Singju

Singju (pronounced sing-zoo) is a dish from Manipur. It originated with the Meitei culture but has been widely adopted by most of the ethnic communities of the state and in some neighbouring states of Northeast India. Often served as a spicy side dish, it is also a popular as an afternoon or evening snack.

Singju
A Typical Manipuri Cuisine, Singju. Yongchaak Singju type is shown here.
Place of originIndia
Region or stateManipur
Variationsseasonal vegetables

Given that its main ingredient are seasonal vegetables, Singju has many variations. However, there are two main types: Veg (vegetarian) and Non-Veg.

The veg version of this dish is mainly reserved for ritual occasions where there meat/fish consumption is prohibited.  Non-Veg is the more popular version, and includes the traditional fermented fish, Ngari.

History
A vegetarian Singju with lotus root as the main ingredient

Manipur, being one of the most ancient independent kingdoms of South Asia, before becoming a part of India in 1949, has many distinctive local customs and traditions, owing to various influences throughout time. The word "Singju" comes from two words - "Manaa-Masing" and "Suba". "Manaa-Masing" means green vegetables and "Suba" means combining. Therefore, in rapid pronunciation the word "Manaa-Masing" drops to "Sing" and the word "Suba" transform to "Ju" for the better pronouncement. As a result, the word, "Singju" was born.

Preparation
A non-veg Singju by Lotus stem as its main ingredient

Singju is a versatile dish that may be made vegetarian or non-vegetarian. There are two distinct ways to prepare singju.

Veggie Singju

A veggie singju is mainly served in ritual feasts of the Meitei which are observed at home courtyards or shrine yards, or community complexes. It can be eaten at family homes too, but typically people prefer the non-veg versions in a non-ritual context.

In this form of the dish, the main ingredients are perilla seeds (thoiding in Meitei), chanaa powder, salt, chillies and various green leafy vegetables (compatible vegetables are listed below).

Non-veg Singju

A non-veg version of singju is mainly eaten at home, and widely sold in restaurants all over Manipur, and in some other areas of India as well. The tag "non-veg" is because of the use of the fermented fish ingredient Ngari. Because of this, it can not be served at ritual feasts of the community, which must be vegetarian.

In this type, the main ingredients are Ngari (a Manipuri form of fermented fish), salt, chillies and green leafy vegetables (compatible vegetables' list are listed below).[1]

Common Singju Vegetable Ingredients
Heinou metpa is a type of singju made with mango fruit. It is a veggie type.

Any vegetable can be used to make singju, but some are more popular than others. Popular additions include:

  1. Lotus stem (Thambou in Meitei)
  2. Stink Bean (Yongchaak)
  3. Cabbage (Kobiful)
  4. Cauliflower (Kobi-Lei)
  5. Hawai Debi or Tebi
  6. Hawai Maton
  7. Unripe Papaya (Awaa Thabi)
  8. Banana Flower (Laphu Tharo)
  9. Rice Bean (Chakhawai)
  10. Onion (Tilhou)

Morok Metpa or Ametpa
A smaller version of Singju. Usually eaten with meals.

Morok Metpa or Ametpa is another singju like dish. Morok means chilli and Metpa/Ametpa meaning crush. It is traditionally eaten along with daily meals at home but are not served at rituals. Like singju, it can be prepared in two ways, veg and non-veg, the former is usually eaten during the mourning period until the shraddha ceremony or on days when people skip any type of fish/meat due to religious beliefs. It is usually made by frying red chillies, chives and onions as opposed to the usual steamed or roasted fermented fish and chillies eaten everyday.

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See also

References
  1. "recipe of a type of eromba and singju, ethnic dishes from manipur".
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