallery. Over the porch is an octagonal bell-turret lighted by windows in gables, the whole crowned by a small stone spire. The walls are of ashlar, the roofs covered with slates.

St. Peter's with some old tombs

A recent report describes the interior of this Grade II listed church:[25][24]

The interior is simple and unpretentious, and darker than one might expect despite it's [sic] cream-washed walls (in this case owing to adjacent trees on the south side, rather than an abundance of stained glass, the usual culprit!). The furnishings are mostly of a piece with the building, including the west gallery which supports a modest organ. The only later additions appear to be the mural painting that enlivens the paneling behind the altar (eucharistic symbols along with SS Peter & Paul, difficult to appreciate in the low lighting) and the two stained glass windows at the east end of the nave (late 19th and early 20th centuries respectively).

The now deserted medieval village of Ditchford Frary (1066 to 1539)[26] stood about a mile south-east of St Peter church on the Paddle Brook stream. In 1086, Ditchford Frary was held by Robert de Stafford.[27] At one time, the settlement included St. Giles chapel.[4] In 1410, its "mother church" was Great Wolford;[28] the chapel was a ruin by the 17th century and the rectory was annexed to Stretton in 1642.[1][29] Earthwork evidence of the chapel still existed at the time of the Ordnance Survey of 1967.[30]

Transportation
This June 2009 map, posted in the village, defines the use and name of the buildings

In 1826 a tram with horse-drawn cars began passing through the village,[31] operated by the Stratford and Moreton Tramway on a four-feet gauge rail.

By 1825 the Great Western Railway operated a train between Stratford-upon-Avon and Moreton-in-Marsh, and it passed through the village without stopping. The railway station was not built until November 1892, in the north-east part of the village near the Fosseway road. Before completion of construction, the train would stop on request at the nearby Golden Cross Inn.[32]

Passenger services were discontinued in 1929 and freight services in 1941.[33][34] A branch line was constructed to Shipston-on-Stour which was used for passengers until 1929 and goods until 1960.[35] The Stratford and Moreton Tramway also stopped at Stretton.[4] The station was demolished in 1964.

In 2019, direct (non-stop) Great Western train service from London Paddington station to the Moreton-in-Marsh railway station was expected to take under 2 hours;[36] a bus was available from the station to Stretton.[37][38] The highway route from London to Stretton was via the M4 to M25 to M40 and then to the A429, approximately a two hour drive. No public transport was running through the village[39] but a bus did stop just outside the community.[40]

gollark: You know what, you're probably right, oh well.
gollark: I guess it probably does depend a lot, but for quite a lot of user-facing stuff, near-infinite divisibility (infinite with bignums) and no precision issues on small numbers are probably good.
gollark: Much.
gollark: Except speed, but who cares about *that*?
gollark: For most stuff, though, rationals are *probably better*.

