Satara (city)

Satara (pronunciation ) (ISO: Sātārā) is a city located in the Satara District of Maharashtra state of India, near the confluence of the river Krishna and its tributary, the Venna.[1] The city was established in the 16th century and was the seat of the Chhatrapati of Maratha Samrajya, Shahu I. It is the headquarters of Satara Tehsil, as well as the Satara District. The city gets its name from the seven forts (Sat-Tara) which are around the city.

For the moth genus, see Satara (moth).
Satara

Shahunagari
City
Clockwise from top: Chaarbhinti, Natraj Mandir, The name Satara in three scripts: Modi, Devnagri and Latin; Kshetra Mahuli, Ajinkyatara Fort, and the panorama of the city of Satara
Satara
Location of Satara in Maharashtra
Coordinates: 17.688°N 74.006°E / 17.688; 74.006
Country India
StateMaharashtra
DistrictSatara
Established16th century
Founded byShahu I
Named for'Saat Tara' or Saat Tare meaning Seven Stars denoting the seven hill forts in the adjoining areas of the city
Government
 • BodyMunicipality of Satara
Area
 • Total22.42 km2 (8.66 sq mi)
Elevation
742 m (2,434 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total326,079
Demonym(s)Satarkar
Language
 • OfficialMarathi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
415001, 415002, 415003, 415004, 415005, 415006
Telephone code02162
Vehicle registrationMH-11
Websitewww.satara.nic.in

History

Medieval

The first Muslim invasion of the Deccan took place in 1296. In 1636 the Nizam Shahi dynasty came to an end. In 1663 Shivaji conquered Parali and Satara fort. After the death of Shivaji, Shahu Shivaji, heir apparent to the Maratha Kingdom, captured by Mughals when he was only seven years old, remained their prisoner till the death of his father in 1700. The Dowager Maharani Tarabai proclaimed his younger half-brother, and her son, Shahu Sambhaji as Chhatrapati Maharaj under her regency. Mughals released Shahu under certain preconditions in 1707, so that Marathas would face an internal war for the throne. Shahu returned to the Maratha Empire and claimed his inheritance. Aurangzeb's son Muhammad Azam Shah conquered Satara fort (Ajinkyatara) after a 6-month siege, later won by Parshuram Pratinidhi in 1706. In 1708 Chattrapati Shahu, the son of Sambhaji, was crowned at the Satara fort. The direct descendants of Raja Shivaji continue to live in Satara. Udayanraje Bhonsle is the 13th descendant of Shivaji Maharaj. Dundle is the Sardar Of Chhatrpati Shivaji Maharaj.[2]

Economy

Sugarcane is the single biggest crop of Satara. The Satara district has around 302 banks. The per capita of Satara district is nearly 1.2 times the state average.[3] The British had, during the pre-Independence period started a variety of industries in Satara for Menthol and soap manufacturing in 1905. Bigger industries for copper were started in 1922. After independence, the whole district was stagnant in industrial growth. From 1950-60, industrial growth restarted and the manufacture of jaggery was started in the Satara Tehsil area. There is tanning industry in Satara city. It existed during the British rule, and after independence, the Maharashtra government established a modern tanning center in 1957.[4]

