SS Kronprinzessin Cecilie (1905)

Kronprinzessin Cecilie was a Hamburg-America Line passenger ship launched on 14 October 1905 by Krupp Aktiengesellschaft Germaniawerft at Kiel, Germany. The ship was placed on the South American service and soon to be overshadowed by the Norddeutscher Lloyd four stack liner Kronprinzessin Cecilie launched on 1 December 1906 that, at 18,372 GRT, was over twice the 8,688 GRT tonnage of the Hamburg-America Line ship.

For other ships with the same name, see SS Kronprinzessin Cecilie.

Hamburg-America Line steamer Kronprinzessin Cecilie
History
German Empire
Name: SS Kronprinzessin Cecilie
Namesake: Duchess Cecilie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, the Crown Princess of Prussia
Laid down: 1 January 1905
Launched: 14 October 1905
Maiden voyage: 14 March 1906
Fate: Seized by United Kingdom, 1915
United Kingdom
Name: HMS Princess
In service: 14 October 1915
Fate: Sold for scrap, 1917
Notes: Used as a dummy for HMS Ajax
General characteristics
Tonnage: 8,688 GRT
Length: 143.25 m (470 ft 0 in) pp
Beam: 16.76 m (55 ft 0 in)

The ship, after leaving New York on 25 July 1914 sought refuge in the port of Falmouth, Cornwall, Britain not yet having declared war, from a French cruiser. The ship was given permission to leave on Britain's entry into the war, though British and French warships were waiting, refused, and as a result was condemned in a British court, requisitioned by the government and taken into the Royal Navy as HMS Princess in 1915.

Construction and design

Kronprinzessin Cecilie was built for the Hamburg-America Line by Krupp Aktiengesellschaft Germaniawerft, Kiel, under a June 1904 contract in which the keel was laid on 1 January 1905 and the ship was launched on 14 October 1905.[1]

The ship was 143.25 metres (470 ft 0 in) long between perpendiculars, by 16.76 metres (55 ft 0 in) extreme beam.[1]

Two quadruple expansion main engines, with cylinders of 60 centimetres (23.6 in), 127.5 centimetres (50.2 in), 187.5 centimetres (73.8 in) and 87.5 centimetres (34.4 in) with a stroke of 135.7 centimetres (53.4 in), each developed about 3,035 indicated horsepower (2,263 kW) at 79 revolutions.[2] The engines were in a central engine room without separation bulkheads with common starting and work platforms between and drove two manganese bronze four-bladed propellers, turning outboard going ahead, with 5.41 metres (17.7 ft) diameter and 6.2 metres (20.3 ft) pitch.[2][note 1] Steam was provided by three double ended, with three furnaces at each end, and one single ended boiler with three furnaces at the front end for a total of twenty-one furnaces.[3] Electrical power at 102 volts for lights and some auxiliary equipment, including radio, was generated by three dynamos, two aft in the engine room and one above the waterline forward of the main deck engine hatch, each delivering 400 amperes.[4]

Commercial service

On 20 February 1906 the ship steamed from Kiel to Hamburg where she was delivered to Hamburg-America on 24 February and left on her maiden voyage on 14 March for Veracruz and Tampico, Mexico.[1] On the crossing the ship's average speed was 14.41 knots (16.58 mph; 26.69 km/h).[1]

The ship having the same name as the larger Norddeutscher Lloyd ship resulted in occasional confusion as with reports of Kronprinzessin Cecilie being involved in transporting arms to Mexico for General Huerta and taking the Mexican delegation to the mediation conference even while the Norddeutscher Lloyd ship was arriving in New York with the New York Times noting: "the fact that there are two steamers named Kronprinzessin Cecilie has caused much confusion in the minds" of its readers.[5]

The ship was reported to have aboard arms for General Huerta but did not land them at Veracruz and proceeded to Puerto, Mexico.[6] The Mexican delegation of Emilio Rabasa, Augustin Rodriguez and Luis Eiguero departed Veracruz on 10 May 1914 aboard Kronprinzessin Cecilie for the mediation conference to be held at Niagara Falls, Ontario to resolve the dispute between Huerta and the United States.[7]

Kronprinzessin Cecilie had been engaged in tourist service and transport of the Mexican delegation had departed New York on 25 July 1914.[8][7] Under pursuit by a French cruiser she had put into Falmouth before Britain had declared war.[8] In late March 1916 Kronprinzessin Cecilie and SS Prinz Adalbert were condemned in a British Prize Court on the basis that the ships had been granted permission to leave, even though French and British warships were waiting, and that refusal to leave had removed the ships from Hague Convention protection.[8] At the close of the court proceedings the British government announced the ships had been requisitioned.[8]

HMS Princess
For other ships with the same name, see HMS Princess.

Kronprinzessin Cecilie was taken into the Royal Navy and renamed to become HMS Princess in 1915 and converted to a dummy for the battleship HMS Ajax, with superstructure and guns made of wood. The work was done in Belfast by Harland and Wolff. Princess/Ajax patrolled around Loch Ewe until October 1915, when she was decommissioned and converted to a proper armed merchant cruiser, with eight 6-inch (152 mm) guns. She recommissioned on 6 May 1916 and went to East Africa, where she served until October 1917, before being paid off in Bombay.[9]

Footnotes
  1. Values approximate as English language publication's ft/inch values converted to metric for use and reconverted by template to match article's original metric units.
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References
  1. Guenther, International Marine Engineering December, 1907, p. 481.
  2. Guenther, International Marine Engineering January, 1908, p. 23.
  3. Guenther, International Marine Engineering January, 1908, p. 26.
  4. Guenther, International Marine Engineering January, 1908, p. 28.
  5. New York Times, 14 May 1914.
  6. The Nation, 14 May 1914.
  7. The Public, 15 May 1914.
  8. New York Times, 24 March 1916.
  9. Dittmar & Colledge 1972.

Bibliography
  • Dittmar, Frederick James; Colledge, James Joseph (20 October 1972), British warships, 1914–1919, Littlehampton Book Services Ltd, ISBN 0-7110-0380-7, LCCN 0711003807CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Guenther, F.C. (1907). "The Hamburg-American Steamer Kronprinzessin Cecilie". International Marine Engineering. New York: Marine Engineering Incorporated. 12 (December): 481–490. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
  • Guenther, F.C. (1908). "The New North German Lloyd Steamship Kronprinzessin Cecilie". International Marine Engineering. New York: Marine Engineering Incorporated. 13 (January): 23–28. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
  • "Summary of the News". The Nation. 17. 14 May 1914. p. 557. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  • "Landed No Huerta Arms: Badger Reports Definitely Regarding the Cecilie's Cargo". The New York Times (14 May 1914). 1914. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  • "British Court Rules on Steamships Seized at Falmouth at Beginning of War". The New York Times (24 March 1916). 1916. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
  • "News Narrative—Week ending Tuesday May 12, 1914". The Public. 17. 15 May 1914. p. 464. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  • Osborne, Richard; Spong, Harry & Grover, Tom (2007). Armed Merchant Cruisers 1878–1945. Windsor, UK: World Warship Society. ISBN 978-0-9543310-8-5.
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