Stanley Spooner

Stanley Spooner (20 November 1856 [1][2]– 3 April 1940 [3][4]), was an editor and journalist. He was originally the creator and editor of an automobile journal called The Automotor And Horseless Vehicle Journal. This became known as The Automotor Journal, from April 1902.[5] In January 1909, he was the creator and editor of the first aeronautical weekly magazine in the world called Flight, now titled Flight International.[6] After the success of Flight, his Automotor Journal was renamed The Auto.

Family & Early life

Stanley was the youngest child of Frederick William Spooner, an accountant, and his wife Sarah Ann (formerly Janes).[1]

Frederick William Spooner was born in 1814, at 20, Henry Street, Pentonville, and baptised at Edenham, Lincolnshire, on the 28th of August of that same year.[7] Sarah Ann Janes was born on the 7th of June 1820 in Hoxton New Town, (now just named Hoxton), and baptised on the 30th of June 1820, at St Leonard's, Shoreditch.[8] They were married on the 20th of October 1841, at St Leonard's, Shoreditch. At the time of marriage, Frederick was an accountant, living at Cumming Street. Sarah Ann's address at the time of marriage, was Provost Street, in Hoxton.[9]Stanley had four sisters, three brothers, and one half-brother. His half-brother was born on the 9th of September 1837, at 113, Britannia Street, Hoxton New Town, and was given the same name as Stanley's father. [10]

His father was also a Freemason, and was elected as the Worshipful Master of Enoch Lodge (No.11), on the 13th of December 1854 at the Freemason's Tavern, Great Queen Street, London.[11] Stanley would also later become a Freemason.[12]

Stanley Spooner was born at Campbell-Lodge, in Rosherville, Northfleet, England, on the 20th of November 1856.[2][13][14] The birth was registered on the 1st of January 1857.[1]

On the 8th of May 1858, Frederick William Spooner was named with others, as one of the first auditors of The Railway Benevolent Society. This occurred during a meeting at the London Tavern. At the same meeting, a resolution was carried stating that the society should be called the Railway Benevolent Institution.[15] Frederick was an auditor and accountant of various different companies. Stanley himself would later become an accountant before he became a stockbroker.[12]

On the 7th of April 1861, he was living with his parents and siblings at Woodlands Villa, on Woodlands Road, in Isleworth. [16]

Frederick William Spooner had moved his family to Gravesend by October 1863. Catherine Sarah Spooner, his oldest daughter, was married to Thomas Toller Hurst Daniell. [17]Stanley would later work with Thomas. [18]And Harriet Spooner, Frederick's second oldest daughter, was married to Edward Watson. This double wedding took place at Gravesend on the 10th of October 1863. [19]The Lincolnshire Chronicle on the occasion of these marriages in an article, described Frederick as "F. W. Spooner, Esq., of Dashwood." [19] This is also the same address that was written in the register for his father, when Stanley was baptised on the 25th of July 1865 at St Ethelburga's Bishopsgate, London.[2][20]

On the 2nd of April 1871, Stanley was still living at Dashwood Cottage, Old Down Road, Gravesend with his family and listed as a "Scholar.".[21]

He was educated at King's College London , and also in France and Germany.[22]

Career

In 1876 Stanley was living at 55, Great Percy Street, London, and was a Clerk to an accountant named Robert William Hudswell. His offices were at 23, Martin's Lane, Cannon Street, London. The name of his business was Hudswell & Co. In 1875 Robert took up the position of accountant of the Co-operative Credit Bank, Queen Victoria Street, London. On the 5th of February 1876, Stanley was called as a witness at the Mansion House, London. This was in the trial of Richard Banner Oakley, manager of the Co-operative Credit Bank. Richard was accused of obtaining money and securities through false pretenses.[23]

He became a Freemason, and was initiated into the Chiltern Lodge (no. 1470), on the 21st of December 1880. Stanley's occupation was put down as "Accountant", on entering the lodge, and his address was Little Piazza Tavistock Chambers, Covent Garden, Strand, London.[12] In the 1881 Census taken on the 3rd of April, Stanley was still at this address, with his occupation being a "Newspaper Advertising Manager." When the Constitutional Club was formed in 1883, he was one of its original members.[24] Stanley was initiated into the Anglo-American Lodge (no. 2191), on the 21st of May 1889.Their regular meeting place was at the Criterion Restaurant, Piccadilly.[25] His occupation on joining was put down as "Accountant" and his address was 125, Strand, London W.C.[26]

He then applied to be a member of the Stock Exchange, and was posted as a member on the 24th of March 1890.[27] At first Stanley was a clerk, then a stockbroker and a junior partner of Thomas Toller Hurst Daniell, his brother in-law, from April 1891.[18][17] Thomas was also a member of the Anglo-American Lodge. On the 15th of May 1891, it was reported in the London Evening Standard that they were declared defaulters upon the stock exchange. This was due to the fact that George James, a stockbroker from Southport who Hurst, Daniell, Spooner & Co were acting as agents for, absconded and failed to pay losses he made on his account.[28] George James misappropriated £70,000. He was sentenced to five years in prison at Liverpool assizes on the 28th of July 1891. [29] Thomas Toller Hurst Daniell died in Hastings, on the 30th of September 1892. The value of his effects came to just £10. [30]

