Samira Tewfik

Samira Ghastin Karimona (Arabic: سميرة غسطين كريمونة‎; born 25 December 1935), better known by her stage name Samira Tewfik (Arabic: سميرة توفيق‎, surname also spelled Tawfik, Tawfiq, Toufiq or Taoufiq) is a Syria singer who gained fame in the Arab world for her specializing in singing in the Bedouin dialect of Jordan.[1] She has also acted in a number of Arab films.[2]

Samira Tewfik
Tewfik in 1960s
Born
Samira Ghastin Karimona

(1935-12-25) 25 December 1935
Umm Haratayn, Syria
NationalitySyrian
Musical career
GenresArabic music, Bedouin music
Occupation(s)Singer, actress
InstrumentsVocals
Associated actsSabah, Fairuz, Wadi al-Safi

Biography

Samira was born into a Christian family in the village of Umm Haratayn in the Suwayda region of Syria.[3] She lived in the Rmeil neighborhood of Beirut,[4] Lebanon, where her father Ghastin,[3][5] worked as a dock laborer.[3] As a child, she enjoyed Classical Arab music and was particularly a fan of Farid al-Atrash. She often climbed a tree at her home and sang his songs aloud. She was heard by musician Albert Ghaoui, who was impressed with her voice and asked her father to become her musical mentor. Ghaoui introduced Samira to the Egyptian musician Tawfiq Bayoumi who taught her the tawashih musical form. Bayoumi also gave her the stage name "Tawfiq" (or "Tewfik") ("Success") when he told her al-Tawfiq Min Allah (success will come with the blessing of God). Her first hit on Radio Beirut was a song originally sung by Bayoumi called Maskin Ya Qalbi Yama Tlaawat ("Oh My Heart How You Have Suffered").[6]

She struggled for success in Lebanon,[3][7] due to the highly popular competing acts of Fairuz, Sabah and Wadi al-Safi,[3] but she excelled after basing herself in Jordan in the 1960s and 1970s.[7][3] There, the Jordanian Broadcasting Authority (JBA) employed her with the request that she sing in the Bedouin dialect. The JBA trained her to sing in the local dialect to make her music genuinely sound Transjordanian.[7] Her first song played by Jordanian radio was her first hit, Maskin Ya Qalbi Yama Tlaawat. Samira performed her first concert at a Jordanian village called Ainata and the following day was invited to perform at an event attended by King Hussein. King Hussein became a fan of her Bedouin tunes and mawalil.[6] She became the representative of Jordanian music to the Arab world by singing with the rustic, Bedouin dialect.[1]

Samira would often perform in flamboyant, Bedouin-style dress, which gave her a "Bedouin aura" according to Joseph Massad,[5] although the type of dress she wore did not resemble actual Bedouin clothing. She became famous in Jordan for the nationalist-inspired songs Diritna al-Urduniya ("Our Jordanian Tribal Land") and Urdunn al-Quffiya al-Hamra ("Jordan of the Red Kuffiyah"), both songs that sought marry the concepts of the traditional nomadic culture and a Jordanian sense of nationhood.[5] Her most commercially successful love song was Al Eyn Mulayitain ("Two Trips to the Water Spring"), which was about a rural girl who crosses a bridge multiple times a day ostensibly to collect water for her family, but with the actual intent of meeting a young man she is in love with.[8]

Samira is generally considered the first major artist to represent Jordanian music and make it popular in the Arab world, and her Bedouin style inspired other artists to follow suit in Jordan.[5] Nonetheless, Samira's popularity was not matched by other Jordanian singers until the early 1990s with the singer Umar al-Abdallat.[9]

Samira currently lives in Hazmiyeh, a town and suburb of Beirut. The Hazmiyeh Municipality threw her an honorary celebration on 20 July 2015.[10]

gollark: I can mostly only think of food and water as immediately problematic things, and it's still a lot easier to import help when on the ground.
gollark: Terrestrial housing gets breathable air and some degree of temperature control "for free".
gollark: It'll probably be a while before there are actually space habitats that big, and more having to be done technologically probably means more failures.
gollark: If they fail on a space habitat, I probably die horribly and can't easily get help from somewhere nearby.
gollark: If the power or water supply fail here, I'll probably be somewhat uncomfortable until they're restored, but be basically fine, at least as long as they're available somewhere not too far away.

References
  1. Shoup, John A. (2007). Culture and Customs of Jordan. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9780313336713.
  2. Samira Tewfik, IMDb
  3. Swedenburg, Ted (3 February 2014), Samira Tawfiq Sings to Jordan's Red Kufiya, Hawgblawg
  4. "Samira Taoufik age, biography – Last.fm". Last.fm.
  5. Massad, Joseph A. (2001). Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan. Columbia University Press. p. 72. ISBN 9780231505703.
  6. Balaha, Sayed, Samira Tawfik: The Bedouin Voice, Balaha Records Entertainment
  7. Suleiman, Yasir (2013). Language and Society in the Middle East and North Africa. Routledge. p. 36. ISBN 9781317849377.
  8. Suleiman, Yasir (2013). Language and Society in the Middle East and North Africa. Routledge. p. 218. ISBN 9781317849377.
  9. Massad, Joseph A. (2001). Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan. Columbia University Press. p. 254. ISBN 9780231505703.
  10. "Hazmieh Honors Samira Tawfik", As-Safir (in Arabic)

Bibliography
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