Sir Edward Lake, 1st Baronet

Sir Edward Lake (1600 [1][2] - 18 July 1674 [3][4]) was an eminent Lawyer who became Advocate general of Ireland. He was a Royalist badly wounded in the Battle of Edgehill, and was the first of the Lake baronets. Sir Edward also became Chancellor and Vicar General of the diocese of Lincoln, England.

Origins

Edward Lake was the oldest son of Richard Lake and his first wife Anne, (or Ann) née Wardall[1] This surname was sometimes spelled as "Wardell".[3][5] His parents were married on the 18th of May 1600 in Keelby, Lincolnshire.[6][7] On the same day at Keelby, Anne's sister Margaret, married John Markham.[6][8] Anne[lower-alpha 1] was a daughter of Edward Wardall, a yeoman,[14] who was a Churchwarden of Keelby in May 1600.[6][15] Ann's mother, "Jannett Wardell" was buried in Habrough, on the 15th of May 1595.[lower-alpha 2][21] Edward Lake's maternal grandfather Edward Wardall, was buried on the 8th of July 1619 in Keelby.[22][23][lower-alpha 3] Edwards Lake's father, Richard, was born in 1570 in Irby upon Humber and baptized there on the 16th of July. He was a son of John Lake.[24] Irby is just over five and a half miles from the village of Keelby. Richard's first wife died before 1615. His second wife was Anne Morrelly [1] (or "Morriley"). She was baptized in Claxby, Lincolnshire, on the 1st of February 1583.[25] Their oldest son, Thomas Lake,[1] was baptized in Tetney, on the 11th of August 1615.[26] Richard Lake was a Tailor, and died in 1626 in Tetney. He made his will on the 2nd of September 1626.[27]

Early life and education

Edward was born in 1600[1] and baptized on the 22nd of February 1600, in Tetney, Lincolnshire.[2] This was nine months after his parents were married, as prior to 1752, England used the Julian Calendar, and the year began on the 25th of March.[28] A memorial inscription in All Saints' Church, Normanton, Yorkshire states that he was 77 when he died on the 18th of July 1674,[4][lower-alpha 4] which would point to him being born in about 1597. However, it was not uncommon at this time for there to be errors on ages at burial.

When his father Richard died in Tetney in September 1626, Edward was named as Richard's oldest son in his will. Richard left Edward two shillings. The rest of Edward's half-siblings were to have thirty shillings each.[27] Edward's stepmother died a year later in Tetney. He was not mentioned in the will of his stepmother. But Edward's half-siblings, Thomas, Ambrose, John, Luke, and Anne all were. These five half-siblings of Edward were all previously mentioned in the will of Richard Lake.[27][lower-alpha 5] Thomas, John, and Luke, were later mentioned in Edward's original will, dated the 8th of April 1665 in Lincoln.[lower-alpha 6][29][31][38] Anne's brother, John Morriley of Claxby, was named as the executor of her will. John had previously been named as Richard's brother in-law, and executor of Richard Lake's will in 1626.[27][39]

He studied at St Catharine Hall, Cambridge, and gained a BA in 1626. He then studied at St Alban's Hall, Oxford (now incorporated into Merton College), and graduated as a BCL (Bachelor of Civil Law), from there on the 24th of January 1628.[35][40] In the following year, Edward received a Master of Arts from Cambridge University. In 1636, he was incorporated at Cambridge as an LL.B (Bachelor of Laws), graduating in 1637 as an LL.D (Legum Doctor).[34]

Adult life

Edward Lake became a lawyer and was appointed Advocate general of Ireland.[35] From 1639 he represented Cavan in the Irish Parliament, and helped to draft the clerical subsidies bill in the following year. But he was expelled from the Commons in Ireland on the 9th of November 1640. This was as a result of "misconduct" while on a grand committee that was set up to investigate certain privileges which had been claimed by Michael Stanhope, the register.[34][41][42]

Following the outbreak of the English Civil War he joined the Royalist forces and fought in the Battle of Edgehill, on Sunday the 23rd of October 1642. In this battle he received sixteen wounds. His left arm was wounded by a shot. He bravely held the bridle of his horse with his teeth, while fighting with his sword in the right hand.[43][44] He was captured and imprisoned at Great Crosby, Lancashire, but escaped after seven weeks. Edward was safe in Bangor, Caernarvonshire by Christmas of 1642.[3]