The Automotor And Horseless Vehicle Journal

On the 15th of October 1896, a monthly journal created by Stanley, titled The Automotor And Horseless Vehicle Journal, went on sale. It was published by F.king & Co.Ltd. The publishing and advertising offices were then at 62, St Martin's Lane, Charing Cross. Before August 1897, Stanley had become the Managing Director of F.king & Co.Ltd. advertising contractors.[31]

The first Sixpenny issue included a portrait and biography of Sir David Salomons, and also information about the 1896 Paris–Marseille–Paris Automobile race. [32][33] Underneath the title of Volume1, number 2, it stated the magazine was: "A Record And Review of Applied Automatic Locomotion." [34] Along with the latest racing news, and book reviews, the magazine over the years included technical drawings, diagrams, and reviews of the latest forms of automated transport. It also gave general news about the latest laws concerning automobiles, and the latest news on automobile clubs. The journal had a section titled "Correspondence", from the first issue. These were letters from the public, to the editor of the magazine, which Stanley would reply to in print in following issues. When Stanley Spooner started Flight magazine he would also have a "Correspondence" section from the first issue.

Stanley Spooner owned a motor car prior to 1900, and was a member of The Automobile Club of Great Britain and Ireland, from its beginnings.[35][36] He was on that Club's committee from 1900–1904.[37] While on this committee, he became friends with Charles Rolls, and John Moore-Brabazon, 1st Baron Brabazon of Tara.[38] The Aero Club of The United Kingdom was formed in 1901, and Charles Rolls was one of its founders. In its early years, this club was closely allied to The Automobile Club of Great Britain and Ireland. Charles Rolls, and John Moore-Brabazon, 1st Baron Brabazon of Tara, would go on to become pioneer aviators. Another pioneer aviator who Stanley went on to become friends with was Griffith Brewer. He was originally a Balloonist. On October the 8th 1908 he became the first Englishman to go up in an aeroplane. This occurred when he was a passenger to Wilbur Wright, near Le Mans in France. Griffith became friends of the Wrights, and Spooner was able to keep in contact with them via him. Charles Rolls on the same day and place became the second Englishman to go up in an aeroplane, after Griffith by also travelling as a passenger with Wilbur Wright.

From around 1900 The Automotor And Horseless Vehicle Journal had a subsection titled Aeronautics.[4] This section published information relating to early accomplishments in aviation.[39] An issue from September the 13th 1903, included information about the Wright brothers experiments.[40]Earlier that same year, the issue of the 16th of May 1903 included an article about Alberto Santos-Dumont and his Airship Number 9.[41]The October the 27th 1906 issue of that section also included an article about his flight at Bagatelle, on 23 October 1906 in the biplane 14-bis. [42] An issue from 18 January 1908 recorded the success of Henry Farman flying a 1-kilometer course in an aeroplane on 13 January 1908 at Issy, France and winning the Deutsch-Archdeacon prize. The issue of 25 April 1908 showed a diagram of official Wright patent drawings of their aeroplane.[43] From November 1908 eight weeks before Flight was published as a separate magazine, pages of The Automotor Journal that covered aeronautics, were bound in Flight covers. This was in order to establish copyright.[44][39]

Flight

On the 2nd of January 1909 the first issue of Flight went on sale.[39][45] It was the official journal of The Aero Club of The United Kingdom. Stanley was on that club's committee in 1909. The magazine recorded information about Aero Clubs throughout the country, ballooning, and model plane aircraft flying competitions, along with other things relating to aviation. On the first issue front cover was John Moore-Brabazon, 1st Baron Brabazon of Tara and a photograph of him flying his aeroplane. It recorded his flights at Issy, France, on the 3rd of December 1908. Underneath the main title on the first issue was the sub-heading: "A Second Englishman Flies." [46]The magazine credited Henry Farman as being the first Englishman to fly a heavier-than-air machine.[45]Henry had an English father and was born in France. But he did not take French nationality until 1937.[47]

The first printed letter addressed to the editor of Flight in the "Correspondence" section of that magazine came from Frederick W. Lanchester. He objected against Stanley giving support in his columns to the word "aerodrome", being used to define "a big open space for flying machines." Stanley respectfully disagreed.[48]

By 1917 the Flight offices had moved from St Martin's Lane, to 36, Great Queen Street, opposite Freemasons' Hall, London.[46]

During his time as editor, the magazine recorded the aerial accomplishments, among others of Charles Rolls, Louis Bleriot, Roland Garros, and Charles Lindbergh.

He sold Flight to Iliffe & Sons in 1934. Stanley had already sold his magazine The Auto.[4]

Death

Stanley Spooner died of Thrombosis at University College Hospital , Gower Street, London, on the 3rd of April 1940. He was buried on the 6th of April 1940 at Brookwood Cemetery.[4][49] Probate was granted on the 10th of June 1940, with the value of his effects coming to £116,064, 6 shillings and 9 pence. Along with Stanley's property at 36, Great Queen Street, he was also of The Leys, little Clacton, Essex, at the time of death. [3] Among bequests in Stanley's Will was one of £5,000 to the Royal Aeronautical Society. This was to set up an aeronautical research scholarship in his name.[50]

gollark: Skynet basically just lets you send messages via mine in a similar way to how modems work.
gollark: Without *someone*'s webserver, you *cannot* do cross-server communication in CC.
gollark: But it would probably be easier authentication-wise to have a dedicated HTTP/websocket server of some sort.
gollark: Skynet is the public version.
gollark: I think so.

References
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