Sam Adams (Oregon politician)

Samuel Francis Adams (born September 3, 1963) is an American politician who is the former mayor of Portland, Oregon.[1] He grew up in Newport, Oregon, attended the University of Oregon and worked on a number of campaigns before taking office as a Portland commissioner. Among them was Vera Katz's run for mayor of Portland. After she won, he served as her chief of staff for eleven years and then went back to school, earning a degree in Political Science.[2]

This article is about the former mayor of Portland. For the revolutionary politician, see Samuel Adams. For the governor of Arkansas, see Samuel Adams (Arkansas politician).
Sam Adams
51st Mayor of Portland, Oregon
In office
January 1, 2009 – December 31, 2012
Preceded byTom Potter
Succeeded byCharlie Hales
Portland City Commissioner
In office
January 1, 2005 – January 1, 2009
Preceded byJim Francesconi
Succeeded byAmanda Fritz
Personal details
Born
Samuel Francis Adams

(1963-09-03) September 3, 1963
Butte, Montana, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Domestic partnerPeter Zuckerman (2008–present)
Alma materUniversity of Oregon
OccupationPolitician

In 2004, Adams was elected to the Portland City Council, serving four years on the council earning a reputation as a "policy-driven advocate for sustainability, the arts, and gay rights".[3] He was elected to a four-year term as mayor of Portland in the May 2008 primary, with 58% of the vote and a dozen other candidates on the ballot.[3][4][5] He was the first openly gay mayor of a top-30 U.S. city.[3][6] In July 2011, Adams announced that he would not seek a second term as mayor.[7][8] He had an approval rating of 56% eight months before he left office.[9] In 2020 he announced his candidacy for Portland City Commission, challenging incumbent Chloe Eudaly.

Early life and education

Samuel Adams was born at St. James Hospital in Butte, Montana,[10] on September 3, 1963. He is the third of four children[11] born to Larry Adams—a special education teacher and high school basketball coach—and his wife, Karalie (née Gibbons).[12] When Adams was born his family lived on ranch eight miles outside Whitehall, Montana. When he was a year old, his family moved to Richland, Washington, for a year, and then on to Newport, Oregon.[13] His maternal grandfather Francis Gibbons immigrated from Ireland to Portland.[14] Because of the Irish birth of his maternal grandfather, Adams holds dual Irish and American citizenship.[15] In 1966, Adams and his family moved from Montana to the Oregon coast.[2]

As a boy, Adams and his friends were almost always outside, rain or shine, fishing and crabbing off the cannery docks and digging for clams in the mudflats. "The only thing that would bring him inside was food," said Adams' Mom.[14]

When Adams was thirteen, his parents moved to Eugene, Oregon, where they divorced. Adams and his three siblings lived with their mother and survived at times on food stamps and public housing assistance.[3][16][17] When his mother could not find work in Eugene in 1979 and moved to Portland, Adams stayed in Eugene, living largely on his own[18] and supported himself working as a cook at a Mr. Steak restaurant throughout most of his high school years.[19]

He graduated from high school in 1982, then started at the University of Oregon in 1984, but did not finish.[16] Adams went back to college while working full time in 1999, at Portland State University. He graduated with a BA in Political Science in 2002 from the University of Oregon.[20]

Summarizing his early life, the Willamette Week noted that Adams "got a rough start in life. Not a lot of closeted, bullied, small-town welfare kids with divorced parents grow up to be the mayor of a major U.S. city. But unlike some politicians, Adams has not made his personal story a platform. His tough upbringing in Newport shapes his priorities."[21]

Early career

Adams began his career in politics as a staffer on Peter DeFazio's 1986 campaign for the U.S. House of Representatives in Oregon's 4th district.[16] He dropped out of the University of Oregon to work on Peter DeFazio's successful bid for Congress.[22] Not earning much, to save money, he sleep on a floor futon[22] in the campaign headquarters."[2][23] After DeFazio won, Adams worked as a communications and policy assistant in his Oregon office, and on his re-election campaigns until 1988 when, Sam went to work for the Democratic House Campaign Committee, in Salem, Oregon[24][25] and for Democratic Majority Leaders David Dix and Carl Hosticka.[26]