On the 30th of December 1643 King Charles I awarded him a warrant for a baronetcy in recognition of his services, but no patent was taken out at the time.[45] Charles I also promised him some compensation for the loss of his estates. Following the Restoration, he petitioned for the restoration of lands, preferment, and the award of the baronetcy. He was made Chancellor of the diocese of Lincoln in 1660.[46][47][48] In this position Edward was the Bishop's Chancellor. This was a separate role from the Chancellor of the cathedral.[49]

The copy of a Patent confirming the armorial augmentations to Sir Edward Lake were signed and sealed by Sir William Dugdale, Norroy King of Arms on the 12th of June 1661.[50] He was not given back his lands but was given a baronetcy. He was given the baronetcy of Carnow, County Wicklow Ireland, by patent. This baronetcy was created on the 10th of July 1661.[34]

Sir Edward became Vicar General of the diocese of Lincoln in 1661. In this role, Edward was the principal official of the Bishop of Lincoln.[51] On the 14th of November 1666, Edward King (Parliamentarian), presented a petition of grievances against Sir Edward Lake at a parliamentary committee. These grievances included extortion and other illegal conduct. Edward King printed and published a petition against Sir Edward. The accusations published were judged to be false, and "stuffed with illegal assertions, ineptitudes, imperfections, clogged with gross ignorances, absurdities, and solecisms. "[46] And so Edward satisfied this committee about his conduct, and the case was judged in his favour at the Guildhall in London, on the 22nd of May 1667.[3][52]

Marriage

Edward Lake married Anne Bibye, daughter of Simon Bibye of Bugden, Huntingdonshire.[34] They were married on the 13th of January 1629, at the church of St Martin Orgar, London. At the time of marriage, Edward was described on the register as a gent of St Margaret's parish in Westminster.[53] They had one son, Edward Lake, who died before 1665.[3] He was baptized on the 13th of November 1630 at the church of St Margaret's, Westminster, London.[54] Anne was still alive at the time that Sir Edward Lake made his will in Lincoln on the 8th of April 1665. But she had died by the time he made the first codicil to his will on the 6th of October 1670.[29]

Death and burial

Sir Edward Lake died on the 18th of July 1674.[3][4] He died at Bishop Norton, Lincolnshire.[lower-alpha 7] He was buried two days later in Lincoln Cathedral.[32] Edward's wife Anne had previously been buried in the cathedral. In the codicil to his will dated the 8th of June 1674, he wished to be buried as near to his wife in the cathedral as possible.[29] The burial was registered at the church of St Margaret In The Close, Lincoln.[33][34] A memorial to Sir Edward Lake was erected on a pillar near the west door of the cathedral.[56] This memorial was placed there by Sir Edward's nephew and heir, Thomas Lake. At some point before 1730, this monument fell into disrepair. The part of his monument exhibiting the arms, and crest of Sir Edward Lake survived. The remains of this were exhibited in a small chapel in Lincoln Cathedral, called Bishop Russell's chantry.[49] A few years before 1907, part of Edward's monument displaying his arms and crest, were fixed to the south wall of the cloister in Lincoln Cathedral. By this time it had broken in two pieces. The Latin inscription on the monument had been lost. But it was written down on paper, and was published in 1848, by Rev. S. Blois Turner, in the Lincoln volume of his book Proceedings Of The Archaeological Institute. On the 11th of April 1907 a tablet in marble with the original Latin inscription carved upon it was fixed below the remains of the arms and crest. It was erected by the Dean and Chapter, with descendants of Thomas Lake, and members of the Curtois families.[57]

The Fate of His Baronetcy

The baronetcy became extinct on his death. But in 1711 his great-nephew Bibye Lake, son of Sir Edward's heir, Thomas, successfully petitioned to be made a baronet in recognition of his great-uncle's services to the Crown and the circumstances in which the baronetcy had become extinct.[48]

