Saint-Gratien, Val-d'Oise

Saint-Gratien is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 13.8 km (8.6 mi) from the center of Paris.

Saint-Gratien
Commune
A general view of Saint-Gratien from the Orgemont hill
Coat of arms
Location (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs
Location of Saint-Gratien
Saint-Gratien
Location (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs
Saint-Gratien
Saint-Gratien (Île-de-France (region))
Coordinates: 48°58′19″N 2°16′58″E
CountryFrance
RegionÎle-de-France
DepartmentVal-d'Oise
ArrondissementSarcelles
CantonArgenteuil-1
IntercommunalityCA Plaine Vallée
Government
 • Mayor (2014–2020) Julien Bachard
Area
1
2.42 km2 (0.93 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
20,682
 • Density8,500/km2 (22,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
95555 /95210
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

History

On August 7, 1850, a part of the territory of Saint-Gratien was detached and merged with a part of the territory of Deuil-la-Barre, a part of the territory of Soisy-sous-Montmorency, and a part of the territory of Épinay-sur-Seine to create the commune of Enghien-les-Bains. On that occasion the commune of Saint-Gratien lost the scenic lake now known as the Lake of Enghien.

Transport

Saint-Gratien is served by Saint-Gratien station on Paris RER line and by the bus number 138 going to Paris — Porte de Clichy.

gollark: The reason they *do* is probably just consistency with other methods (it would be very annoying if they worked very differently to GET routing-wise) and so requests can be routed to the right handler more easily.
gollark: <@498244879894315027> Why wouldn't (shouldn't?) they have a URL?
gollark: They do have to spin pretty fast. There are sealed helium ones now.
gollark: > The HDD's spindle system relies on air density inside the disk enclosure to support the heads at their proper flying height while the disk rotates. HDDs require a certain range of air densities to operate properly. The connection to the external environment and density occurs through a small hole in the enclosure (about 0.5 mm in breadth), usually with a filter on the inside (the breather filter).[124] If the air density is too low, then there is not enough lift for the flying head, so the head gets too close to the disk, and there is a risk of head crashes and data loss. Specially manufactured sealed and pressurized disks are needed for reliable high-altitude operation, above about 3,000 m (9,800 ft).[125] Modern disks include temperature sensors and adjust their operation to the operating environment. Breather holes can be seen on all disk drives – they usually have a sticker next to them, warning the user not to cover the holes. The air inside the operating drive is constantly moving too, being swept in motion by friction with the spinning platters. This air passes through an internal recirculation (or "recirc") filter to remove any leftover contaminants from manufacture, any particles or chemicals that may have somehow entered the enclosure, and any particles or outgassing generated internally in normal operation. Very high humidity present for extended periods of time can corrode the heads and platters. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive#Integrity
gollark: Interweb says it's to keep pressure equalized between the inside and out.

See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.



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