Features
  • Satara is well known for Sainik School, Satara - The first among the chains of Sainik Schools established in the country on 23rd June, 1961 under the Ministry of Defence. [5]
  • Satara is famous for Kaas Plateau, Thoseghar, and a lot of natural sites present in the vicinity of the city. Kass Plateau has been awarded as a UNESCO's World Heritage Site (WHS). In the monsoon months, the Kaas Pathar, as it is locally known, transforms into a wildflower wonderland. More particularly so in September when vivid shades of pink balsams, yellow smithias, and blue utricularias carpet the vast grasslands. It’s a must-visit for serious botanists, amateur photographers to witness the spectrum of Western Ghats monsoon montane grasslands flora, some of which are rare and endangered. [6]
  • Satara is located at foot of the famous Ajinkyatara fort.
  • Satara is well known for its sweet: Kandi Pedhe. Kandi Pedhe is a special delicacy of Milk which is prepared by pure full-fat milk available in nearby villages. It has its natural richness and sweetness. Kandi pedha has its unique test and is not sugar loaded like other pedhas available in the market.
  • Satara has a unique statue of Shivaji standing near a canon, at Powai Naka. Generally, a statue of Shivaji Maharaj has seen him riding the horse.
  • Kas plateau / Flower plateau, now a World Natural Heritage site.[7]
  • Satara has two palaces in the heart of the city, the Old Palace (Juna Rajwada) and the New Palace (Nava Rajwada) adjoining each other. The Old Palace was built around 300 years ago, and the New Palace was built about 200 years ago.
  • Thoseghar Waterfalls around 20  km west of Satara. It is one of the best monsoon tourist places in the Western Ghats. People come from all over Maharashtra to visit the falls, especially during the monsoon season between July and October.
  • Vajrai Waterfall, India's highest waterfall, around 22 km from Satara.
  • Sajjangad, around 15 km from Satara.
  • Satara hosts 'Satara Half Hill Marathon' each year.[8] In 2015, they entered the Guinness World Records book for Most People in a Mountain Run (Single Mountain) with 2,618 runners.[9][10]
  • Satara city is known as a Soldier's city as well as Pensioner's city.
  • Apshinge Military is a small village in Satara district but it has historical significance as at least one member of every family in the village has served or is serving in the armed forces. The contribution of the village was recognized by the British government, which installed a memorial in the village in the memory of 46 soldiers who laid down their lives fighting for Britain during World War I.[11]

How to visit

Satara is about 250  km from Mumbai on National Highway 48 (via Mumbai Pune Expressway and PB road) & 110 km away from Pune. Train services from Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus railway station, Mumbai to Kolhapur via Satara. Private travels and government state transport buses are available from Borivali, Dadar, Mumbai Central, and Thane to Satara. Satara is around 110  km from Pune (Pune Airport is the nearest airport) by road.

Geography
View of Satara at sunset from Chaarbhinti

Satara is located at 17.68°N 73.98°E / 17.68; 73.98.[12] It lies in the Satara District.[13] Satara city is surrounded by seven mountains. Satara lies on the slope of Ajinkyatara fort.[14] It lies on the western side of the Deccan Plateau. Pune and Solapur are the main cities close to Satara.[15] The city is surrounded by the tehsils of Koregaon on the West, Karad and Patan on the South, Jawali on the East and Wai on the North.[16]

National Highway 48 (formerly National Highway 4) passes through Satara, between Karad and Khandala.[17] Kaas Plateau, a valley of flowers, is situated 25 kms away from Satara .[18] Water from the Kaas lake is supplied to Satara city for drinking purposes.[19]

The Satara District experiences earthquakes of minor magnitudes. the epicenter of these earthquakes are scattered in Phaltan district.[20]

Climate

Satara city has a pleasant climate all year round due to mountains surrounding the city. Summers are not too hot and winters are not too cold. Satara city receives moderate rainfall around 1,200 to 1,500 mm all year round.