Notes
  1. Ann's oldest sister, Ursula Wardall, was baptized in Killingholme, on the 24th of December 1573.[9] Ann's other sister, Margaret who was married on the same day as Ann, was baptized in Killingholme, on the 19th of February 1576.[10] No baptism specifically for an "Ann/Anne Wardall" can be found as a daughter of Edward Wardall for around this time. However, further down the same page in the Killingholme register that Margaret's baptism is recorded on there was an "Angnis Wardall, dowghter of Edward Wardall." This baptism occurred in February 1578 with the actual date being obscured.[10] Angnis may have actually been Annis and shortened over time to Ann by 1600 at the time of her marriage to Richard Lake. Ann also had a younger sister named Katherine (transcribed Kattran), who was baptized in Killingholme on the 5th of June 1582.[11] Katherine was buried in Habrough, Lincolnshire, on the 31st of May 1593.[12] Ann became the youngest daughter of Edward Wardall after this date. She is described as the youngest daughter and co-heir of Edward Wardall of Keelby in the 1666 Visitation of Lincolnshire, among other sources.[1] Habrough is 3.6 miles north from Keelby. This was the same village that Ann's oldest sister Ursula, married George Dean at on the 11th of November 1594.[13] It was also the same village where Ann's mother was buried in 1595.
  2. Edward Wardall married "Joan" Swallow as written in the parish register in Killingholme, Lincolnshire, on the 13th of January 1572.This date is using the "old style" calendar.[16] His bride was a widow of Edward Swallow who was buried on the 23rd of March 1571 (two days before the end of that year) in Killingholme.[17] Prior to this she was a widow of Stephen Milson, who was buried on the 26th of January 1566 in Killingholme.[18] Edward Swallow and "Joan" Milson were married in Killingholme, on the 20th of July 1567.[16] In Edward Swallow's will, he mentions Dorothy Milson as his daughter in-law. And he names his wife as "Janet/Jennet.'"[19] This name is a variant transcription of Joan or Jane. Ann's half-brother, Michael Swallow, also mentioned in Edward Swallow's will, married in Keelby the day after Ann and her sister Margaret.[20]
  3. He was buried five days after the burial of his second wife in Keelby: "Ciceleye Wardall, wife of Edward Wardall"[22]
  4. This memorial inscription at All Saint's Church in Normanton, was laid in reference to a clock left in Sir Edward Lake's will as a gift to the church. He was not even aware that there was a church at Normanton, which was the home to his paternal ancestors: "To the church or chappell of Normanton, near Pontefract, in Yorkshire (if there be a church or chappell there, which I know not), where my paternall ancestors have lived for many years, a clock, and a sum for the maintaining and keeping of it forever. "[29] The memorial at Normanton is written in latin. His death date is shown as "18 die Julii", it should actually read "18 die lulii" for July.[30] George Edward Cockayne's Complete Baronetage, page 313, states that Sir Edward Lake died on the 18th of April 1674. But the same page also then states that Sir Edward made the last codicil to his will on the 8th of June 1674. And in this codicil he is described as being "of Bishop Norton in the county of Lincoln."This is the same village as stated on his Normanton memorial. Sir Edward's will, before the later added codicils in it, was written at Lincoln, on the 8th of April 1665.[29] And he did indeed make the last codicil to that will on the 8th of June 1674. His residence at that time in this codicil is given as Bishop Norton. Part of this June the 8th 1674 codicil was that he wished: "To be buryed in Lincoln Minster as neare as may be to my deare wife as the Deane and Chapter will give leave, if not at Norton. "[29][31] And Edward was buried in Lincoln Cathedral on the 20th of July 1674. The burial register of the church of St Margaret In The Close Lincoln, referring to Sir Edward's burial in 1674 reads "Sr Ed'Lake, buried in the Minster - July.20."[32][33] This burial date is also given in George Edward Cockayne's book Complete Baronetage, further on the same page that he earlier had given the 18th of April 1674, as being Edward's death date.[34] Therefore the death date of the 18th of April 1674 for Sir Edward Lake, given by George Edward Cockayne was a mistake by him. This same death date of the 18th of April 1674, has also been given for Edward on A Cambridge Alumni Database. The source for this date of death again comes from George Edward Cockayne, but this time his Lincolnshire Pedigrees book.[35]
  5. In the will of Richard Lake, he mentions his son, also named Richard.[27] This Richard was not mentioned a year later in the will of Anne Lake, just as Edward was not mentioned.
  6. John Lake was baptized on the 19th of November 1618, in Tetney.[36] Luke Lake was baptized on the 18th of October 1620, in Tetney.[37]
  7. The memorial to Sir Edward Lake in Lincoln Cathedral in Latin states he was of Norton "Depositum D. Edri Lake de Norton". Also, the monument to Thomas Lake, nephew to Sir Edward (son of Edward's half-brother Thomas), and Sir Edward's heir, states that Sir Edward was "Late of Bishop's Norton, in the county of Lincoln"[55]