Adams' first political position on his own came in 1988 when he was elected Chair of the Lane County (Oregon) Democratic Party.[27] In 1990, Adams worked as the Oregon director for the highway safety organization Citizens for Reliable and Safe Highways (CRASH). He next worked on Vera Katz's mayoral campaign in Portland and served eleven years as her Chief of Staff.[2] He remained closeted at work until he became her Chief of Staff in 1993.[3] He broke the news for the first time to a prospective employer to Mayor Vera Katz in 1992 after she offered him the job as her campaign manager, to which she replied 'Sweetie, I don't give a damn.'"[28] In discussing not disclosing his sexuality, Adams noted he came from a "family of tough Montanans" where "there's a premium on being tough and strong, and being queer and a faggot wasn't strong".[3]

Portland City Council

In a 2004 election for a seat on the Portland City Council, Adams won significantly fewer votes than rival Nick Fish in the primary election, but defeated Fish in the general election. Following the primary, Adams shifted campaign managers and tactics from a focus on traditional fundraising to grassroots outreach.

Adams at a "Green space" event in 2005

Adams was Portland's Commissioner of Public Utilities. He ran the Portland Office of Transportation (commonly abbreviated as "PDOT") and the Portland Bureau of Environmental Services (BES). He also served as Portland City Council's liaison to the Arts and Culture and Small Business communities. As part of managing PDOT, he inherited the responsibility to oversee development of the Portland Aerial Tram, one of the world's few urban aerial trams.[29] It links the South Waterfront district to the upper campus of Oregon Health & Science University. During its development, the project was plagued with cost overruns and opposition from some residents impacted by the project.[30] When Adams assumed responsibility, he replaced the external consultants responsible for the poor cost estimates with in-house expertise.[31] The project was completed on time and within the revised budget with the tram opened to the public in January 2007.

Adams and his staff maintained a blog highlighting their activities in the community, especially pertaining to Adams' priorities such as arts and culture, livability and environment, and transportation.[32]

2008 mayoral campaign

In October 2007 Adams announced his intentions to run for Mayor of Portland and kicked off his campaign at the Wonder Ballroom in Northeast Portland in February 2008.[33][34] His main opponent was Sho Dozono, a civic leader and businessman, although 13 candidates filed for mayor. In the primary election, held May 20, 2008, Adams captured 58 percent of the vote and was elected without the need for a run-off.[35] Dozono, his nearest opponent, received 34 percent of the vote.[5] Adams took office on January 1, 2009. Portland became the largest U.S. city to have ever elected an openly gay mayor.[35] (In December 2009 Houston, Texas, the nation's fourth largest city, elected Annise Parker, who is an out lesbian, surpassing Portland as the largest American city ever to have an openly gay mayor. Houston was the largest city to have elected an openly gay mayor until Lori Lightfoot was elected mayor of Chicago in 2019)[36]

Mayoralty
Adams and C-Tran director Tim Leavitt at a meeting of the Columbia River Crossing Project

In 2009, Adams in his inauguration speech said his top three priorities were creating more family-wage jobs, reducing the high school dropout rate, and making Portland more sustainable.[37]

In his first State of the City address on February 27, 2009, Adams outlined his goal of making Portland "the most sustainable city in the world". Adams emphasized reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and investment in efficient green energy as essential to the city's energy-environmental goals and called on the Oregon State Legislature to provide incentives for the expansion of green energy companies, notably Vestas Wind Systems, into the Portland metropolitan area.[38]

Later that year, Adams was cleared of any criminal wrongdoing related to a consensual sexual relationship with a young adult he met in 2005. Adams said the deception about the relationship was warranted because a political opponent had falsely accused him of having sex with a minor, but later apologized.[39][40][41]

That year he also established a local economic stimulus plan by fast-tracking capital improvement projects,[42] secured a Major League Soccer franchise,[42] began work on the Oregon Sustainability Center[42] established a free-bus-ride program designed to help low-income students more easily get to school,[43] helped secure $2.5 million in new grants designed to help the city reduce diesel emissions,[44] began construction of 15 miles of bike boulevards,[45] and consolidated the city's permitting process.[46]