Climate data for Satara (1981–2010, extremes 1933–2012)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 35.8
(96.4)		 38.0
(100.4)		 40.5
(104.9)		 41.9
(107.4)		 42.1
(107.8)		 40.9
(105.6)		 33.5
(92.3)		 35.2
(95.4)		 34.6
(94.3)		 37.7
(99.9)		 36.0
(96.8)		 34.0
(93.2)		 42.1
(107.8)
Average high °C (°F) 29.8
(85.6)		 32.4
(90.3)		 35.4
(95.7)		 37.2
(99.0)		 36.6
(97.9)		 30.4
(86.7)		 27.0
(80.6)		 26.5
(79.7)		 28.9
(84.0)		 30.9
(87.6)		 30.1
(86.2)		 29.3
(84.7)		 31.2
(88.2)
Average low °C (°F) 12.8
(55.0)		 14.2
(57.6)		 18.1
(64.6)		 21.1
(70.0)		 22.7
(72.9)		 22.5
(72.5)		 21.8
(71.2)		 21.2
(70.2)		 20.5
(68.9)		 19.2
(66.6)		 15.9
(60.6)		 13.3
(55.9)		 18.6
(65.5)
Record low °C (°F) 4.8
(40.6)		 5.8
(42.4)		 9.1
(48.4)		 12.3
(54.1)		 15.2
(59.4)		 18.0
(64.4)		 19.0
(66.2)		 14.5
(58.1)		 14.5
(58.1)		 13.2
(55.8)		 9.0
(48.2)		 7.3
(45.1)		 4.8
(40.6)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 1.1
(0.04)		 0.2
(0.01)		 5.1
(0.20)		 20.2
(0.80)		 27.2
(1.07)		 199.7
(7.86)		 224.9
(8.85)		 172.1
(6.78)		 124.1
(4.89)		 100.6
(3.96)		 21.6
(0.85)		 8.7
(0.34)		 905.3
(35.64)
Average rainy days 0.1 0.1 0.3 1.4 2.1 10.9 15.3 12.8 8.1 5.5 1.5 0.4 58.7
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) 36 29 28 34 44 70 78 79 71 56 47 41 51
Source 1: India Meteorological Department[21][22]
Source 2: Government of Maharashtra[23]

Tourism

The famous tourist points near Satara city are:

Kas plateau, Satara (World Heritage Site)[7]
Bamnoli boating view
A view of Narayan Maharaj Math from Shembdi Vaghali-Bamnoli Road
A sunset view from Naryan Maharaj Math, Bamnoli

Demographics

As of 2011 India census,[25] Satara had a population of 120,079; males constituted 52% of the population and females 48%. Satara has an average literacy rate of 80%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 76%. In Satara, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age. Marathi is the native and most widely spoken language.

Maharashtra state's sex ratio is 883 girls per 1000 boys, and Satara fares worse still at 881, in spite of the high level of literacy.[26]

The population of Satara has crossed the municipal limits and actual urban agglomerate population 326,765. The city is surrounded with census towns viz. Karanje, Khed, Godoli and Vilaspur. These census towns are considered as suburban of Satara city.

The nod for Satara city limit expansion was given by Mr. Devendra Phadanvis then chief minister of Maharashtra on 16 September 2019. The matter was pending for 40 years. The borders of city will be extended upto NH4 towards east, upto Anjikyatara towards south, all region south to Venna river. Shahupuri, Sambhajinagar, Vilaspur and Dare Budruk grampanchayats will become a part of Satara city.


Religions in Satara city
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 83.3%
Muslims
 
 7.7%
Christian
 
 4%
Jain
 
 3.7%
Buddhist
 
 1.3%
Others†
 
 1%
Distribution of religions
†Includes Sikhs (0.2%), Parsi (0.8%).

Notable people

Transport

Satara city is well connected with the rest of Maharashtra by road and rail. National Highway 48 a part of the Golden Quadrilateral running between Delhi and Chennai passes through Satara connecting Mumbai and Pune on north side and kolhapur on south side in Maharashtra. A bypass was constructed to avoid traffic congestion in the city. National Highway 965D connects Kedgaon, Supe, Morgaon, Nira, Lonand, Wathar up to Satara. National Highway 548C starts from Satara, Satara-Akluj-Latur Highway connects Satara city to Latur, it passes through Koregaon, Pusegaon, Mhaswad, Akluj, Tembhurni and Murud. It will also be a 4 lane highway, work is going to start soon. State Highway 58 connects Satara with Mahabaleshwar and Solapur.

Satara railway station lies on the Pune-Miraj line of the Central Railways and is administered by the Pune Railway Division. The railway station is located a small distance east of the city and is served by several express trains. Sahyadri Express, Koyna Express, Mahalaxmi Express, Maharashtra Express, Goa Express are daily trains that have stops at Satara. Satara Mahad Bankot is a newly declared national highway connecting Satara to the Konkan region.