Writings
  • An account of his interviews with Charles I, edited by T. P. Taswell-Langmead for Camden Society's Miscellany. vol. iv, 1858
  • Memoranda: touching the Oath Exofficio, pretended Self-Accusation, and Canonical Purgation. Together with some notes about the making of some new, and alteration and explanation of some old, laws. All most humbly submitted to the consideration of this Parliament, London, 1662.
gollark: And actually release information on what they record.
gollark: They could, I don't know, release stuff 10 years after it's whatevered.
gollark: I totally trust them!
gollark: Not really.
gollark: Oh, and that's another issue, lack of transparency.

References
  1. "Lake of Irby & Lincoln."Visitation of Lincolnshire 1666, Lincoln Record Society vol.8, pub. 1917, p.35
  2. "England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J3Q5-34W : 11 February 2018, Edward Laikes, 22 Feb 1600); citing , index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 505,760.
  3. Lee, Sidney, ed. (1892). "Lake, Edward (1600?-1674)" . Dictionary of National Biography. 31. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  4. "INTRODUCTION."Sir Edward Lake's Account of His Interviews With Charles I. On Being Created A Baronet, And Receiving An Augmentation To His Arms, edited by T. P. Taswell-Langmead for Camden Society's Miscellany. vol. iv, 1858.p.vi
  5. Lincolnshire Pedigrees vol. 2, Canon A R Madison, Harleian Society 1903, p.577
  6. "Lincolnshire Marriages Image.", KEELBY PAR/1/1: Keelby Parish Register 1565-1705: Baptisms, Burials & Marriages (1600), Lincolnshire Archives, p.19A.Via find my past.
  7. "England Marriages, 1538–1973 ," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NF3Y-6QL : 9 March 2018), Richard Laye and Ann Wardall, 18 May 1600; citing Keelby, Lincoln, England, reference M02948-3, index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 1,541,933.
  8. "England Marriages, 1538–1973 ," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NF3Y-NCG : 9 March 2018), John Markam and Margaret Wardall, 18 May 1600; citing Keelby, Lincoln, England, reference M02948-3, index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 1,541,933.
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  19. "Edward Swallow, Killingholme." Lincoln Consistory Court Wills, 1572, ii, 242. Lincolnshire Archives.
  20. "England Marriages, 1538–1973 ," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NF3Y-6WQ : 9 March 2018), Michael Swallow and Elizabeth Robinson, 19 May 1600; citing Keelby, Lincoln, England, reference M02948-3, index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 1,541,933.
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  24. "England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NX1D-SZW : 10 February 2018, Richard Lakes, ); citing 2:336C41B, index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 1,541,933.
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  26. "England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J3Q5-3B9 : 11 February 2018, Thomas Lakes, 11 Aug 1615); citing , index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 505,760.
  27. "Richard Lakes, Tailor, Tetney." Lincoln Consistory Court Wills, Tetney 1626, no.572. Lincolnshire Archives.
  28. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates
  29. "Will of Sir Edward Lake of Lincoln, Lincolnshire".PROB 11 - Prerogative Court of Canterbury and related Probate Jurisdictions: Will Registers. PROB 11/348/267 . The National Archives, Kew.
  30. Beautiful Antique Clocks from Around the World - Descriptions, Stories, and the History of These Beautiful Clocks, Anon, Read Books Ltd, 16 Apr 2013. Google book preview. No page number listed.
  31. Ancestry.com. England & Wales, Prerogative Court of Canterbury Wills, 1384-1858 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. Original Data: The National Archives; Kew, England; Prerogative Court of Canterbury and Related Probate Jurisdictions: Will Registers; Class: PROB 11; Piece: 348
  32. ST MARGARET IN THE CLOSE PAR/1/1: Burials 1538-1681, image page 47 Lincs To The Past Website.
  33. "Lincolnshire Burials Image, © Lincolnshire Archives, Findmypast."Sr Edward Lake, 20 July 1674, St Margaret In The Close, Lincoln.p.40.
  34. Cockayne, G.E., Complete Baronetage Vol.III, 1903, p.313.
