St Nicolas Church, Newbury
St Nicolas Church is the parish church of Newbury, Berkshire, and is situated just south of the main bridge over the River Kennet, in the centre of the town. It is chiefly remarkable for the consistency of its Perpendicular Gothic architectural style and its unusually large size for a parish church.[1]
| St Nicolas Church | |
|---|---|
 A view from the south west | |
| |
| Location | Newbury |
| Country | England |
| Denomination | Church of England |
| Website | st-nicolas-newbury.org |
| History | |
| Founded | 1086 |
| Dedication | Saint Nicolas |
| Architecture | |
| Functional status | Active |
| Heritage designation | Grade I |
| Style | Gothic |
| Administration | |
| Archdeaconry | Berkshire |
| Diocese | Oxford |
History
St. Nicolas Church is dedicated to the eponymous Bishop of Myra in the fourth century. A church was first built in this spot during Norman times, and it is mentioned in a document of 1086 in which Ernulf of Hesding gives the church of the Abbey of Préaux.[2]
The present parish church was entirely rebuilt, probably between the years 1509-1533. It is in the architectural style of the late Perpendicular period. The presence of certain devices in the stonework, in particular the pomegranate device (the apple of Grenada) and the portcullis device (which appears on the Tudor royal Escutcheon) indicates that the church was built during the marriage of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, which ended in divorce during 1533.
In Fuller's "History of the Worthies of England", published in 1663, it is stated: "John Winchcombe, commonly called Jack of Newbury... built the church of Newbury, from the pulpit westward to the tower inclusively, and died about the year 1520".
Although the church was extensively restored by the Victorians, they made no major structural alterations.
Architecture
The plan of the church is typical for a parish church, consisting of nave and chancel with no transept. Considered large compared to other churches of the same style, the nave has a clerestory, lighted by five large three light windows on either side, and aisles with arcades of five arches each. These aisles open into what were chantry-chapels on either side of the chancel. The southern chantry-chapel still functions as such but the northern is used as a vestry and contains the organ.
There is a tower at the western end which contains a peal of ten bells and a Sanctus bell. The back eight bells date from 1803 and were cast from the now defunct Wells of Aldbourne bell foundry. The bells were re-hung in 1933 with new fittings and were augmented from 8 to 10 bells. The front 2 date from 1933 and were cast by Mears & Stainbank of Whitechapel Road, London. The tenor bell, which weighs 21-2-1 (1093 kg), is in the note of D.
The stained glass windows date from the Victorian restoration by Henry Woodyer as do the external crenellations along the roof-line, and the pinnacles and turrets of the tower.[3] There is a Jacobean Pulpit dating from 1607.
Today
The church continues to play a central role in both the Christian and wider cultural life of Newbury, fulfilling its purpose as an Evangelical Anglican parish church of Biblical preaching and worship.
The current Rector is the Rev Will Hunter Smart who was inducted to the parish in 2011.
Many schools attend this church, one such St. Nicholas C of E Junior school goes there every term for a service.
References
- Allen Lane (1999). Simon Jenkins England's Thousand Best Churches.
- W Money (1887). The History of Newbury.
- Tony Higgott (2001). The Story of Newbury. Countryside Books.