Adams announced his support of new regulations for horse-drawn carriages in September 2009 after a horse died in downtown Portland a month earlier. Adams recommended that planners at the Revenue Bureau write new city codes that would cover working conditions for equine businesses and their animals.[47][48]

In September 2009, he opposed the $4 billion, twelve-lane replacement for the I-5 bridge over the Columbia River, a plan he had once supported. Adams stated, "I'd rather settle for a bad bridge for another 25 years than a terrible bridge that punishes Portland for another 100 years."[49] The twelve-lane idea was a compromise deal Adams helped write with then-Mayor Royce Pollard of Vancouver, Washington, in February, 2009. That deal helped get the Portland City Council to agree for a bridge of up to twelve lanes, something Vancouver wanted in exchange for its support of Portland's MAX Light Rail extension across the I-5 bridge.[50] Adams focused on improving the local economy by attracting large, sustainable employers to Portland, including a $200-million investment by the company Vestas.[51]

In 2010, Adams in his State of the City address was praised by environmental organizations and criticized by coal advocates for his successful efforts to shrink Portland's carbon footprint through programs such as Clean Energy Works, the nation's first on-bill financing for home retrofitting.[52][53] Adams also became known for leading the creation of Portland's "Citizen Reports" iPhone application.[54] He also appeared in Portlandia's second episode as Sam, assistant to the Mayor of Portland.[55]

Adams and Charles Jordan, July 2012

In November of that year, Adams fired the police chief and then fired a police officer who had shot and killed an unarmed citizen.[56] He recruited a wind company to spend $66 million on development and hire 400 employees, established the city's first economic development plan, developed programs designed to reduce Portland's high school dropout rate and make the city more sustainable,[57] and, along with the rest of the city council, adopted gun control regulations that are designed to reduce shootings.[58]

In 2011, Adams established curbside composting,[59] banned single-use plastic bags,[60] adopted a transgender-inclusive health plan for city employees,[61] recruited a photovoltaic company to move to and invest $340 million in infrastructure in Portland,[62] recruited several TV and movie companies to do business and spend about $100 million on production in Portland,[63] established the $2.1 million seed fund to help start-up businesses in Portland,[62] supported Occupy Portland at first, but later dispersed the camps,[64] and cracked down on gangs with a 14-month police undercover operation that resulted in the arrests of 31 gang members.[65]

On July 29, 2011, Adams announced on his official city blog that he would not seek a second term as Portland's mayor.[7][8]


Life after mayoralty

Just 16 days after expiration of his term as Mayor of Portland, Sam Adams was named as Executive Director of the City Club of Portland, a non-profit organization best known as the host of public civic policy meetings.[66] After applying for the job in December 2012, Adams was selected from a pool of 80 applicants for the position, which paid him $80,000 in 2013.[66]

Adams characterized his new position as a "fantastic opportunity to do community building, work on improving the civic health of the city, and to support the members' work in researching tough public policy issues.[66] Established in 1916, the City Club of Portland had about 1500 members and four paid employees in 2013.[66] During his two-year tenure, City Club membership grew by 47 percent and corporate sponsorships doubled.[67]

On January 14, 2014, Adams announced that he was leaving the City Club to become director of U.S. Climate Initiatives at the World Resources Institute, a global nonprofit dedicated to environmental sustainability.[68] Adams moved to Washington, D.C. as a result.[69]

In November of 2017, Adams was accused of sexual harassment by a former aide when he was mayor, and in December of 2017, he left his position at the World Resources Institute, although the allegations were not a factor in his choice to resign.[70]

Personal life

From 1992 until 2004, Adams was in a long-term relationship with Greg Eddie.[71] During that time, in 1993, he was outed as gay by the alternative newspaper Willamette Week. In 2007, the former couple, in a challenge to the state constitution, filed suit against the State of Oregon to dissolve their domestic partnership and divide Adams' future pension.[72][73] After his break-up with Eddie, Adams was, for the first time, both openly gay and single. Adams lamented his lack of "gaydar". He said this made him decide to date only men who asked him out first.[74]

