Spring Hill, Somerville, Massachusetts

Spring Hill is the name of a ridge in the central part of the city of Somerville, Massachusetts, and the residential neighborhood that sits atop it. It runs northwest to southeast, roughly bounded by Highland Avenue, Somerville Avenue, Elm Street, and Willow Avenue. Summer Street runs along the hill's crest.

Spring Hill Historic District
View of Atherton Street, including Somerville's Round House
LocationSomerville, Massachusetts
Coordinates42°23′7″N 71°6′29″W
ArchitectLoring, George A.
Architectural styleMid 19th Century Revival, Queen Anne, Shingle Style
MPSSomerville MPS
NRHP reference No.89001222[1]
Added to NRHPSeptember 18, 1989

Spring Hill is a drumlin, one of many such hills in the Boston area composed of material deposited as glaciers of the Pleistocene epoch receded.[2]

Historically agricultural in character, Spring Hill was sparsely developed until the mid-19th century. Present-day Central, Lowell, and Cedar Streets trace their origins to the mid-17th century, but few other roads broke the open space. Most development took place in the neighborhood between the 1840s and early 1900s. Spring Hill has a fine selection of Greek Revival houses and Victorians including Second Empires, Italianates, Gothic Revivals and Queen Annes. Large houses were built in the neighborhood as well as smaller workers' houses and attached houses. In the early 1900s triple-deckers filled in the remaining land.[3]

Part of the Spring Hill neighborhood was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. The Spring Hill Historic District stretches from Summer, Central, Atherton and Spring Streets.

History
Topographical map showing contour of Spring Hill

Spring Hill was first developed in 1843 by George O. Brastow, an influential businessman who later became the first mayor of Somerville. He lotted one of Somerville's first residential subdivisions on the hill's south side between Central and Belmont Streets. Several original houses from this development remain on Atherton Street and off Harvard Street. The well-known Boston surveyor Alexander Wadsworth helped Brastow successfully lay out this subdivision to attract substantial homes on country estates for privileged suburbanites that held proprietary and managerial jobs. Its desirability was reinforced by expansive views of Cambridge and Boston, as well as easy access to Boston via the Fitchburg Railroad.[4] Brastow's subdivision is the centerpiece of the Spring Hill Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

In 1889, a water standpipe (tower) was erected on the hill between Belmont and Lowell Streets (present-day Bailey Park), making municipal drinking water available to Somerville residents at higher elevations, and so facilitated additional housing development in the city's more elevated areas.

By the end of the 19th century, the street grid had reached its present form, and the neighborhood filled with predominantly multi-family homes. Growth was fueled by the extension of streetcar lines from Lechmere Square and industrialization along Somerville Avenue and the Fitchburg Railroad.[5]

Spring Hill is home to Somerville Hospital, opened in 1891 on Highland Avenue, the Round House, located on Atherton Street, and the Somerville Museum, located on Central Street.

At one time this neighborhood was home to both journalist Howie Carr and Winter Hill Gang leader Howie Winter. They lived one street apart, on Madison Street and Montrose Street, respectively. This was revealed in Carr's book about Irish mobster James "Whitey" Bulger, "The Brothers Bulger."

Architecture and landmarks

There are several structures in Spring Hill that have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Spring Hill developed as a primarily residential neighborhood and most of its structures reflect that:[1]

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See also

References
  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008.
  2. "Drumlin (geology)". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
  3. Haskell, Albert. "Haskell's Historical Guide Book of Somerville, Massachusetts" (PDF). somervillema.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
  4. Parks & Open Space Department (16 October 2009). "Local Historic District Expansion Report: Introduction to Early Somerville 1600 - 1865" (PDF). somervillema.org. City of Somerville Office of Strategic Planning & Community Development. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
  5. Zellie, Carole (1982). Beyond the Neck: The Architecture and Development of Somerville, MA. ISBN 1-151-21105-2.
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