  35. "Lake, Edward (LK626E)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  36. "England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JMXW-MPN : 11 February 2018, John Lakes, 19 Nov 1618); citing , index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 505,760.
  37. "England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NYPQ-8VM : 11 February 2018, Luke Lakes, 18 Oct 1620); citing , index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 505,760.
  38. "INTRODUCTION."Sir Edward Lake's Account of His Interviews With Charles I. On Being Created A Baronet, And Receiving An Augmentation To His Arms, edited by T. P. Taswell-Langmead for Camden Society's Miscellany. vol. iv, 1858.p.vii
  39. "Anne Lakes, Widow, Tetney." Lincoln Consistory Court Wills, Tetney 1627, no.321. Lincolnshire Archives.
  40. "INTRODUCTION."Sir Edward Lake's Account of His Interviews With Charles I. On Being Created A Baronet, And Receiving An Augmentation To His Arms, edited by T. P. Taswell-Langmead for Camden Society's Miscellany. vol. iv, 1858. p.iv
  41. "Enforcing the new order, 1635-40." The Reconstruction of the Church of Ireland: Bishop Bramhall and the Laudian Reforms, 1633-1641, (Cambridge Studies In Early Modern British History),John McCafferty, Cambridge University Press, 26 July 2007. p.166
  42. "The downfall of reconstruction, 1640-1641."The Reconstruction of the Church of Ireland: Bishop Bramhall and the Laudian Reforms, 1633-1641, (Cambridge Studies In Early Modern British History),John McCafferty, Cambridge University Press, 26 July 2007. p.211
  43. Sir Edward Lake's Account of His Interviews With Charles I. On Being Created A Baronet, And Receiving An Augmentation To His Arms, edited by T. P. Taswell-Langmead for Camden Society's Miscellany. vol. iv, 1858.p.16.
  44. Foster, Peerage and Baronetage 1882, p.369
  45. Sir Edward Lake's Account of His Interviews With Charles I. On Being Created A Baronet, And Receiving An Augmentation To His Arms, edited by T. P. Taswell-Langmead for Camden Society's Miscellany. vol. iv, 1858.p.17
  46. Actions on the case for defamation':'"KING v LAKE (1667)."Baker and Milsom Sources of English Legal History: Private Law to 1750, John Hamilton Baker, Stroud Francis Charles Milsom, Oxford, 2010, p.712
  47. Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1660–1, pp. 41, 53
  48. Burke's Peerage 1938 p.1472
  49. "MEMORIALS OF SIR EDWARD LAKE. From Original Evidence, Communicated by Rev. S.Blois Turner.", Proceedings Of The Archaeological Institute Pall Mall, London, 1848, pp.195-196.
  50. Sir Edward Lake's Account of His Interviews With Charles I. On Being Created A Baronet, And Receiving An Augmentation To His Arms, edited by T. P. Taswell-Langmead for Camden Society's Miscellany. vol. iv, 1858.p.19.
  51. "Case 20. Lake Bar. versus King.", The Reports of the Most Learned Sir Edmund Saunders, Knt: Of Several Pleadings and Cases in the Court of King's Bench, in the Time of the Reign of His Most Excellent Majesty King Charles the Second. [1666-1672], Volume 1 p.120
  52. "Case 20. Lake Bar. versus King.", The Reports of the Most Learned Sir Edmund Saunders, Knt: Of Several Pleadings and Cases in the Court of King's Bench, in the Time of the Reign of His Most Excellent Majesty King Charles the Second. [1666-1672], Volume 1 pp.120-134.
  53. Ancestry.com. London, England, Church of England Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, 1538-1812 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Original Data: Church of England Parish Registers, 1538-1812. London, England: London Metropolitan Archives. Reference Number: P69/ALB/A/01/Ms 10107
  54. "England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J361-ZYB : 11 February 2018, Edward Lake, 13 Nov 1630); citing , index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 908,519.
  55. "LAKE, of the Middle-Temple."The English Baronetage,Volume v, Thomas Wotton, London, 1741.p.135
  56. The History of Lincoln: With an Appendix, Containing a List of the Members Returned to Serve in Parliament, as Also of the Mayors and Sheriffs of the City, Adam Stark, Lincoln, 1810. p.77.
  57. "MEMORIAL TO A LINCOLNSHIRE WORTHY." Lincolnshire Echo, Friday 12 April 1907, p.2. © 2019 Findmypast Newspaper Archive Limited - Findmypast in partnership with the British Library.
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