Science Advisor to the President

The Science Advisor to the President is an individual charged with providing advisory opinions and analysis on science and technology matters to the President of the United States. The first Science Advisor, Vannevar Bush, chairman of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, served Presidents Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman from 1941 to 1951. President Truman created the President's Science Advisory Committee in 1951, establishing the chairman of this committee as the President's Science Advisor. This committee continued under Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Richard M. Nixon until 1973. Nixon terminated the committee rather than appointing a replacement for his advisor who had resigned. The US Congress established the Office of Science and Technology Policy in 1976, re-establishing Presidential Science Advisors to the present day.

In July 2018, President Donald Trump nominated meteorologist Kelvin Droegemeier for the position.[1] Droegemeier was confirmed by the Senate on January 2, 2019, the final day of the 115th United States Congress.[2][3] He was sworn in by Vice President Mike Pence on February 11, 2019.[4]

History

World War II

The OSTP evolved out of the Office of Scientific Research and Development created in 1941 during World War II by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Vannevar Bush chaired this office through Roosevelt's death in 1945, and continued under Roosevelt's successor Harry S. Truman until 1951.

PSAC

After the war, President Harry S. Truman replaced the OSRD with the Science Advisory Committee in 1951. The office was moved to the White House on November 21, 1957, by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to provide advice and recommendation in response to the Space Race started by the USSR's launch of the first artificial Earth satellite, Sputnik 1.

OSTP

President Richard M. Nixon eliminated the PSAC in 1973, rather than appointing a replacement for his second Science Advisor, Edward E. David Jr., who resigned. The United States Congress established the OSTP in 1976 with a broad mandate to advise the President and others within the Executive Office of the President on the effects of science and technology on domestic and international affairs. The 1976 Act also authorizes OSTP to lead inter-agency efforts to develop and to implement sound science and technology policies and budgets and to work with the private sector, state and local governments, the science and higher education communities, and other nations toward this end.

Science Advisors

	Agency	President	Term
Vannevar Bush	OSRD	Franklin D. Roosevelt	1941–1945
Vannevar Bush	OSRD	Harry S. Truman	1945–1951
Oliver E. Buckley	PSAC		1951–1952
Lee Alvin DuBridge			1952–1953
Lee Alvin DuBridge		Dwight Eisenhower	1953–1956
Isidor Isaac Rabi			1956–1957
James Killian			1957–1959
George Kistiakowsky			1959–1961
Jerome B. Wiesner		John F. Kennedy	1961–1963
Jerome B. Wiesner		Lyndon B. Johnson	1963–1964
Donald F. Hornig		Lyndon B. Johnson	1964–1969
Lee A. DuBridge		Richard Nixon	1969–1970
Edward E. David Jr.		Richard Nixon	1970–1973
H. Guyford Stever	OSTP	Gerald Ford	1976–1977
Frank Press		Jimmy Carter	1977–1981
Benjamin Huberman (acting)		Ronald Reagan	1981
George A. Keyworth, II			1981–1985
John P. McTague (acting)			1986
Richard G. Johnson (acting)			1986
William Robert Graham			1986–1989
Thomas P. Rona (acting)			1989
William G. Wells (acting)		George H. W. Bush	1989
D. Allan Bromley		George H. W. Bush	1989–1993
John H. Gibbons		Bill Clinton	1993–1998
Kerri-Ann Jones (acting)			1998
Neal F. Lane			1998–2001
Rosina Bierbaum (acting)		George W. Bush	2001
Clifford Gabriel (acting)			2001
John H. Marburger III			2001–2009
John Holdren		Barack Obama	2009–2017
Kelvin Droegemeier		Donald Trump	2019–present

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References

Reardon, Sara; Witze, Alexandra (31 July 2018). "The wait is over: Trump taps meteorologist as White House science adviser". Nature.
Wingerter, Justin (January 2, 2019). "OU meteorologist Kelvin Droegemeier approved to be Trump's science adviser". NewsOK.com. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
Morello, Lauren (January 3, 2019). "Donald Trump finally has a White House science adviser". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-019-00015-1. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
Smith, Marcia (February 11, 2019). "Droegemeier officially sworn in as OSTP director". Space Policy. Retrieved March 16, 2019.

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[1] Reardon, Sara; Witze, Alexandra (31 July 2018). "The wait is over: Trump taps meteorologist as White House science adviser". Nature.

[:3-2] Wingerter, Justin (January 2, 2019). "OU meteorologist Kelvin Droegemeier approved to be Trump's science adviser". NewsOK.com. Retrieved January 3, 2019.

[3] Morello, Lauren (January 3, 2019). "Donald Trump finally has a White House science adviser". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-019-00015-1. Retrieved January 3, 2019.

[4] Smith, Marcia (February 11, 2019). "Droegemeier officially sworn in as OSTP director". Space Policy. Retrieved March 16, 2019.