Scharführer

Scharführer ([ˈʃaːɐ̯.fyːʀɐ], lit. 'Squad leader') was a title or rank used in early 20th Century German military terminology. In German, Schar was one term for the smallest sub-unit, equivalent to (for example) a "troop" , "squad", or "section". The word führer simply meant "leader".

Scharfuhrer
Gorget patch
Shoulder and camo insignia
Country	Nazi Germany
Service branch	Schutzstaffel
Abbreviation	Scharf
Formation	1921
Abolished	1945
Next higher rank	Oberscharführer
Next lower rank	Unterscharführer
Equivalent ranks	Unterfeldwebel

An SS-Scharführer serving in KZ Mauthausen

The term Scharführer can be traced to World War I, when it was referred to a NCO in charge of several shock troopers, or other special forces soldiers.

It was, however, used far more widely by Nazi Party paramilitary organizations, between 1925 and 1945 and became strongly associated with them.

Nazi usage

Scharführer is most recognizable as a rank of the SS and title of the SA. Scharführer was first used as a title in the Sturmabteilung (SA) as early as 1921 and became an actual rank in 1928. Scharführer was the first non-commissioned officer rank of the SA, and was denoted by a single pip centered on a collar patch. In 1930, veteran Scharführer were appointed to the new rank of SA-Oberscharführer, denoted by an additional silver stripe to the Scharführer collar patch.[1]

The Schutzstaffel (SS) used the same insignia for Scharführer as the SA, but the level of rank changed in 1934 with a reorganization of the SS rank structure.[1][2] At that time, the old rank of SS-Scharführer became known as SS-Unterscharführer with the title of SS-Scharführer becoming equivalent to an SA-Oberscharführer. The rank of SS-Truppführer was removed from the SS, to be replaced by SS-Oberscharführer and the new rank of SS-Hauptscharführer. The early Waffen-SS created an even higher rank, known as SS-Sturmscharführer.[3]

Within the SA, Scharführer was senior to the rank of SA-Rottenführer while in the SS, a Scharführer was senior to that of SS-Unterscharführer.[2] The rank of Scharführer was also used by other Nazi Party organizations; among them the National Socialist Flyers Corps (NSFK), National Socialist Motorist Corps (NSKK) and the Hitler Youth (HJ).

Insignia

• 
  Shoulder strap
  SS-Scharführer
  (SS-Oberjunker)
• 
  HJ Shoulder strap
• 
  NSFK Gorget patches
• 
  NSKK Gorget patch
• 
  SA Gorget patch
• 
  SS Gorget patches
• 
  SS smock insignia

Junior rank Unterscharführer	SS rank Scharführer	Senior rank Oberscharführer
Junior rank Rottenführer	SA rank Scharführer	Senior rank Oberscharführer

See also

• Table of ranks and insignia of the Waffen-SS

Notes

1. Flaherty 2004, p. 148.
2. McNab 2009, p. 30.
3. McNab 2009, pp. 29, 30.

Bibliography

• Flaherty, T. H. (2004) [1988]. The Third Reich: The SS. Time-Life Books, Inc. ISBN 1 84447 073 3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• McNab, Chris (2009). The SS: 1923–1945. Amber Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-906626-49-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)