Solemya elarraichensis

Solemya elarraichensis
	Holotype of Solemya elarraichensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Bivalvia
Order:	Solemyida
Family:	Solemyidae
Genus:	Solemya
Species:	S. elarraichensis
Binomial name
	Solemya elarraichensis; Oliver, Rodrigues & Cunha, 2011[1]

Solemya elarraichensis is a species of marine bivalve mollusc in the family Solemyidae. It is endemic to the deep-water mud volcano slopes in the Gulf of Cadiz in the eastern Atlantic Ocean.

Description

Solemya elarraichensis reaches a maximum length of about 35 mm (1.4 in). The fragile valves are equal in size and subcylindrical, with the beaks nearer the posterior end. The beaks are indistinct and the umbos sunken, and there are no hinge teeth. The ligament connecting the valves is primarily internal. The exterior of the shell is sculpted by fine radial ridges, about five at the posterior end and eleven at the anterior end. The shell has a persistent thin periostracum which extends beyond the valve margins. It is yellowish-brown at first but darkens with age.[2]

Distribution and habitat

Solemya elarraichensis is endemic to the volcanic area in the Gulf of Cadiz, off the coast of Spain. The whole area is under compressive deformation and mud volcanism and the processes associated with the escape of hydrocarbon-rich fluids sustain a broad diversity of chemosynthetic organisms. The area includes over forty mud volcanoes, a type of cold seep, at depths between 200 and 4,000 m (656 and 13,123 ft), and active methane seepage occurs in several places.[2]

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References

WoRMS (2014). "Solemya elarraichensis Oliver, Rodrigues & Cunha, 2011". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2014-02-21.
Oliver, Graham; Rodrigues, Clara F.; Cunha, Marina R. (2011). "Chemosymbiotic bivalves from the mud volcanoes of the Gulf of Cadiz, NE Atlantic, with descriptions of new species of Solemyidae, Lucinidae and Vesicomyidae". ZooKeys. 113: 1–38. doi:10.3897/ZooKeys.113.1402. PMC 3187628. PMID 21976991.

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[WoRMS-1] WoRMS (2014). "Solemya elarraichensis Oliver, Rodrigues & Cunha, 2011". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2014-02-21.

[Oliver-2] Oliver, Graham; Rodrigues, Clara F.; Cunha, Marina R. (2011). "Chemosymbiotic bivalves from the mud volcanoes of the Gulf of Cadiz, NE Atlantic, with descriptions of new species of Solemyidae, Lucinidae and Vesicomyidae". ZooKeys. 113: 1–38. doi:10.3897/ZooKeys.113.1402. PMC 3187628. PMID 21976991.