Railways
  • Satara  – 7 km from city

Satara has railway station situated near Mahuli about 07 km distance on the Satara Pandharpur road from Satara Bus stand. Satara is On Route from Mumbai to Miraj, Sangli, Kolhapur, and Bangalore (some trains). You can reach Satara from Mumbai or Pune easily by road or rail (Mahalaxmi Express, Koyna Express,"Goa Express", Sahyadri Express or Chalukya Express).



Railway Time Table Satara
Towards Pune
No.Train No.Train NameTrain TypeDayDeparture time
0112779Vasco – NizamuddinGoa ExpressDaily00.40 Am
0211098Ernakulam – PunePoorna ExpressWed01.15 Am
0311024Kolhapur – MumbaiSahyadri ExpressDaily02.30 Am
0411045Kolhapur – DhanbadDeekshabhoomi ExpressFri03.20 Am
0571426Satara – PunePassengerDaily04.35 Am
0622498Tiruchchirappalli - Shri GanganagarHumsafar ExpressSat05.00 Am
0701663Dharwad - HabibganjHabibganj ExpressSun07.10 Am
0851410Kolhapur – PunePassengerDaily09.50 Am
0911030Kolhapur – MumbaiKoyna ExpressDaily12.05 Pm
1012147Kolhapur – NizamuddinNizamuddin ExpressTue12.40 Am
1112781Mysore – NizamuddinSwarnajayani ExpressSat12.40 Pm
1216210Mysore – AjmerAjmer ExpressWed, Fri03.00 Pm
1316506Bangalore – GandhidhamGandhidham ExpressSun03.00 Pm
1416508Bangalore - JodhpurJodhpur ExpressTue, Thu03.00 Pm
1516532Bangalore – AjmerGarib Nawaz ExpressSat03.00 Pm
1611050Kolhapur - AhamdabadAhamdabad ExpressSat04.05 Am
1711039Kolhapur - GondiaMaharashtra ExpressDaily07.30 Pm
1851442Kolhapur – SataraPassengerDaily09.30 Pm
1911006Puducherry - DadarChalukya ExpressMon, Wed, Thu11.10 Pm
2011022Tirunelveli - DadarChalukya ExpressTue, Fri, Sat11.10 Pm
2111036Mysore – DadarSharavati ExpressSun11.10 Pm
2217317Hubli - Dadar(From 1 Jul 2020)Dadar ExpressDaily11.40 Pm
2311012Kolhapur - MumbaiMahalaxmi ExpressDaily11.45 Pm
11039 Express Train Splits at Bhusawal >> Kolhapur = Gorakhpur
Information by: Basargi Mahesh Updated On March 2020



Towards Miraj
No.Train No.Train NameTrain TypeDayDeparture time
0111097Pune – ErnakulamPoorna ExpressSun00.43 Am
0211023Mumbai – KolhapurSahyadri ExpressDaily01.40 Am
0317318Dadar - Hubli (From 1 Jul 2020 )Hubballi ExpressDaily02.40 Am
0417411Mumbai - KolhapurMahalaxmi ExpressDaily03.15 Am
0511021Dadar - TirunelveliTirunelveli ExpressSun, Wed , Thu04.00 Am
0611035Dadar – MysoreSharavati ExpressFri04.00 Am
0711005Dadar - PuducherryPuducherry ExpressMon,Tue, Sat04.00 Am
0851441Satara – KolhapurPassengerDaily05.25 Am
0916209Ajmer – MysoreAll Mysore ExpressMon, Sat07.15 Am
1016505Gandhidham – BangaloreGIMB SBC Bangalore ExpressWed07.15 Am
1116507Jodhpur – BangaloreJU SBC Bangalore ExpressSun,Fri07.15 Am
1216531Ajmer – BangaloreSBC Garib Nawaz ExpressTue07.15 Am
1311040Gondia – KolhapurMaharashtra ExpressDaily08.05 Am
1422497Tiruchchirappalli - Shri GanganagarHumsafar ExpressWed10.55 Am
1511049Ahamdabad - KolhapurKolhapur ExpressWed10.55 Am
1612148Nizamuddin – KolhapurNizamuddin ExpressFri12.10 Pm
1701664Habibganj - DharwadDharwad ExpressSat12.10 Pm
1812782Nizamuddin – MysoreSwarnajayani ExpressTue12.10 Pm
1951409 /71419Pune – KolhapurPassengerDaily02.00 Pm
2011029Mumbai – KolhapurKoyna ExpressDaily04.00 Pm
2112780Nizamuddin – VascoGoa ExpressDaily07.20 Pm
2271425Pune – SataraPassengerDaily10.20 Pm
2311046Dhanbad - KolhapurDeekshabhoomi ExpressWed10.55 Pm
11040 Express Train Splits at Bhusawal >> Gondia = Gorakhpur
Information by: Basargi Mahesh Updated On March 2020
gollark: Wait, idea: Discord for backups!
gollark: <:crow_of_judgement:724658449174233169> <:crow_of_judgement:724658449174233169> <:crow_of_judgement:724658449174233169> <:crow_of_judgement:724658449174233169>
gollark: I'm using bees, silly.
gollark: BEES DEPLOYED
gollark: Some stuff is market-thingied, some stuff is government-thingied, so mixed.

