Selenga

The Selenga or Selenge (/sɛlɛŋˈɡɑː/[1] Mongolian: Сэлэнгэ мөрөн, romanized: Selenge mörön; Buryat: Сэлэнгэ гол / Сэлэнгэ мүрэн, romanized: Selenge gol / Selenge müren; Russian: Селенга́, IPA: [sʲɪlʲɪnˈɡa]) is a major river in Mongolia and Buryatia, Russia. Originating from its headwater tributaries, the Ider and the Delger mörön, it flows for 992–1,024 kilometres (616–636 mi)[2][3][4] before draining into Lake Baikal. The Selenga therefore makes up the most distant headwaters of the Yenisey-Angara river system.

Selenga
Selenge
Selenga River in Russia
Native nameСеленга
Сэлэнгэ
Location
CountryRussia, Mongolia
Physical characteristics
SourceDelgermörön
2nd sourceIder
Source confluenceOlon golyn bilchir
 • locationKhövsgöl, Mongolia
 • coordinates49°15′40″N 100°40′45″E
MouthLake Baikal
Length992 km (616 mi)
Basin size447,000 km2 (173,000 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • locationUst-Kyakhta
 • average284 m3/s (10,000 cu ft/s)
 • minimum23 m3/s (810 cu ft/s)February
 • maximum601 m3/s (21,200 cu ft/s)August
Basin features
ProgressionLake Baikal→ Angara→ Yenisey→ Kara Sea
Tributaries 
 • rightUda

Carrying 935 cubic metres per second (33,000 cu ft/s) of water into Lake Baikal, it makes up almost half of the riverine inflow into the lake, and forms a wide delta of 680 square kilometres (260 sq mi) when it reaches the lake.

Name

The name Selenge comes from Mongolian seleh, which means "to swim". 'Selenga' is the russified version of the same.

An alternate source believes the name originated with the Evenki word sele ("iron") to which the nga suffix was added.[5]

The Selenge Province of Mongolia is named after the river.

  • Automobile bridge over the Selenga River in the city of Ulan-Ude
  • Railway bridge over the Selenga River outside of Ulan Ude, Russia

Tributaries

The largest tributaries of the Selenga are, from source to mouth:

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See also

References
  1. "Selenga", Dictionary.com
  2. H. Barthel, Mongolei-Land zwischen Taiga und Wüste, Gotha 1990, p.34f
  3. "Сэлэнгэ мөрөн". www.medeelel.mn. Archived from the original on December 5, 2012. Retrieved July 16, 2007.
  4. "Селенга". Great Soviet Encyclopedia. www.yandex.ru. Retrieved May 5, 2009.
  5. E.M. Pospelov, Географические названия Мира (Geograficheskie nazvaniya mira, Moscow: Russkie slovari, 1998), p. 378.
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