Stereocyclops incrassatus

Stereocyclops incrassatus is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to eastern Brazil and is known from Pernambuco and Alagoas in the north and then southward through Bahia to Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo.[2][3] Earlier records from São Paulo state are now recognized as Stereocyclops parkeri.[1] Common name Brazilian dumpy frog has been coined for this species.[2]

Stereocyclops incrassatus

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Microhylidae
Genus: Stereocyclops
Species:
S. incrassatus
Binomial name
Stereocyclops incrassatus
Cope, 1870
Synonyms[2]

Emydops hypomelas Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
Hypopachus incrassatus (Cope, 1870)
Ribeirina hypomelas (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920)

Description

The holotype, an adult male, measures 41 mm (1.6 in) in snout–vent length (SVL).[4] In a population in Linhares observed at the time of breeding, adult males measured 37–46 mm (1.5–1.8 in) and females 38–45 mm (1.5–1.8 in) in SVL.[5] The body is very stout. The snout is short, rounded in dorsal view but more acute in profile. The eyes are small and the tympanum is indistinct. The fingers are fairly long and have no webbing. The toes are long and have basal webbing. Skin is smooth except for a few granules on the sides.[4]

Habitat and conservation

Its natural habitats are primary and secondary forests at elevations below 550 m (1,800 ft).[1] It is a nocturnal species living in leaf litter.[3] They prey on a range of small invertebrates. The dominant prey items in Linhares were ants, followed by beetles and isopods. Breeding seems to be explosive.[5] Breeding takes place in small, temporary ponds inside the forest; the species is not found in open habitat outside forest.[1]

Stereocyclops incrassatus can be very common at breeding sites.[1][5] Habitat loss is the major threat to this species. It occurs in several protected areas, e.g., Rio Doce State Park.[1]

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References
  1. Peixoto, O.L.; Pimenta, B.; Potsch de Carvalho-e-Silva, S. (2010). "Stereocyclops incrassatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T58006A11712656. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T58006A11712656.en.
  2. Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Stereocyclops incrassatus Cope, 1870". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  3. Moura, Geraldo J. B.; Andrade, Edson V. E.; Freire, Eliza M. X. (2010). "Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae, Stereocyclops incrassatus Cope, 1870: distribution extension". Check List. 6 (1): 71–72. doi:10.15560/6.1.071.
  4. Cochran, Doris M. (1955). "Frogs of Southeastern Brazil". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 206 (206): 1–423. doi:10.5479/si.03629236.206.1.
  5. Teixeira, R. L.; Vrcibradic, D.; Almeida, G. I. (2006). "Food habits of Stereocyclops incrassatus (Anura, Microhylidae) from Povoação, Espírito Santo State, southeastern Brazil" (PDF). Boletim do Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão. Nova Série. 19: 53–58.
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