See also

References
  1. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Satara" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 227.
  2. "Satara District : Historical reference". www.satara.gov.in.
  3. Seetharaman, G. (20 November 2016). "Demonetisation: Satara farmers willing to bite the bitter bullet". The Economic Times. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  4. "INDUSTRIAL DISTRIBUTION AND DEVELOPMENT IN SATARA TEHSIL" (PDF).
  5. https://www.sainiksatara.org/
  6. http://wildnest.in/unescos-world-heritage-site-kaas-plateau/
  7. Mulla, Mohsin (4 July 2012). "Kaas to bloom for only 2,000 tourists daily". Dnaindia.com.
  8. "Satara Hill Half Marathon on September 6 - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  9. Avlani, Shrenik (4 January 2016). "Runs you cannot miss in 2016". livemint.com/. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  10. "Most people in a mountain run - single mountain". Guinness World Records. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  11. https://www.dnaindia.com/pune/report-recognise-our-wwi-sacrifices-apshinge-military-villagers-1876344
  12. "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Satara, India". Fallingrain.com. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  13. "GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF SATARA DISTRICT" (PDF).
  14. "Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency Website".
  15. "GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF SATARA DISTRICT" (PDF).
  16. "GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF SATARA DISTRICT" (PDF).
  17. "Satara District Map". Mapsofindia.com. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
  18. "Official Website Of Kaas". www.kas.ind.in. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  19. "GEOGRAPHICAL SET UP OF THE STUDY REGION" (PDF).
  20. "Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency Website".
  21. "Station: Satara Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 685–686. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  22. "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M152. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  23. "Climate". Government of Maharashtra. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  24. "VirajTravels – Perfect place to find all holiday packages". virajtravels.in. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  25. Cities having population 1 lakh and above. Censusindia.gov.in
  26. Babu, Chaya. 285 Indian girls no longer called "unwanted". Associated Press via NBC News. 22 October 2011

Further reading
  • Paul H. von Tucher: Nationalism: Case and crisis in Mission – German Missions in British India 1939 – 1946 Diss. Erlangen 1980. Author's edition Erlangen/Germany 1980. Read SATARA.
  • Wilhelm Filchner: Life of a Researcher (chapter XXIII). Wilhelm Filchner was interned from September 1941 until November 1946 in the Parole Camp in Satara.
  • Selections from the Historical Records of the Hereditary Minister of Baroda. Consisting of letters from Bombay, Baroda, Poona and Satara Governments. Collected by B. A. Gupte. Calcutta 1922.
  • Malik, S. C. Stone Age Industries of the Bombay & Satara Districts, M. Sayajirao University Baroda 1959.
  • Irawati Karve, Jayant Sadashiv Randadive, The Social Dynamics of a Growing Town and Its Surrounding Area. Deccan College, 1965, Poona. ISBN B0000CQW3J
  • Valunjkar, T. N. Social Organization, Migration & Change in a Village Community, Deccan College Poona 1966.
  • Dr. B.R.Ambedkar writes about his experience while living as a child in Satara in his autobiographical book, Waiting for a Visa

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