Stanisław Ryniak

Stanisław Ryniak
Stanisław Ryniak
Born	21 November 1915; Sanok, Poland
Died	13 February 2004 (aged 88); Wrocław
Nationality	Polish
Alma mater	Wrocław University of Science and Technology
Occupation	Architect
Known for	First inmate of Auschwitz
Honours

Stanisław Ryniak (November 21, 1915 – February 13, 2004) was a Polish political prisoner of Auschwitz concentration camp during the Second World War. He was the first Polish prisoner in Auschwitz (that is, the one with the lowest number – 31).[1]

In May 1940, when he was 24, Ryniak was arrested by the Germans in his hometown of Sanok and was accused of being a member of the Polish resistance. He was transported to Tarnów prison on 7 May, together with 18 Poles from Jarosław, and arrived at Auschwitz on 14 June 1940, in the first mass transport of prisoners to the camp.[2]

Numbers were tattooed on prisoners' arms in the order of their arrival. The first 30 numbers were given to German criminal prisoners who would serve as camp guards. Ryniak's number was 31.[3][4]

In 1944 he was sent to the Leitmeritz work camp, in what is now the Czech Republic, where he was subjected to hard labour until the end of the war. On his release, he weighed 88 pounds. "I have no idea how I survived it all," Ryniak told the Polish news agency P.A.P. in a 1995 interview. "Where did I get the strength?"

He is buried in Wrocław, Poland.[5]

Honours

Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (2000)[6]
Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta[7]
Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta[7]
Auschwitz Cross[7]
Silver Cross of Merit (1954)[7]

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References

www.auschwitz.org. "News / Museum / Auschwitz-Birkenau". en.auschwitz.org.
Staff, From Times; Reports, Wire (2 March 2004). "Stanislaw Ryniak, 88; First Death Camp Inmate at Auschwitz" – via LA Times.
"事前検査で向き不向きを確かめよう". www.cympm.com.
ORNAK. "Dia-pozytyw: SHOAH". www.diapozytyw.pl.
"Stanislaw Ryniak, Auschwitz Inmate, Is Dead at 88". www.nytimes.com.
"Postanowienie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 2 listopada 2000 r. o nadaniu orderów i odznaczeń". prawo.sejm.gov.pl. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
Historia Okręgu Dolnośląskiego Polskiego Związku Byłych Więźniów Politycznych Hitlerowskich Więzień i Obozów Koncentracyjnych 1946-2002 (in Polish). Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej. 2003. p. 149.

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[1] www.auschwitz.org. "News / Museum / Auschwitz-Birkenau". en.auschwitz.org.

[2] Staff, From Times; Reports, Wire (2 March 2004). "Stanislaw Ryniak, 88; First Death Camp Inmate at Auschwitz" – via LA Times.

[3] "事前検査で向き不向きを確かめよう". www.cympm.com.

[4] ORNAK. "Dia-pozytyw: SHOAH". www.diapozytyw.pl.

[5] "Stanislaw Ryniak, Auschwitz Inmate, Is Dead at 88". www.nytimes.com.

[6] "Postanowienie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 2 listopada 2000 r. o nadaniu orderów i odznaczeń". prawo.sejm.gov.pl. Retrieved 29 October 2019.

[:0-7] Historia Okręgu Dolnośląskiego Polskiego Związku Byłych Więźniów Politycznych Hitlerowskich Więzień i Obozów Koncentracyjnych 1946-2002 (in Polish). Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej. 2003. p. 149.