In 2005, Adams met Beau Breedlove, a 17-year-old interning for Oregon State Representative Kim Thatcher.[75] In September 2007, Adams denied rumors of a sexual relationship between the two, calling the allegations scurrilous, and adding that they played into stereotypes of predatory gays.[75] In January 2009, after being confronted with a story in Willamette Week, Adams acknowledged lying about the nature of their sexual relationship.[74][76] Breedlove confirmed Adams' accounts.[3][75][77] Adams apologized, saying he had lied to avoid accusations of grooming a minor and the likely disruption such allegations would cause in his mayoral campaign.[39][78][79] Adams cited the "swift public condemnation" of former mayor and governor Neil Goldschmidt in 2004 by the news media as weighing heavily in his decision to lie. "[N]o one's going to believe me [that he was eighteen]".[3] Oregon had already seen several prominent political sex scandals; prior to Goldschmidt's, there was one involving Senator Bob Packwood in 1992.[3] The "well-funded newsroom" of The Oregonian had been criticized for failing to pursue both stories. In the Goldschmidt case, the Oregonian publicly debated with Willamette Week over which publication reported more accurately and aggressively.[3] Adams also announced his intention to remain in office.[77]

News of the deception led Oregon Attorney General John Kroger to initiate a criminal investigation in January 2009. By June, his office announced that no charges would be filed and that there was "no credible evidence" of inappropriate sexual contact before the age of consent.[80][81] Before Kroger's findings were made public, several newspapers called for Adams' resignation. The Portland Mercury and the board of the Portland Area Business Association, the LGBTQ chamber of commerce, spoke out against resignation.[82][83][84][85][86][87] Out magazine columnist Dan Savage noted what they saw as hypocrisy, homophobia, and sex panic about age disparity in sexual relationships.[3][75] In July 2009 a recall campaign asserted that Adams had lost the trust of the public and other elected officials to ill effect on the city's economy.[88] It fell short of gathering the necessary number of signatures.[89][90] A second effort began in late 2009, with financial backing from over a dozen regional businesses. The backers posited that a "lack of trust and political capital" was affecting their businesses' bottom lines.[91][92][93] However, it too failed due to lack of sufficient signatures.[94]

Adams also dated Christopher Stowell, artistic director of Oregon Ballet Theatre.[95][96] Adams met his partner Peter Zuckerman in 2008. Zuckerman is an American journalist and author who has focused his career on court reporting, investigative journalism, adventure stories, and socially progressive political campaigns.[97]

Adams had a recurring role on the IFC show Portlandia as assistant to Portland's fictional mayor played by Kyle MacLachlan.[98] He also appeared as himself in "The Hour of Death", a 2012 episode of the Portland-based NBC show Grimm.

Filmography
YearTitleCharacterEpisode(s)
2011Have You Heard? with Byron BeckSelf"At Home with Storm Large"
2011–2018PortlandiaSam, Mayor's Assistant"A Song for Portland" (2011)
"A Mayor Is Missing" (2011)
"Cops Redesign" (2012)
"No Olympics" (2012)
"The Brunch Special" (2012)
"Off the Grid" (2013)
"The Temp" (2013)
"3D Printer" (2014)
"4th of July" (2015)
"First Feminist City" (2016)
"Noodle Monster" (2016)
"Open Relationship" (2018)
"Most Pro City" (2018)
"Rose Route" (2018)
2012VancouvriaPhoto Extra"Big City Survival Class"
2012Wheel of FortuneSelf"Wheel of Fortune from Portland"
"Going Green from Portland 2"
"Going Green from Portland 3"
2012GrimmSelf"The Hour of Death"
gollark: I should link to MLC, the temporary heavsite and mondecitronne.com on my site.
gollark: 862 on my laptop now, probably 200 on my phone.
gollark: I just keep everything in about 800 tabs.
gollark: False dichotomy.
gollark: Why not?

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Political offices
Preceded by
Tom Potter		 Mayor of Portland, Oregon
2009–2012		 Succeeded by
Charlie Hales
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