References
  1. "About/history - strettononfosse". www.strettononfosse.com.
  2. https://www.streetlist.co.uk/places/warwickshire/stretton-on-fosse-(stratford-on-avon-district), The Village of Stretton-on-Fosse in the County of Warwickshire
  3. "Civil Parish population 2011". Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  4. "Parishes: Stretton-on-Fosse | British History Online".
  5. "Listed Buildings in Stretton-on-Fosse, Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire".
  6. https://books.google.ca/books?id=0KFJAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA827&lpg=PA827&dq=population+Stretton-on-Fosse,+Stratford-on-Avon,+Warwickshire,&source=bl&ots=EJUEMLMj0W&sig=ACfU3U1qVMrxwbfU9hghxci3PxO4qrmSTw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjwk7Se9f3kAhWKJDQIHZFsDzoQ6AEwHHoECA0QAQ#v=onepage&q=Stretton-on-Fosse%2C%20Stratford-on-Avon%2C%20Warwickshire%2C&f=false, The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, Volume 67, Part 2 1789, page 827
  7. https://www.ourwarwickshire.org.uk/content/catalogue_wow/stretton-on-fosse-post-office, STRETTON ON FOSSE. POST OFFICE
  8. https://www.britainexpress.com/cottages/BE52629.php, The Bakery Stretton-on-Fosse
  9. https://books.google.ca/books?id=3LBCAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR29&dq=stretton-on-Fosse+Stratone&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj-jbT4if7kAhVMgp4KHbP4BfQQ6AEIMDAB#v=onepage&q=stretton-on-Fosse%20Stratone&f=false, Domesday Book for the County of Warwick, page 81
  10. Beresford, M. W.; John Kenneth Sinclair St. Joseph; Joseph, J. K. S. (15 November 1979). Medieval England: An Aerial Survey. ISBN 9780521219617.
  11. https://www.ourwarwickshire.org.uk/content/catalogue_her/stretton-house-and-grounds, STRETTON HOUSE AND GROUNDS
  12. https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/101185631-the-manor-house-and-attached-wall-stretton-on-fosse#.XZTjJlVKipo, The Manor House and Attached Wall ID:1185631
  13. https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/101355626-stretton-house-stretton-on-fosse#.XZTkMVVKipo, Stretton House ID:1355626
  14. "Parishes: Stretton-on-Fosse | British History Online".
  15. "Stretton on Fosse. Schools".
  16. "The Plough Inn - strettononfosse".
  17. "Church of St Peter, Stretton- on -Fosse".
  18. https://www.warwickshirerailways.com/gwr/gwrsf554.htm, gwrsf554
  19. https://www.ourwarwickshire.org.uk/content/catalogue_wow/stretton-on-fosse-golden-cross-inn, STRETTON ON FOSSE. GOLDEN CROSS INN
  20. "Stretton on Fosse. Village Hall".
  21. "Stretton on Fosse. Railway Station".
  22. https://www.cotswoldlife.co.uk/out-about/events/visit-the-court-house-garden-in-stretton-on-fosse-1-3686163, Visit the Court House garden in Stretton-on-Fosse
  23. "Parishes: Stretton-on-Fosse | British History Online".
  24. "Stretton on Fosse - St Peter".
  25. "Church of St Peter, Stretton-on-Fosse, Warwickshire".
  26. https://timetrail.warwickshire.gov.uk/detail.aspx?monuid=WA3008, Information for record number MWA3008: Medieval Chapel at Ditchford Frary
  27. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/warks/vol5/pp153-157, Parishes: Stretton-on-Fosse
  28. https://books.google.ca/books?id=dtzzX6sppU8C&pg=PA174&dq=Ditchford+Frary+Parish&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjCu6uqi_7kAhVBs54KHX2iAiwQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=Ditchford%20Frary%20Parish&f=false, Religious Belief and Ecclesiastical Careers in Late Medieval England, page 174
  29. "Parishes: Stretton-on-Fosse | British History Online".
  30. https://www.ourwarwickshire.org.uk/content/catalogue_her/medieval-chapel-at-ditchford-frary, MEDIEVAL CHAPEL AT DITCHFORD FRARY
  31. "Solihull Model Railway Circle - Stratford and Moreton Railway". www.solihullmrc.org.
  32. https://www.warwickshirerailways.com/gwr/strettononfosse.htm, Stretton on Fosse Station
  33. https://www.warwickshirerailways.com/gwr/strettononfosse.htm, GWR Route - Stretton on Fosse Station
  34. https://www.warwickshirerailways.com/gwr/gwrsf556a.htm, Stretton on Fosse Station: gwrsf556a
  35. https://www.warwickshirerailways.com/gwr/gwrsf3026.htm, Stretton on Fosse Station: gwrsf3026
  36. https://www.thetrainline.com/train-times/london-paddington-to-moreton-in-marsh, Moreton-in-Marsh to London
  37. https://www.rome2rio.com/map/London/Stretton-on-Fosse, London/Stretton Map
  38. https://bustimes.org/services/6-shipston-stretton-on-fosse-todenham-moreton-in-m, Bus Times
  39. https://www.google.com/maps/dir/London,+UK/Stretton-on-Fosse,+Moreton-in-Marsh+GL56+9SB,+UK/@52.0660637,-1.6405657,11.44z/data=!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x47d8a00baf21de75:0x52963a5addd52a99!2m2!1d-0.1277583!2d51.5073509!1m5!1m1!1s0x4870d660c239992f:0x6ee06b6ac4c6c702!2m2!1d-1.678562!2d52.041834!3e0, Direction
  40. http://www.carlberry.co.uk/rfnshowl.asp?L1=STR0060&L2=S&size=&act=B, Bus Times

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