Spiritual death in Christianity

In Christian theology, spiritual death is separation from God caused by sin.[1]

For secular usage and overview of religions, see spiritual death

Protestantism

The phrase spiritual death is not found in Protestant scriptures, and definitions of the concept thus vary among Protestant Christians. Spiritual death is distinct from physical death and the second death. According to the doctrine of original sin, all people have a sinful nature and thus commit sin, and are thereby spiritually dead. Those who have faith in Jesus Christ are thereafter made spiritually alive. The unbeliever's physical death, subsequent resurrection, and final judgment is followed by the second death.[2]

Mormonism

Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints make a distinction between two types of spiritual death,[3] respectively termed a "temporal separation" and a "spiritual separation" from God.[4]

The first type is a physical separation from God the Father, which was caused by the Fall of Adam and Eve. Because of their choice, all their descendants are born into a fallen world that is physically separated from God's presence. This separation is necessary so that individuals can be tested to see whether they will continue to be obedient even when not in God's presence. This separation is overcome unconditionally when all people return to God's physical presence for the Judgment, according to Gerald N. Lund.[5]

The second type is a spiritual separation from God's spirit or influence, which is caused by individual sins; when we sin we alienate ourselves from the influence of the Holy Ghost, God's spiritual presence. This separation is absolutely unnecessary, and only impedes our growth and ability to develop Godly attributes. This separation begins its resolution through the covenant of baptism, after which a person receives the gift of the Holy Ghost. It is only overcome on the conditions of faith and repentance.[6]

This distinction between two kinds of spiritual death gives Mormonism a unique approach to the problem of evil, compared to the rest of Christianity. That is, it obviates the need to explain the suffering of innocents with reference to Adam and Eve's sin. Instead, it allows for mortal pain and suffering to be necessary without implying that sinning is necessary.[7]

gollark: Private keys are just data stored somewhere.
gollark: Remember to `set shell.allow_disk_startup false`!
gollark: Alternatively, I guess it might be faster if you use symmetric encryption, because presumably you won't give random people access to *either* device.
gollark: Oh, yes, that too.
gollark: Trouble is that ECC stuff in CC currently is... not fast.

See also

References
  1. Wayne Grudem, Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine (Zondervan, 1994): 810.
  2. Guy P. Duffield and Nathaniel M. Van Cleave, Foundations of Pentecostal Theology, 1983, (Los Angeles: Foursquare Media, 2008), p. 524.
  3. http://www.mormonwiki.com/Spiritual_Death
  4. Alma 42:7
  5. "The Fall of Man and His Redemption", Ensign, January 1990, p. 22.
  6. True to the Faith, "Death, Spiritual."
  7. David Paulsen, “Joseph Smith and the Problem of Evil."
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