Stichocotyle

Stichocotyle is a monospecific genus of trematodes, in the monospecific family Stichocotylidae, which is itself in the monotypic order Stichocotylida. It comprises the single species Stichocotyle nephropis, which is an internal parasite of elasmobranch fishes. It was originally described from the Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, by J. T. Cunningham in 1884.[5] This flatworm is distinguished by a single ventral row of well separated suckers.

Stichocotyle nephropis

Critically endangered, possibly extinct  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Platyhelminthes
Class:
Trematoda
Order:
Stichocotylida

Gibson & Chinabut, 1984[2]
Family:
Stichocotylidae

Faust & Tang, 1936[3]
Genus:
Stichocotyle

Cunningham, 1884[4]
Binomial name
Stichocotyle nephropis

Stichocotyle has not been seen since 1986, and it is possible that it is extinct.[6] Like many parasites, it relied on multiple hosts, and its disappearance is hypothesized to be associated with declines in some of these hosts.[7] The thornback ray Raja clavata and the barndoor skate Dipturus laevis were hosts for the adult form, and have declined because they are killed as bycatch in fisheries. The thornback ray is listed as "Near Threatened," and the barndoor skate is globally listed as "Endangered" on the IUCN Red List.

References
  1. Wilson, B.S., Hedges, B. & World Conservation Monitoring Centre. 2017. Celestus occiduus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T4097A71739494. http://oldredlist.iucnredlist.org/details/4097/0 Downloaded on 20 September 2017.
  2. Gibson, D. & Chinabut, S. (1984). Rohdella siamensis gen. et sp. nov. (Aspidogastridae: Rohdellinae subfam. nov.) from fresh water fishes in Thailand, with a reorganization of the classification of the subclass Aspidogastrea. Parasitology, 88(3), 383–393.
  3. Faust, E. & Tang, C. (1936). Notes on new aspidogastrid species, with a consideration of the phylogeny of the group. Parasitology, 28(4), 487–501.
  4. Cunningham, J. T. (1884). A new marine trematode belonging to the Polystomidae. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 7, 399.
  5. Grant D. Stentiford & Douglas M. Neil (2011). Grant Stentiford (ed.). "Diseases of Edible Crustaceans". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 106 (1): 92–109. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2010.09.017. PMID 21215358. |chapter= ignored (help)
  6. Platt (2017). "Parasite Lost: Did Our Taste for Seafood Just Cause an Extinction?". The Revelator.
  7. K. MacKenzie & C. Pert (2018). "Evidence for the decline and possible extinction of a marine parasite species caused by intensive fishing". Fisheries Research. 198: 63–65. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2017.10.014.


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