Slavoljub Eduard Penkala

Slavoljub Eduard Penkala (Croatian pronunciation: [slâʋɔʎuːb ɛ̂duard pɛŋkǎːla]) (20 April 1871 – 5 February 1922) was a Croatian engineer and inventor of Dutch-Polish descent.[1][2]

Slavoljub Penkala
Slavoljub Penkala in 1920
Born
Eduard Pękała

(1871-04-20)20 April 1871
Liptószentmiklós, Kingdom of Hungary, Austria-Hungary
(present-day Slovakia)
Died5 February 1922(1922-02-05) (aged 50)
Zagreb, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
(present-day Croatia)
Resting placeMirogoj Cemetery
NationalityCroatian
EducationRoyal Saxon Polytechnic Institute (Ph.D., 1898)
Occupation
  • Inventor
  • aviation pioneer
  • entrepreneur
Known forInventing the mechanical pencil
Spouse(s)Emily Stoffregen
Children4

Biography
"Penkala-Moster" pen and pencil company in Zagreb

Eduard Penkala was born in Liptószentmiklós (now Liptovský Mikuláš), then part of Austria-Hungary, to Franciszek Pękała, who was of Polish heritage, and Maria Pękała (née Hannel), who was of Dutch descent. He attended the University of Vienna and Royal Saxon Polytechnic Institute, graduating from the latter on March 25, 1898, and going on to earn a doctorate in organic chemistry. During his studies, he attended violin lessons where he met his future wife, pianist Emily Stoffregen. He then moved with his wife to Zagreb (which was then in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia). To mark his loyalty to his new homeland, he took on the Croatian name Slavoljub (Croatian for "slavophile"), becoming a naturalized Croat.

He became renowned for further development of the mechanical pencil (1906)[3] - then called an "automatic pencil" - and the first solid-ink fountain pen (1907).[4] Collaborating with an entrepreneur by the name of Edmund Moster, he started the Penkala-Moster Company and built a pen-and-pencil factory that was one of the biggest in the world at the time. The company, now called TOZ Penkala, still exists today.

He also constructed the first Croatian aircraft to fly in the country, the Penkala 1910 Biplane, flown by Dragutin Novak, who was also the first Croatian pilot. He constructed and invented many other products and devices, and held a total of 80 patents.

Among his patented inventions were:

He also founded another company called the Elevator Chemical Manufacturing Company, which produced various chemicals such as detergents, sealing wax, and "Radium Vinovica", a patent-medicine – like product that was billed as curing rheumatism.

He had four children with his wife, Emily.

Penkala died in Zagreb at the age of 50, after catching pneumonia on a business trip. He was buried at the Mirogoj Cemetery.[5]

gollark: > Chromium> respects your privacy
gollark: Apparently this data also includes a ridiculously detailed log of my use of some Android apps. How wonderful.
gollark: They just asked me to put in a password and sent an email.
gollark: Old contacts, that is, from before I got rid of Google services on my phone.
gollark: ... why does this "takeout" archive have my contacts as *jpegs*?!

See also

References
  1. "Google obilježio 141. godišnjicu rođenja Slavoljuba Penkale" (in Croatian). Nova TV. 2012-04-20. Retrieved 2012-04-20.
  2. HINA (2012-04-20). "Google se sjetio Penkale" (in Croatian). Business.hr. Archived from the original on 2012-04-20. Retrieved 2012-04-20.
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2008-10-06. Retrieved 2008-08-21.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-04-06. Retrieved 2007-03-12.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. (in Croatian) Gradska groblja Zagreb: Slavoljub Eduard Penkala, Mirogoj RKT-78-I-117
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