Santiago Almeida

Santiago Almeida (born July 25, 1911, Skidmore, Texas, died July 8, 1999, Sunnyside, Washington)[1] was a Texas musician influential in the development of the musical genres of tejano and conjunto.

Santiago Almeida
Narciso Martínez and Santiago Almeida, 1936
Background information
Born(1911-07-25)July 25, 1911
Skidmore, Texas
DiedJuly 8, 1999(1999-07-08) (aged 87)
Sunnyside, Washington
GenresConjunto music
Occupation(s)Musician
InstrumentsBajo sexto
LabelsBluebird
Associated actsNarciso Martínez

Biography

Almeida grew up on a farm, and in his teens played the bajo sexto in his family's ensemble, La Orquestra Almeida.[2][3] In the mid-1930s, Almeida began playing with accordionist Narciso Martínez at local dances and festivals around Brownsville, Texas and Raymondville, Texas. Local merchant and furniture store owner Enrique Valentin heard them and persuaded recording director Eli Oberstein to record them for the Bluebird label.[4] In 1935, Almeida and Martinez recorded a single for Bluebird Records, "La Chicharronera" b/w "El Troconal" (the former a polka and the latter a schottische).[5] These are generally regarded as the earliest known recordings of conjunto music. The duo would record extensively for Bluebird, releasing some 60 additional singles for the label between 1935 and 1938. The pair's popularity grew as a result, and they performed extensively, both live in South Texas and on record as backing musicians for conjunto singers. In the 1940s, the pair continued to record for Ideal Records and Disco de Oro.

By the late 1940s, Almeida had amassed a large family and found his musical success more difficult to sustain. He moved to Sunnyside, Washington in 1950, working as an apple picker and music teacher. He continued to perform locally at gatherings and in churches for the next several decades.

In 1987, his contributions to music were recognized when he was inducted into the Conjunto Hall of Fame in San Antonio. In 1993 he was awarded the Governor's Heritage Award in Washington. He was also a 1993 recipient of a National Heritage Fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts, which is the highest honor in the folk and traditional arts in the United States.[6]

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References
  1. Rivera, Jacinta. "ALMEIDA, SANTIAGO, SR". www.tshaonline.org. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
  2. Govenar, Alan B. (2001). Masters of Traditional Arts: A Biographical Dictionary. p. 22. ISBN 1576072401.
  3. Jasinski, Laurie E. (2012). Handbook of Texas Music (2nd ed.). Texas State Historical Assn. p. 11. ISBN 978-0876112533.
  4. Strachwitz, Chris (1993). "Narciso Martínez". www.lib.utexas.edu. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
  5. Hartman, Gary (2008). The History of Texas Music. Texas A&M University Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN 978-1603440028.
  6. "NEA National Heritage Fellowships 1993". www.arts.gov. National Endowment for the Arts. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
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